Stigma and Spiritual Well-being among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Southern Appalachia

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the food consumption, dietary habits and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and adults whose HIV status is not established.DesignCross-sectional descriptive survey.SettingThika and Bungoma Districts, Kenya.SubjectsA random sample of 439 adults; 174 adults living with HIV/AIDS and 265 adults whose HIV/AIDS status was not established in Thika and Bungoma Districts.ResultsMajority of PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to build up the immune system and help maintain adequate weight, and there is little variety in the foods they consume. More adults who are HIV-positive are undernourished than those whose status is not established. Of the HIV-positive adults, those with a BMI of ≤18·5 kg/m2 were 23·6 % (Thika 20·0 % and Bungoma 25·7 %) while of the adults whose status is not established those with BMI ≤ 18·5 kg/m2 were 13·9 % (Thika 9·3 % and Bungoma 16·7 %).ConclusionsAdults who are HIV-positive are more likely to be undernourished than those whose status is not established, as there is a significant difference (P = 0·000) between the nutritional status (BMI) of PLWHA and those whose HIV/AIDS status is not established. PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to promote their nutritional well-being and health.

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Community-based HIV/AIDS interventions to promote psychosocial well-being among people living with HIV/AIDS: a literature review

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1080/21642850.2013.822798 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 31-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Liyun Wu ◽

Xiaoming Li

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Well Being ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Community Based ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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More cautious, more optimistic: Australian people living with HIV/AIDS, 1997–1999

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1258/0956462011923903 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 670-676 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jeffrey Grierson ◽

Richard de Visser ◽

Michael Bartos

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Survey Study ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

The Social ◽

Clinical Profiles ◽

New Treatments ◽

Study Participants ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire ◽

Hiv Aids

The aim of this study was to assess whether the lives of Australian people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have improved to the extent hoped for following the introduction of new antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for HIV. In 1997, 925 Australian PLWHA completed the first national survey of the social impacts of HIV/AIDS. In 1999, 924 Australian PLWHA were recruited for a repeat of the survey. Study participants completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. The data revealed that although new ARV drugs have improved the clinical profiles of many PLWHA, there have not been corresponding improvements in the physical well-being, levels of employment, or financial circumstances of many PLWHA. Nevertheless, PLWHA express favourable attitudes toward ARV drugs. Australian PLWHA have a complex relationship with their ARV medication that is likely to change over time as their HIV disease progresses and new treatments become available.

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Assessing the psychological well-being of caregivers of people living with HIV/AIDS in Niger Delta region, Nigeria

AIDS Care ◽

10.1080/09540121.2010.516340 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 494-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Festus Abasiubong ◽

Emem A. Bassey ◽

Olawale O. Ogunsemi ◽

John A. Udobang

Keyword(s):

Niger Delta ◽

Well Being ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Delta Region ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Niger Delta Region ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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Impact of Mental wellbeing and Quality of Life on Depression, Anxiety and Stress among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA)

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0301.147 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bhavna Mukund ◽

Rejani Thudalikunil Gopalan

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

The Impact ◽

Mental Well Being ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) manifest a wide range of stress responses ranging from disbelief, denial, fear to extreme conditions of anxiety disorders, depression and even suicidal thoughts. These complications can have a significant impact on daily functioning and greatly diminish quality of life. Mental wellbeing and Quality of Life can help in better management of stress and facilitate adaptive coping among PLWHA. Aim: The research examined the impact of mental wellbeing and Quality of Life on Depression, Anxiety and Stress among people living with HIV/AIDS infection. Research Design: Cross sectional survey design was used. Sample: A sample of 60 people (males and females of equal number) over the age of 18 years and with the diagnosis for HIV/AIDS for more than six months participated in the study. Tools used: To assess the depression, anxiety and stress among PLWHA, DASS scale was used and to assess their psychological wellbeing, Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being scale was used. In order to assess their present status of QOL regarding the illness, WHO’s QOL HIV-BREF Scale was used. Results: Majority of the PLWHA had moderate level of anxiety and mild level of depression after being diagnosed. Most of the participants have positive mental well-being and had enhanced quality of life. Conclusion: A direct effect of mental wellbeing has been found on the depression, anxiety and stress among PLWHA indicating that higher the mental wellbeing of the PLWHA, the greater is the likelihood that they do not suffer from depression, exhibit less anxiety and are living a stress free life and vice versa. The study also found direct impact of QOL on psychological distress, depression and anxiety among PLWHA i.e. poor QOL of PLWHA makes them more prone to and vulnerable to stress, depression and anxiety and vice versa.

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The Effect of Religiously Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on the Psycho-Spiritual Well-Being of People Living with HIV

Philippine Social Science Journal ◽

10.52006/main.v3i3.245 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 33-43

Author(s):

Jose Leonardo L. Degillo ◽

Lisa Anna M. Gayoles

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Well Being ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Single Session ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Before And After ◽

Spiritual Well Being ◽

Living With Hiv

This study determined the effect of Religiously Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (RCBT) on the psycho-spiritual well-being of people living with HIV (PLHIV). A one-group pretest-posttest design was employed to determine the effect of RCBT on the psycho-spiritual well-being of PLHIV. The Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI) and the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire (SWBQ) were used to measure psychological well-being and spiritual well-being, respectively. The intervention was a single session RCBT. The participants were PLHIV from the Philippine Catholic HIV/AIDS Network (PhilCHAN) Western Visayas group. The results of the study revealed a statistically significant increase in the psychological well-being of the PLHIV before and after the RCBT. Although there was an increase in the spiritual well-being of the PLHIV after the RCBT, it was not statistically significant. The findings suggest implications for the inclusion of RCBT in the services provided for PLHIV to improve their psycho-spiritual well-being.

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Personal features and well-being as predictors of meaning in life among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs) in Nigeria

10.5348/p13-2016-7-oa-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Meaning In Life ◽

Well Being ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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Impacts of HIV Stigma on Psychosocial Well-Being and Substance Use Behaviors Among People Living With HIV/AIDS In China: Across the Life Span

AIDS Education and Prevention ◽

10.1521/aeap.2018.30.2.108 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 108-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chen Zhang ◽

Xiaoming Li ◽

Yu Liu ◽

Yuejiao Zhou ◽

Zhiyong Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Well Being ◽

Hiv Stigma ◽

Psychological Status ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Coping Skill ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

The Impact ◽

Hiv Aids

To date, existing studies have indicated that stigma against people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) negatively affects their psychosocial well-being, and the impact may differ by age. In the current study, we aim to assess the impact of various types of stigma on PLWHA's psychological status and concomitant substance use. We explored different types of HIV stigma with psychosocial well-being and substance use employing mixed effect models among 2,987 Chinese PLWHA. Multivariate analyses revealed that each type of HIV stigma is positively associated with psychosocial distress, but negatively related to resilience and self-esteem across all age groups of PLWHA, with enacted stigma showing the strongest impact. Stigmatized PLWHA are more likely to smoke and use drugs, especially among the < 35 and 35–49-year-old groups. Age-specific interventions should be implemented to enhance PLWHA's stigma coping skill for improving their psychological health and reducing substance use in China and worldwide.

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Spirituality in the Life of People with HIV in Light of Neuman’s Systems Model

International Archives of Medicine ◽

10.3823/2633 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Fatima Maria da Silva Abrão ◽

Verônica Mirelle Alves Oliveira Pereira ◽

Regina Célia de Oliveira ◽

Carlos Roberto Lyra da Silva ◽

Amanda Regina da Silva Góis

Keyword(s):

Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽

Well Being ◽

Deficiency Syndrome ◽

University Hospital ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Exploratory Research ◽

Systems Model ◽

Dynamic Relationship ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: since its discovery as the etiological agent of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has infected 75.7 million people worldwide Due to the specific characteristics of the Brazilian population, it is considered that spirituality, or spiritual well-being, is an important factor in the way individuals face the HIV/AIDS problematic and its consequences. To understand the spirituality of living with HIV in the light of Neuman's Systems Model. Method: qualitative, descriptive-exploratory research in the light of the Systems Model proposed by Betty Neuman. Data collection took place between the months of March and August 2016 in an outpatient clinic specialized in the treatment of patients with HIV/AIDS of a university hospital located in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Thirty people living with HIV participated in the study. The data were collected through a questionnaire and an interview with a semi-structured script and underwent categorical content analysis. Results: the understanding of spirituality in living with HIV is presented in three categories: the discovery of the diagnosis and the initial reactions: stressors that affect the lines of defense; the spiritual and religious search: protection when stressors penetrate the lines of defense; and the influence of faith combined with ART in living with HIV: dynamic relationship of the variable spirituality with the other variables. Conclusion: the applicability of the theory can provide important gains to the patient living with HIV/AIDS, generating a way to ensure the strengthening and establishment of lines of defense during their daily lives, and thus maintaining the balance of the patient's system, as well as the harmonic relationship between its variables and the environment.

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