Dangerous others, insecure societies: fear and social division

Critics, past and present, of state-funded denominational education in Scotland after 1918 have often asserted that the system has promoted social division, separateness and even fostered sectarianism. This lecture – the Cardinal Winning Lecture, 2017, delivered to the St Andrew's Foundation for Catholic Teacher Education, University of Glasgow – disagrees with these views. Instead, the presentation argues that Catholic schooling, in addition to its recognised importance in Christian spiritual formation, has been a crucial influence promoting the integration of a formerly disadvantaged and marginalised community into modern Scotland. ‘Integration’ is defined for this purpose as the process of incorporation into mainstream society as equal citizens. The lecture considers the long and rocky road to this achievement by setting the educational experience within the broader context of Scottish religious, social, political and economic history in the twentieth century.

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METHODOLOGY OF CONVERGENCE OF PRINCIPLES OF COOPERATION AND INTEGRATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL DIVISION OF LABOR IN AGRICULTURE

Economy, labor, management in agriculture ◽

10.33938/184-83 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 83-87

Author(s):

Anatoly Sergeevich Truba ◽

Olga Yurievna Antsiferova

Keyword(s):

Division Of Labor ◽

Social Division

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Reimagining Intersectionality and Social Exclusion in South Africa

The Oxford Handbook of Global South Youth Studies ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190930028.013.11 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Khosi Kubeka ◽

Sharmla Rama

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Social Exclusion ◽

Social Relations ◽

South African Context ◽

Social Division ◽

Common Reference ◽

Local Contexts ◽

African Context

Combining the theories of intersectionality and social exclusion holds the potential for structural and nuanced interpretations of the workings of power, taking systemic issues seriously but interpreting them though social relations that appear in local contexts. An intersectional analysis of social exclusion demonstrates to what extent multiple axes of social division—be they race, age, gender, class, disability or citizenship—intersect to result in unequal and disparate experiences for groups of youth spatially located in particular communities and neighborhoods. A common reference point is therefore power and how it manifests at the intersection of the local and global. A South African case study is used to explore the subjective measures and qualitative experiences of intersectionality and social exclusion further. The unique ways that language intersects with space, neighborhood, and race in the South African context, enables opportunities in education and the labor market, with profound implications for forms of social exclusion.

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Division de pouvoir et intégration social: de Montesquieu à la crise actuelle du parlementarisme

Canadian Journal of Political Science ◽

10.1017/s0008423900036775 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 261-269

Author(s):

André Vachet

Keyword(s):

Political Institutions ◽

Political System ◽

Political Power ◽

Social Groups ◽

The Political ◽

Social Forces ◽

Parliamentary Democracy ◽

Social Division ◽

Western Democracy ◽

Vital Forces

Division of power and social integrationExplanation of some of the recent challenges to western democracy may be found in a re-examination of Montesquieu's thought. Here we find the theory of the separation of power to be far more complex than is implied in the simple divisions of legislature, executive, and judiciary. For Montesquieu, the separation of power is more a social division than a political or juridical one. He contemplated returning the organs of political power to various social forces, e.g. monarchy, aristocracy, and bourgeoisie, and that then the self-assertion of forces would be restrained by the resistance of other social groups. The realization of its goals would require every important social group to integrate itself both to society and to the state and to seek its goals through realization of the general good.Since Montesquieu's time, political structures would seem to have been very little changed even though social structures have been greatly altered by the rise of economic powers. Political institutions have been losing touch with the vital forces of society and these have had to find other channels of expression. The personalization of power, the rise of the executive, violence, and increasing paternalism may be viewed as phenomena of compensation by which attempts are being made to bridge the gap between the structures of political power and those of a society which has been restructured.Revigoration of parliamentary democracy would seem to require that all vital social forces be reintegrated into the political system and be given meaningful channels of political expression. Failure to make such changes opens the way to identification of the political powers with technocracy and the increasing general use of violence in the resolution of social problems.

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Social Division, Trust, and Reciprocity among Chinese Inmates

Research in Economics ◽

10.1016/j.rie.2021.06.004 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Han Liu ◽

Lucy F. Ackert ◽

Fang Chang ◽

Li Qi ◽

Yaojiang Shi

Keyword(s):

Social Division ◽

Trust And Reciprocity

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How Time is More than Money: The Mural as a Labour of Love

Orbit Writing Around Pynchon ◽

10.20919/exs.11.2021.277 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1-22

Author(s):

Struan Kennedy

Keyword(s):

Northern Ireland ◽

Race Relations ◽

United States Of America ◽

Cost Efficiency ◽

The United States ◽

Critical Discussion ◽

Community Relations ◽

Social Connections ◽

Social Division ◽

Central Argument

This article proposes that of all the different ways that social connections are formed the most important factor is time. Given how central it is to the development of relationships, the article argues that projects aiming to improve community relations should extend their duration rather than truncate it for the sake of cost-efficiency or quick and apparent success. The project of specific focus is the making of community murals which is laden with potential but only when it is conceived in the entirety of the process rather than simply as an end product. This potential is based on the idea that more time, if used carefully and critically, can play a greater role in fostering positive relations in contexts where civic engagement is strained. Several case studies will be referenced from the United States of America and Northern Ireland, two societies that share both a tradition of mural making and social division, in terms of race relations and ethnonational/religious sectarianism respectively. Practical insights from these cases substantiate the central argument that the mural process affords moments for valuable cross-community contact, critical discussion, and meaningful reflection. When this approach is adopted, time can be best served in repairing social connections, creating new bonds and even mitigating further tension.

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Kinship among the Ġorbat of Babol

Anthropology of the Middle East ◽

10.3167/ame.2016.120204 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 46-59

Author(s):

Mitra Asfari

Keyword(s):

Crucial Role ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Child Labour ◽

Social Division ◽

The Social ◽

The Status ◽

Task Division ◽

Lack Of Knowledge

Abstract The Ġorbat are one of the peripatetic groups in Iran known colloquially as Kowli (Gypsy). In scientific literature, we notice a lack of knowledge about this group. The only image of Ġorbats for urban Iranians consists of begging children at crossroads. As the Ġorbat child plays a crucial role in the social division of tasks, the present study approaches this group from the perspective of the anthropology of childhood. Analysis of childcare practices, the status of children in the group and their duties towards adults reveal specific models of kinship among Ġorbats. In addition, child circulation within the lineage reveals certain invariables in the Ġorbat’s structure of kinship. Thus, we can explain new modifications in the group’s task division and the underlying logics of child labour.

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Rhetorical Unity and Social Division: A Longitudinal Study of Change in Australian Self-Stereotypes

Asian Journal Of Social Psychology ◽

10.1111/1467-839x.00039 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 265-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. Alexander Haslam ◽

Penelope J. Oakes ◽

Katherine J. Reynolds ◽

Justin Mein

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Social Division

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Composing Robot Production Systems: Japan as a Flexible Manufacturing System

Environment and Planning A Economy and Space ◽

10.1068/a250923 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 25 (7) ◽

pp. 923-944 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

J Patchell

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Flexible Manufacturing ◽

Manufacturing System ◽

Flexible Manufacturing System ◽

Production Systems ◽

Division Of Labour ◽

Social Division ◽

Social Divisions ◽

Specific Skill

In this paper, case-study evidence of the composition of four robot production systems is provided to reveal the linkages between local, regional, and national social divisions of labour. The relation-specific skill epitomizes the sophisticated procedures used to compose production systems, and the four case studies provide evidence of the communalities and varieties of these procedures. The geography of the interrelationships of the vertical divisions of labour of design-supplied suppliers and of the horizontal division of labour of design-approved suppliers is discussed. The cooperation and competition within this social division of labour allows Japan to function as a flexible manufacturing system.

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