Second records and redescriptions of two rare thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the southwestern Pacific

Two thecate hydroids, Carpocladus fertilis Vervoort & Watson, 2003 (family Aglaopheniidae Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890) and Gonaxia constricta (Totton, 1930) (family Gonaxiidae Maggioni, in Galea & Maggioni, 2021), are recorded for the first time from off New Caledonia, thus outside their original area of distribution in New Zealand waters. Specimens of both sexes of C. fertilis occur in the present collection, allowing the first description of its so far unknown female gonothecae. The trophosome of G. constricta, the only known to date, is thoroughly redescribed, pending the discovery of its gonothecae.

Studies on the Systematics and Anatomy of New Zealand Earthworms

<p>The study of New Zealand earthworms has been extensive, but has been confined principally to the systematics of the group. Only one family of the Oligochaeta, the Megascolecidae, is represented in the endemic fauna, but within this family, over eighty species, belonging to seventeen genera, have been recorded and described. Apart from the Megascolecidae, certain species, lumbricids, worldwide in their distribution, are present and are regarded as having been introduced through the agency of man. The family Megascolecidae is confined almost entirely to the Southern hemisphere, and the southern regions of the Northern hemisphere, and within these regions, the greatest number of species occur in New Zealand, South America, South Africa, and Australia. When the distribution of the Megascolecidae became known, in the late nineteenth century, its sporadic nature evoked a great deal of interest among zoo-geographers, since earthworms, being terrestrial, and unable to tolerate immersion in salt water, form an ideal basis for the consideration of dispersal problems among terrestrial animals as a whole. The interest thus aroused in the Megascolecidae led to much work on the group in New Zealand. Michaelsen (1913 (b)) accounts for the predominance of the Megascolecidae in the southern continental areas by postulating that originally the family had a wide distribution in the nothern and southern continents, and that other families (e.g. the Glossoscolecidae), evolved more recently in the northern continents, have gradually superseded the Megascolecidae in all but the most remote regions of their original area of distribution. Matthew (1915) came to a similar conclusion in regard to the origin of present southern faunas in the course of his work on the distribution and evolution of the Mammalia. Evidence in favour of Michaelsen's conclusions can also be derived from the distribution of slugs, spiders, Collembola, Coleoptera, littoral Echinoderms, Polychaeta and Brachiopoda in the southern land masses.</p>

Studies on the Systematics and Anatomy of New Zealand Earthworms

<p>The study of New Zealand earthworms has been extensive, but has been confined principally to the systematics of the group. Only one family of the Oligochaeta, the Megascolecidae, is represented in the endemic fauna, but within this family, over eighty species, belonging to seventeen genera, have been recorded and described. Apart from the Megascolecidae, certain species, lumbricids, worldwide in their distribution, are present and are regarded as having been introduced through the agency of man. The family Megascolecidae is confined almost entirely to the Southern hemisphere, and the southern regions of the Northern hemisphere, and within these regions, the greatest number of species occur in New Zealand, South America, South Africa, and Australia. When the distribution of the Megascolecidae became known, in the late nineteenth century, its sporadic nature evoked a great deal of interest among zoo-geographers, since earthworms, being terrestrial, and unable to tolerate immersion in salt water, form an ideal basis for the consideration of dispersal problems among terrestrial animals as a whole. The interest thus aroused in the Megascolecidae led to much work on the group in New Zealand. Michaelsen (1913 (b)) accounts for the predominance of the Megascolecidae in the southern continental areas by postulating that originally the family had a wide distribution in the nothern and southern continents, and that other families (e.g. the Glossoscolecidae), evolved more recently in the northern continents, have gradually superseded the Megascolecidae in all but the most remote regions of their original area of distribution. Matthew (1915) came to a similar conclusion in regard to the origin of present southern faunas in the course of his work on the distribution and evolution of the Mammalia. Evidence in favour of Michaelsen's conclusions can also be derived from the distribution of slugs, spiders, Collembola, Coleoptera, littoral Echinoderms, Polychaeta and Brachiopoda in the southern land masses.</p>

Land-Use Readjustment For Roi Et Government Centre, Thailand

This paper aims to present the planning and design of Roi Et provincial government center master plan according to the land use readjustment theoretical framework in the urban design process. This approach maintains the basis that the uniqueness of the original area should be maintained, and the effectiveness of the area application should be increased, and thereby increasing the efficiency of space utilization. The results of the study include, respectively, the scoping of the study area, the investigation of the existing land uses and accessibility, and the readjusting the land uses with the concept of mix-use planning. Moreover, it is suggested that there should be further studies about the architectural styles showing the uniqueness of Roi Et city, water management for watering plants, and planting design of local species.

KAMPUNG VERTIKAL SEBAGAI STRATEGI URBAN RENEWAL DI KAMPUNG LUMUMBA, SURABAYA

Kampung is a settlement that have unique characteristic both in physical and socio-cultural condition. Kampung development process tends to be natural and non-formal, but mainly have faced the environmental degradation and lack of facilities. This forced the government to have some intervention in developing kampung housing by perform an urban renewal. Due to the problem of scarcity of land, urban renewal strategy of kampung has to be developed vertically. This also consider the social context that the rearrangement of kampung area is not done by relocating the local residents, but rearranging the original area to improve the community through environmental, social and economic quality improvement.

Parasitoids of Agricultural Importance Collected at Atlantic Forest Biomes in Brazil: A Bibliographic Summary

Its ecological processes evolved from the eocene, when the continents were already relatively willing as they are today . Currently, the Atlantic Forest has only 7%. of its original area Parasitoids are organisms that cause the death of their hosts to complete their development and act as parasites only in the larval stage, when they develop in only one host, with adults having a free life.This manuscript consists of the elaboration of a bibliographic summary of the parasitoids collected in Atlantic Forest biomes. A bibliographic research was carried out that contained published works in the years 2002 to 2021.

Antu Language in the Sangin Oral Narrative of the Sihans in Sarawak

This article discusses the Sihan community and one of their traditional oral narratives, known as sangin. Sihan is an indigenous ethnic group residing in Belaga, Sarawak, Malaysia, and sangin is an activity that can be considered a folklore, narrative in manner, and performed for entertainment and native remedy. Data on the community in this study was obtained through interviews with 71 Sihan informants in Belaga, Sarawak, Malaysia. The sangin by one of its practitioners was recorded during the community’s leisure activities. The recorded sangin song, delivered in the style of storytelling, narrated for entertainment, not for remedy purposes. The description of the sangin indicates that the language in the oral tradition, called antu language (language of the spirit) is very different from the modern, every day Sihan language used by its speakers. In terms of usage, sangin can be considered extinct because of the reduced number of Sihan speakers (only 218 left) and lessening number of sangin practitioners (only three remain). Sangin as a native remedy no longer has a place in the community with the availability of modern medical treatment, the mass migration of the Sihans from their original area, and the change in the Sihans’ life style, from nomadic to community life.

Independent living of an elderly person with non-family, community support, and consequent prevention of lonely death: A case of Soma Idobata-Nagaya after the 2011 Fukushima disaster

The construction of apartment buildings after the disaster and the way of living there fostered the social capital of the original area. Community formation made it possible for elderly people living alone to respond to emergencies and prevent lonely death. It can be proposed to the future super-aging society.

Ukrainian texts from Bosnia and Herzegovina

The paper deals with the texts recorded in the Ukrainian language (Upper Dniestrian dialect) by the author during field researches in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the descendants of immigrants from Galicia. The texts are given in phonetic notation, thematically they cover the sphere of material and spiritual traditional culture. In addition to the dialect phenomena, characteristic of the original area of resettlement, numerous contact phenomena are found in narratives, primarily at the lexical level.

A forgotten rodent from the Garden of Eden: what really happened to the long-tailed nesokia rat in the Mesopotamian marshes?

The greater part of expected mammalian extinctions will be of smaller-bodied mammals, including rats which are more generally known only as pests and carriers of pathogens. We address the long-tailed nesokia rat, which is among the least studied Palaearctic mammals. The species is known from merely five specimens, collected between March 1974 and January 1977 within a radius of 30 km around Qurna inside the seasonally flooded Mesopotamian marshes in southern Iraq. In the 1990s, this extensive aquatic habitat has been deliberately reduced to <15% of its original area and the IUCN expressed fear that such a disaster “almost certainly” caused the extinction of the long-tailed nesokia. Although the interventions after 2003 reversed the shrinking trend and marshes started to expand, the continuous presence of the long-tailed nesokia could not be unambiguously confirmed. We provide meagre evidence suggesting that the rat might be still present in the marshes. Next, our habitat modelling shows that the area of the long-tailed nesokia might be more extensive than expected with a highly suitable habitat covering 15,650 km2 of Mesopotamian marshland in Iraq (between Basra and Salah Ad Din provinces) and the Hawizeh Marshes in the adjacent Iranian Khuzestan.