Getting to the Core of Close Reading: What do we Really Know and What Remains to be Seen?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-116
Author(s):  
Jodi G. Welsch ◽  
Jennifer Jones Powell ◽  
Valerie J. Robnolt
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Nathan Coombs

This chapter argues against the Hegelian-Marxist narrative, in which Lenin’s reading of the Science of Logic in 1914 led him to refound Marxist dialectics. Through a close reading of Lenin’s Philosophical Notebooks it is shown that although he made withering remarks about Engels’s and Plekhanov’s dialectics, this did not lead Lenin to reject the core principles of dialectical materialism. Indeed, it is demonstrated that Lenin neither intended to nor accomplished a refoundation of Marxist dialectics in 1914. The notion of quantity-quality leaps Lenin adds to his works from the time onwards show him less as an innovator in Marxist philosophy and more as a keeper of the flame of dialectical materialist orthodoxy.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Daniella Ysabel B. dela Cruz

The paper aims to perform a close reading of Singaporean short story author Stephanie Ye. Using formalism as the core discipline, the researcher aims to develop and explain the concepts of time and memory presented by the author. In addition, a critique of the writing style and syntax in relation to the themes of the story will be tackled as well.  


Author(s):  
Rachel Fulton Brown

By the later Middle Ages, every man, woman, or child, cleric or lay, who could read would have known the Hours or ‘Little Office’ of the Virgin Mary. Even those who could not read the Office in full would have known to recite its opening antiphon (Ave Maria) at the appropriate hours of the day. This chapter argues that a close reading of the texts of the Hours themselves is necessary to appreciate fully the place that Mary held in the hearts and minds of her medieval devotees. Through the hymns, antiphons, and psalms that make up the core of her Office, Mary is revealed as above all the temple in which God made himself present to the world, the Lord whom the psalmist called upon to make his face shine on his people. It was with this understanding of Mary that her medieval devotees sought to serve her through the recitation of her Hours.


Author(s):  
Justin R. Ritzinger

This chapter offers an analysis of Taixu’s Maitreyan theology through a close reading of his commentaries on the Three Essentials—the texts he identified as the cult’s foundation. These were the “Chapter on Knowing Reality,” the Yoga Bodhisattva Prātimokṣa, and the Sutra of Maitreya’s Ascent. It argues that Taixu found in these texts, and in his interpretations augmented, indigenous analogues to the key values that inspired him as a young anarchist: science, a revolutionary ethic, and utopia. These texts further allowed him to bring these values into meaningful relationship with the core Buddhist good of Buddhahood.


2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine Defoort

AbstractIn order to introduce Mozi's thought, almost every contemporary textbook on Chinese philosophy refers to his ten novel theses or dogmas, which have been preserved as the titles of the Core chapters (8–37): to elevate the worthy, to conform upward, to care for all, to condemn military aggression, to moderate expenses as well as burials, to acknowledge the will of Heaven and the percipient ghosts, and to condemn music as well as fatalism. Through a close reading of the Mozi and other early sources written by or attributed to masters, this paper argues, first, that these ten core ideas may not have been promoted by the earliest spokesmen of Mohism but gradually emerged while various layers of the book Mozi were written, and, second, that these ten ideas were not consistently attributed to early Mohism by Zhou and Han masters: their association of Mo with these specific mottos is limited and inconsistent. A focus on the most well-known motto – “care for all” – shows that there was no awareness of its belonging exclusively to one thinker or school. The difference between the earliest and the contemporary characterizations of Mozi sheds new light not only on early Mohism, but also on our preconceptions when reading early sources.


2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-545
Author(s):  
Johannes L. Kurz

AbstractThis paper is about a rebellion in southern China in the first half of the tenth century and its depiction in historical sources from the tenth to the seventeenth centuries. At the core of this study is Zhang Yuxian, the rebel leader, and his allegiance to a spirit. The latter suggested moving from Guangdong, the territory of the Southern Han empire (917–971), and the original area of the rebellion, to Jiangxi, the territory of the Southern Tang empire (937–976). The approach of the paper is twofold: first, it examines the historical setting and context; and second, through a close reading of some of the major features of the sources, such as the labelling of Zhang as ayaozei, the adoption of red clothes by the rebels, and so forth, the essay makes evident the close relationship and dependency between successive historical texts.


2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-460
Author(s):  
Eleonora Vratskidou

Abstract This essay departs from documenta 14’s reading of Gustave Courbet’s drawing Alms from a Beggar at Ornans (1868) in the opening room of the Neue Galerie in Kassel and seeks to unravel the complex aesthetic and semantic web drawn across the exhibits in the room in relation to the drawing. Based on this close reading, the article critically engages with some of the core concepts of documenta 14’s curatorial project including solidarity, hospitality, alternative economies, and non-reciprocal forms of exchange, in order to reflect on the discrepancies embedded in the radical public rhetoric of the show.


Méthexis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADRIANA RENERO

In disagreement with Claudia Baracchi's controversial thesis that there is a 'simultaneity and indissolubility' if not an 'identity' of intelligence (nous) and perception (aisthēsis) at the core of Aristotle's philosophy, I will argue that Aristotle maintains a fundamental distinction between these cognitive faculties. My goal in this paper is to examine specific parts of two central and complex passages, VI.8, 1142al2-30 and VI. 11, 1143a33-bl5, from the Nicomachean Ethics to show that Baracchi's view is unpersuasive. I will show that Aristotle considers nous to be a different capacity than mere perception and one through which particulars and indemonstrable principles become intelligible. Moreover, I will show that Aristotle considers that the objects of nous differ in kind from those that sensation (our senses) and perception (inference from our senses) grasp. After examining critically Baracchi's thesis in light of a close reading of those two relevant passages, I will conclude the paper by showing the significance of Aristotle's claim that a state is defined in terms of its objects of apprehension for understanding the distinction between nous and aisthēsis.


Author(s):  
Zed Adams ◽  
Jacob Browning

This introduction revisits a number of Haugeland’s most influential essays and organizes them around five themes: holism about the mental, the dependence of intentionality on sociality; the mind as embodied and extended; the essential normativity of objectivity and truth; and the existential commitment necessary for an authentic life. It demonstrates the centrality and interconnectedness of these themes through a close reading of Haugeland’s magnum opus, “Truth and Rule-Following.” The introduction also discusses the historical influence of these essays in cognitive science, philosophy of mind, philosophy of science, Heidegger studies, and the development of the Pittsburgh School. It aims to encourage re-reading of Haugeland’s most important texts, as well as to compel philosophers to grapple with his guiding belief that giving a damn is at the core of what it means to be human.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sarah Crowther

Horror and comedy. Screaming and laughing. Two genres and the visceral responses which they provoke, broadly considered to be polarised, apparently juxtaposed. This thesis argues that horror and comedy can be significantly more cohesive in their thematic traits, visual presentation and narrative events, than might initially be considered. Expanding a relatively underexplored academic field and building on the work of Paul (1994), the doctorate explores gross-out cinema and television in both theory and praxis. Part One opens with scholarly exploration of core theories of genre, horror and comedy. Semiotic and historical analysis and close reading of key texts in the horror, comedy, and hybrid horror comedy genre identifies and considers shared representation across the genres. Analysed texts include The Evil Dead series (1981-1992), Grimsby (2016), Nighty Night (2004-2005) and Braindead (1992). The core shared themes and representations across the genres are posited as abjection, excess and absurdity. Each of these elements is then explored in context of the tension of horror and humour co-present in the grotesque (Thomson, 1972). The paradoxical pleasure in reception (often in the disgust response) is found to align to the transgressions of the carnivalesque, and moreover, the carnivalesque grotesque (Danow, 1995, Bakhtin, 1974 et al.). These findings are then uniquely applied in praxis in Part Two in the original feature length film script Knitters! in which the women of the Potter’s Bluff Townswomen’s Guild must face an indestructible supernatural foe in an isolated Lake District resort. In the Lake District no-one can hear you scream! The Part Three exegesis reflects rigorously on the application of thesis findings in praxis, alongside detailed gnosis of the practical construction of a feature length script including close consideration of plotting, narrative pacing and characterisation.


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