Nutrients management strategies to improve yield and quality of sugar beet in semi-arid regions

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the type member of the genus Orthotospovirus in the family Tospoviridae and order Bunyavirales. TSWV, transmitted by several species of thrips, causes significant disease losses to agronomic and horticultural crops worldwide, impacting both the yield and quality of the produce. Management strategies include growing virus-resistant cultivars, cultural practices, and managing thrips vectors through pesticide application. However, numerous studies have reported that TSWV isolates can overcome host-plant resistance, while thrips are developing resistance to pesticides that were once effective. RNA interference (RNAi) offers a means of host defence by using double-stranded (ds) RNA to initiate gene silencing against invading viruses. However, adoption of this approach requires production and use of transgenic plants and thus limits the practical application of RNAi against TSWV and other viruses. To fully utilize the potential of RNAi for virus management at the field level, new and novel approaches are needed. In this review, we summarize RNAi and highlight the potential of topical or exogenous application of RNAi triggers for managing TSWV and thrips vectors.

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VARIEDADES DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE REPOSIÇÃO HÍDRICA POR GOTEJAMENTO SUBSUPERFICIAL

ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA ◽

10.17224/energagric.2019v34n3p350-363 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 350-363

Author(s):

Anderson Ramos de Oliveira ◽

Marcos Brandão Braga

Keyword(s):

Water Availability ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Sugarcane Juice ◽

Sugarcane Varieties ◽

Raw Sugar ◽

Technological Quality ◽

Subsurface Drip ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

VARIEDADES DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE REPOSIÇÃO HÍDRICA POR GOTEJAMENTO SUBSUPERFICIAL ANDERSON RAMOS DE OLIVEIRA1, MARCOS BRANDÃO BRAGA2 1 Embrapa Semiárido, Rodovia BR-428, Km 152, Zona Rural, 56302-970, Petrolina, PE, Brasil, [email protected] 2 Embrapa Hortaliças, Rodovia BR-060, Km 09, Fazenda Tamanduá, 70275-970, Brasília, DF, Brasil, [email protected] RESUMO: A região semiárida brasileira apresenta grande potencial de produção de cana-de-açúcar. Contudo, verifica-se que existem oscilações na produção devido à baixa e irregular disponibilidade hídrica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o comportamento de variedades de cana-de-açúcar irrigadas por gotejamento subsuperficial submetidas a diferentes lâminas de irrigação. O experimento foi conduzido no Campo Experimental de Bebedouro, na Embrapa Semiárido, em Petrolina, PE. Foram realizadas análises de produtividade e de qualidade tecnológica do caldo. As variedades com maior tolerância ao déficit hídrico foram RB92579 e RB961003, pois alcançam máxima produtividade utilizando-se menor lâmina de reposição hídrica, em torno de 80% da ETc. A qualidade tecnológica do caldo apontou diferenças no °Brix e na porcentagem bruta de açúcares das variedades que reduziram em função do aumento da reposição hídrica. Contudo, estas diferenças não foram limitantes à qualidade tecnológica. Sendo assim, o cultivo das variedades RB92579 e RB961003 sob menor lâmina de reposição hídrica pode ser recomendado, pois as mesmas atingem alta produtividade e mantém a qualidade tecnológica do caldo. Palavras-chave: biomassa, irrigação, estresse hídrico, regiões semiáridas. SUGARCANE VARIETIES SUBMITTED TO DIFFERENT WATER REPLENISHMENT DEPTHS BY SUBSURFACE DRIP ABSTRACT: Brazilian semi-arid region presents great potential for sugarcane production. However, due mainly to low and irregular water availability, there are fluctuations in production. This study proposed to evaluate the performance of sugarcane varieties irrigated by subsurface drip, submitted to different water replenishment depths. The experiment was carried out at Campo Experimental de Bebedouro, belonging to Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina, PE, Brazil. Productivity and technological quality of sugarcane juice analysis were performed. The varieties with higher tolerance to water deficit were RB92579 and RB961003, which reached maximum productivity using lower water replenishment depths of ETc, around 80%. Technological quality of sugarcane juice showed differences in °Brix and raw sugar percentage of varieties that reduced due to water replacement depths increasing. However, these differences were not limiting to the technological quality of sugarcane juice. In summary, the cultivation of RB961003 and RB92579 cultivars under lower water replenishment depth can be recommended, because they maintain the technological quality of sugarcane juice. Keywords: biomass, irrigation, water stress, semi-arid regions.

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Saflufenacil Carryover Injury Varies among Rotational Crops

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-d-11-00080.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 177-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Darren E. Robinson ◽

Kristen E. McNaughton

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Sugar Beet Plant ◽

Root Weight ◽

Carrot Root ◽

Field Corn ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Weight Yield

Trials were established in 2007, 2008, and 2009 in Ontario, Canada, to determine the effect of soil residues of saflufenacil on growth, yield, and quality of eight rotational crops planted 1 yr after application. In the year of establishment, saflufenacil was applied PRE to field corn at rates of 75, 100, and 200 g ai ha−1. Cabbage, carrot, cucumber, onion, pea, pepper, potato, and sugar beet were planted 1 yr later, maintained weed-free, and plant dry weight, yield, and quality measures of interest to processors for each crop were determined. Reductions in dry weight and yield of all grades of cucumber were determined at both the 100 and 200 g ha−1rates of saflufenacil. Plant dry weight, bulb number, and size and yield of onion were also reduced by saflufenacil at 100 and 200 g ha−1. Sugar beet plant dry weight and yield, but not sucrose content, were decreased by saflufenacil at 100 and 200 g ha−1. Cabbage plant dry weight, head size, and yield; carrot root weight and yield; and pepper dry weight, fruit number and size, and yield were only reduced in those treatments in which twice the field corn rate had been applied to simulate the effect of spray overlap in the previous year. Pea and potato were not negatively impacted by applications of saflufenacil in the year prior to planting. It is recommended that cabbage, carrot, cucumber, onion, pepper, and sugar beet not be planted the year after saflufenacil application at rates up to 200 g ha−1. Pea and potato can be safely planted the year following application of saflufenacil up to rates of 200 g ha−1.

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