scholarly journals An efficient, accurate and clinically-applicable index of content word fluency in Aphasia

Aphasiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Reem S. W. Alyahya ◽  
Paul Conroy ◽  
Ajay D. Halai ◽  
Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
Keyword(s):  
Content Word ◽  
Word Fluency

Erlangen Instrument of Alternating Word Fluency in Dementia

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Engel ◽  
Roland Rupprecht ◽  
Richard Mahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Word Fluency

scholarly journals The Impact of Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy on Executive Functions

2021 ◽  
pp. 097275312096875
Author(s):  
Haritha Koganti ◽  
Shasthara Paneyala ◽  
Harsha Sundaramurthy ◽  
Nemichandra SC ◽  
Rithvik S Kashyap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
The Impact

Background: Idiopathic generalized epilepsy is defined as seizures with a possible hereditary predisposition without an underlying cause or structural pathology. Assessment of executive dysfunction in idiopathic generalized epilepsies based on standard Indian battery is not available in the literature. Aims and Objectives: To assess specific executive functions affected in patients with idiopathic epilepsy and their association with various variables. Materials and Methods: Type of observational cross-sectional study, where clinical profile of all idiopathic epilepsy patients attending the neurology OPD was studied and their executive higher mental functions were assessed using the NIMHANS battery. Results: A total of 75 idiopathic generalized epilepsy patients were included in the study. Executive functions that were commonly found abnormal in our study were word fluency ( P ≤ .001), category fluency ( P < .001), verbal n-back ( P < .001), Tower of London ( p < 0.01), and Stroop test ( P < 0.01). Executive functions showed a significant correlation with age at symptom onset, duration of epilepsy, and in those with uncontrolled seizures. Conclusion: Patients of idiopathic generalized epilepsy according to the present study were found to have significant executive dysfunction in multiple domains. This necessitates the screening for executive dysfunctions, which if detected should prompt the clinician to initiate cognitive retraining.

Cognition, structural brain changes and complicated grief. A population-based study

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1389-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Saavedra Pérez ◽  
M. A. Ikram ◽  
N. Direk ◽  
H. G. Prigerson ◽  
R. Freak-Poli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Total Brain Volume ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Total Brain ◽  
Fluency Task ◽  
Structural Brain

BackgroundSeveral psychosocial risk factors for complicated grief have been described. However, the association of complicated grief with cognitive and biological risk factors is unclear. The present study examined whether complicated grief and normal grief are related to cognitive performance or structural brain volumes in a large population-based study.MethodThe present research comprised cross-sectional analyses embedded in the Rotterdam Study. The study included 5501 non-demented persons. Participants were classified as experiencing no grief (n = 4731), normal grief (n = 615) or complicated grief (n = 155) as assessed with the Inventory of Complicated Grief. All persons underwent cognitive testing (Mini-Mental State Examination, Letter–Digit Substitution Test, Stroop Test, Word Fluency Task, word learning test – immediate and delayed recall), and magnetic resonance imaging to measure general brain parameters (white matter, gray matter), and white matter lesions. Total brain volume was defined as the sum of gray matter plus normal white matter and white matter lesion volume. Persons with depressive disorders were excluded and analyses were adjusted for depressive symptoms.ResultsCompared with no-grief participants, participants with complicated grief had lower scores for the Letter–Digit Substitution Test [Z-score −0.16 v. 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.36 to −0.04, p = 0.01] and Word Fluency Task (Z-score −0.15 v. 0.03, 95% CI −0.35 to −0.02, p = 0.02) and smaller total volumes of brain matter (933.53 ml v. 952.42 ml, 95% CI −37.6 to −0.10, p = 0.04).ConclusionsParticipants with complicated grief performed poorly in cognitive tests and had a smaller total brain volume. Although the effect sizes were small, these findings suggest that there may be a neurological correlate of complicated grief, but not of normal grief, in the general population.

Prototypicality of responses of autistic, language disordered, and normal children in a word fluency task

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Dunn ◽  
Hilary Gomes ◽  
Mary Joan Sebastian
Keyword(s):  
Word Fluency ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Fluency Task

scholarly journals Differential effects of body mass index on domain-specific cognitive outcomes after stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minwoo Lee ◽  
Mi Sun Oh ◽  
San Jung ◽  
Ju-Hun Lee ◽  
Chul-Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Z Scores

AbstractAlthough the obesity paradox is an important modifiable factor in cardiovascular diseases, little research has been conducted to determine how it affects post-stroke cognitive function. We aimed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and domain-specific cognitive outcomes, focusing on the subdivision of each frontal domain function in post-ischemic stroke survivors. A total of 335 ischemic stroke patients were included in the study after completion of the Korean-Mini Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE) and the vascular cognitive impairment harmonization standards neuropsychological protocol at 3 months after stroke. Frontal lobe functions were analyzed using semantic/phonemic fluency, processing speed, and mental set shifting. Our study participants were categorized into four groups according to BMI quartiles. The z-scores of K-MMSE at 3 months differed significantly between the groups after adjustment for initial stroke severity (p = 0.014). Global cognitive function in stroke survivors in the Q1 (the lowest quartile) BMI group was significantly lower than those in Q2 and Q4 (the highest quartile) BMI groups (K-MMSE z-scores, Q1: − 2.10 ± 3.40 vs. Q2: 0.71 ± 1.95 and Q4: − 1.21 ± 1.65). Controlled oral word association test findings indicated that phonemic and semantic word fluency was lower in Q4 BMI group participants than in Q2 BMI group participants (p = 0.016 and p = 0.023 respectively). BMI might differentially affect cognitive domains after ischemic stroke. Although being underweight may negatively affect global cognition post-stroke, obesity could induce frontal lobe dysfunctions, specifically phonemic and semantic word fluency.

Word Fluency Test Performance in Primary Progressive Aphasia and Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lucia Scheffel ◽  
Joseph R. Duffy ◽  
Edythe A. Strand ◽  
Keith A. Josephs
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Primary Progressive ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fluency Task

Purpose This study compared performance on three-word fluency measures among individuals with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS), and examined the relationship between word fluency and other measures of language and speech. Method This study included 106 adults with PPA and 30 adults with PPAOS. PPA participants were divided into three clinical subgroups: semantic (svPPA), logopenic (lvPPA), and nonfluent/agrammatic with or without apraxia of speech (nfPPA). Category fluency, letter fluency, and action/verb fluency tasks were administered to all participants. Results The four clinical groups performed abnormally on the word fluency measures, although not to a degree that represented high sensitivity to their PPA or PPAOS diagnosis. All PPA subgroups produced fewer words compared to individuals with PPAOS on all word fluency measures. Moderate correlations were found between word fluency and aphasia severity and naming performance in some of the clinical groups. Conclusions Word fluency measures are often challenging for individuals with PPA and PPAOS, but they are not of equal difficulty, with letter fluency being the most difficult. Differences among word fluency tests also vary to some degree as a function of the clinical group in question, with least impairment in PPAOS. However, the findings of this study do not support statistically significant differences in word fluency task performance among the PPA subgroups. Correlations suggest that word fluency performance in PPA is at least partly related to aphasia severity.

One night sleep restriction impairs the cortical oxygenation responses

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1560-1560
Author(s):  
S. Miyata ◽  
A. Noda ◽  
M. Ito ◽  
K. Iwamoto ◽  
N. Ozaki
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Night Sleep ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Neurobehavioral Function ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Fluency Task

IntroductionSleep restriction has adverse effects on performance and neurobehavioral function. However, the mechanism of impaired performance and neurobehavioral function has not been studied yet.ObjectivesWe examined the effect of insufficient sleep on cerebral blood flow and cognitive function in 8 healthy adults (mean age 22.4 years).MethodsAll participants were in bed for 8 h (sufficient sleep), and for < 4 h (insufficient sleep). The oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) level by a word fluency task was measured with a near-infrared spectroscopy recorder on the morning following sufficient and insufficient sleep periods. Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST), continuous performance test (CPT) and N-back test were evaluated on the same days.ResultsThe peak oxyHb level was significantly lower in the left and right frontal lobes after insufficient sleep than after sufficient sleep (left: 0.25 ± 0.10 vs. 0.70 ± 0.29 mmol, P < 0.05; right: 0.23 ± 0.13 vs. 0.73 ± 0.22 mmol, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the number of words generated during the word fluency task between sufficient and insufficient sleep states. The percentage of correct responses on CPT after insufficient sleep was significantly lower than that after sufficient sleep (86.6 ± 10.2 vs. 96.0 ± 4.9%, P < 0.05). The reaction time of WCST was significantly longer after insufficient sleep than after sufficient sleep (76.6 ± 13.4 vs. 70.6 ± 16.2 sec, P < 0.05).ConclusionsOne night sleep restriction decreased the concentration changes of oxyHb in brain tissue, leading to impaired cognitive function.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document