Against the Current: Exploring the Experiences of Five Fathers With a History of Substance Use

AbstractIntroductionSubstance abuse remains one of the major challenges in young people, as it is one of the top five causes of disability-adjusted life years (DALY). The present study aims to find the prevalence and determinants of substance use among young people attending an urban primary health center in Delhi.MethodologySystematic random sampling was used to enroll the calculated sample size of 190. Substance use was assessed using ASSIST (an Alcohol Smoking Substance Involvement Screening Tool) and brief intervention was given based on the standard guidelines of ASSIST. The total score among the substance users is calculated and divided into Grades 1, 2 or 3. Log binomial regression was performed to quantify the association between substance use and covariates such as age, sex, education, occupation, family history of substance use, socio-economic status and family type. The association was expressed in odds ratio (OR) with 95 percent confidence interval (CI).ResultThe mean age of study participants was 18.6 ± 4.1, ranges from 10 to 24 years. Out of 48 substance users, 43.7% were consuming only tobacco, 22.9% were consuming only alcohol and 33.3% were polysubstance users. The history of substance use among family members of participants was found to be 46.3%. Median substance involvement score of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis users was 19 (IQR: 14.5–22), 19 (IQR: 13.5–25) and 22.5 (IQR: 22–23), respectively. Among tobacco users, 2.7% were Grade 1 and 7.2% were Grade 2. Four (16%), 20 (80%) and one (4%) of alcohol users were Grades 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Among the cannabis users, four (100%) were in the Grade 2 category. The median age of initiation of substance use among users was 16 (range 13–21) years. The analysis shows substance use was almost 25 times (adjusted OR = 25.84, 95% CI 5.65–118.09) more common among males and it increase by 2.5 times with a decrease in socio-economic status (adjusted OR = 2.52, 95% CI 1.27–5.02) and the result is significant. The substance use was almost 7 times higher when there is a family history of substance usage (adjusted OR = 7.40, 95% CI 2.15–25.4). Residential and marital status were not significantly associated with substance use.ConclusionMale sex, lower socio-economic status, participants currently not going to school/college, family history of substance use were found to be significant predictors of substance use among the study participants.

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White matter integrity and functional connectivity in adolescents with a parental history of substance use disorder

Neuroimage: Reports ◽

10.1016/j.ynirp.2021.100037 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 100037

Author(s):

Xiaofu He ◽

Diana V. Rodriguez-Moreno ◽

Yael M. Cycowicz ◽

Keely Cheslack-Postava ◽

Huilan Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

White Matter ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Substance Use Disorder ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

Parental History ◽

History Of

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Common Mental Disorders and Substance Use in School Children of Eastern Nepal

Journal of Psychiatrists Association of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpan.v8i1.26331 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

P Sharma ◽

N Thakur ◽

S Sharma ◽

M Pokharel

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Substance Use ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

School Mental Health ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Common Mental Health Problems ◽

Current Scenario ◽

History Of

Introduction: School mental health is one of the important areas where early detection can lead to appropriate early intervention and burden of disease can be minimized. There is dearth of prevalence studies of common mental disorders on school going adolescents in Nepal. Considering this we aimed to study the prevalence of common mental health problems and substance use in school going adolescents. Material And Method: We evaluated 240 students for common mental disorders (depression and anxiety) using translated version of PHQ-4 and substance use single validated question after taking consent from school authorities and assent from students. Results: It was seen that 68.8 % students had psychological distress. 22.9 % and 27.5% of students had anxiety and depression respectively on screener and 23.3% students had use of substance at least once within a year. When compared male had significantly higher number of substance use as compared to female but no difference in PHQ-4 scores were seen when compared between gender and history of substance use. Conclusion: The study shows the current scenario of school going adolescents in Nepal and highlights the need of prevalence data on more generalizable setting.

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The Influence of Paternal Separation, Paternal History of Alcohol Use Disorder Risk, and Early Substance Use on Offspring Educational Attainment by Young Adulthood

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs ◽

10.15288/jsad.2017.78.426 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 78 (3) ◽

pp. 426-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brooke E. Sadler ◽

Julia D. Grant ◽

Alexis E. Duncan ◽

Carolyn E. Sartor ◽

Mary Waldron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Educational Attainment ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

History Of ◽

Disorder Risk

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Does family history of alcohol problems influence college and university drinking or substance use? A meta-analytical review

Addiction ◽

10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03903.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 107 (10) ◽

pp. 1774-1785 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Jennifer C. Elliott ◽

Kate B. Carey ◽

Katherine E. Bonafide

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Family History ◽

Alcohol Problems ◽

College And University ◽

Analytical Review ◽

History Of

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Understanding the interplay of individual and social–developmental factors in the progression of substance use and mental health from childhood to adulthood

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579416000274 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 721-741 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tiffany M. Jones ◽

Karl G. Hill ◽

Marina Epstein ◽

Jungeun Olivia Lee ◽

J. David Hawkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Substance Use ◽

Social Environments ◽

Developmental Factors ◽

Substance Use Problems ◽

History Of ◽

Individual Functioning ◽

Family History Of Depression ◽

History Of Depression

AbstractThis study examines the interplay between individual and social–developmental factors in the development of positive functioning, substance use problems, and mental health problems. This interplay is nested within positive and negative developmental cascades that span childhood, adolescence, the transition to adulthood, and adulthood. Data are drawn from the Seattle Social Development Project, a gender-balanced, ethnically diverse community sample of 808 participants interviewed 12 times from ages 10 to 33. Path modeling showed short- and long-term cascading effects of positive social environments, family history of depression, and substance-using social environments throughout development. Positive family social environments set a template for future partner social environment interaction and had positive influences on proximal individual functioning, both in the next developmental period and long term. Family history of depression adversely affected mental health functioning throughout adulthood. Family substance use began a cascade of substance-specific social environments across development, which was the pathway through which increasing severity of substance use problems flowed. The model also indicated that adolescent, but not adult, individual functioning influenced selection into positive social environments, and significant cross-domain effects were found in which substance-using social environments affected subsequent mental health.

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