The rebellion of Zhang Yuxian 張遇賢 (942–943)

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-545
Author(s):  
Johannes L. Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
The Core ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Original Area

AbstractThis paper is about a rebellion in southern China in the first half of the tenth century and its depiction in historical sources from the tenth to the seventeenth centuries. At the core of this study is Zhang Yuxian, the rebel leader, and his allegiance to a spirit. The latter suggested moving from Guangdong, the territory of the Southern Han empire (917–971), and the original area of the rebellion, to Jiangxi, the territory of the Southern Tang empire (937–976). The approach of the paper is twofold: first, it examines the historical setting and context; and second, through a close reading of some of the major features of the sources, such as the labelling of Zhang as ayaozei, the adoption of red clothes by the rebels, and so forth, the essay makes evident the close relationship and dependency between successive historical texts.

Manuscript Catalogs and Inventories of Books from the Lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania – Some Problems of Publishing Rules

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 107-121
Author(s):  
Lilia Kowkiel ◽  
Arvydas Pacevičius ◽  
Iwona Pietrzkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Digital Form ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Grand Duchy ◽  
Book Culture

Historians and publishers of historical sources have a lot of problems with the texts written in different languages and alphabets, which were created at different times, in the multilingual areas inhabited by many nations following different religions. The historians of book culture have the same problems with texts of inventories and catalogues of books, which are the primary source of knowledge about the content of libraries. At present it’s also important the historical texts to be published in the digital form. This article is a part of the discussion on this very important subject.

The Erotic Family: Structures and Narratives of Milk Kinship in Premodern Japanese Tales

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Sachi Schmidt-Hori
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Indirect Method ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Affective Labor ◽  
The Core ◽  
Premodern Japan ◽  
Wet Nurse

This essay proposes that “milk kinship,” which upper-class individuals in premodern Japan formed with their milk kin—a menoto (wet nurse) and a menotogo (foster sibling)—occupies the core of an institutionalized erotic fosterage. In this “menoto system,” the surrogate mother's lactating body and erotic-affective labor became the connective tissue to bind two interclass families, creating a symbiosis that fortified the existing sociopolitical power structures. Around the tenth century, many vernacular tales started to feature menoto characters. While a typical menoto is the protagonist's homely, asexual, motherly confidante, her derivative construct—the menotogo of the protagonist—is often cast in an erotic light. In the four texts examined in this essay, menotogo valorize their erotic agencies to benefit their charges through sexual-affective labor or through an indirect method. The latter entails the formation of a “love square” in which two menotogo become lovers and then help their respective charges do the same.

Grammothele hainanensis sp. nov. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) and related species from Hainan, southern China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 255 (2) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
FANG WU ◽  
LI-WEI ZHOU ◽  
XIAO-HONG JI ◽  
XUE-MEI TIAN ◽  
SHUANG-HUI HE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Pore Surface ◽  
Corticioid Fungi ◽  
Hyphal System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Phylogenetic Perspective ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Morphological Differences

Grammothele and Theleporus have a shallow pore surface, which makes them morphologically close to corticioid fungi. However, from a phylogenetic perspective, they are polyphyletic genera within the core polyporoid clade of the Polyporales. Eight specimens with a shallow pore surface from Hainan, southern China, were morphologically and phylogenetically studied. Among them, one was determined as Grammothele denticulata, four were identified as Theleporus membranaceus, and three are described as Grammothele hainanensis. G. hainanensis is characterized by the annual and resupinate basidiocarps with poroid to irpicoid hymenophore, a dimitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and weakly dextrinoid skeletal hyphae, the presence of cystidioles, hyphal pegs and dendrohyphidia, and cylindrical, hyaline and thin-walled basidiospores. It is closely related to G. quercina in phylogeny. Morphologically, G. quercina differs in producing perennial basidiocarps with cream to pale greyish and larger pores. The morphological differences among the new species and other species were analyzed.

The Cycle of Agathias: New Identifications Scrutinised

1969 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. McCail
Keyword(s):  
Recent Article ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Dead Man ◽  
Published Account

The Cycle of sixth-century epigrams edited by Agathias Scholasticus is the subject of a recent article by Mr and Mrs A. Cameron (JHS lxxxvi [1966] 6 ff.), who argue cogently that it was published in the early years of Justin II, and not the later years of Justinian, as has hitherto been supposed. Ca. also suggest identifications for many of the poets and imperial officials who figure in the Cycle. They do not, however, exhaust all the identifications that can be made, and some of those suggested by them require amplification or correction. Furthermore, Ca.'s view of the dating of the Cycle leads them, it seems to me, to underestimate its Justinianic character. The following observations are offered without prejudice to the merit of Ca.'s article as a whole.Among the Cyclic poets, only Julian the ex-Prefect of the East stands in close relationship to the political life of the age. His involvement in the Nika insurrection of 532 is attested by historical sources and, as Ca. claim (13), by two epigrams of the Anthology. The latter, however, contain difficulties passed over by Ca. In the first place, of the two epigrams on the cenotaph of Hypatius, only AP vii 591 is certainly from Julian's pen; vii 592 is unattributed in the Palatine MS., a fact which Ca. omit to mention. (It is absent from the Planudean MS.) The state of affairs in P is no accident, vii 591, though eulogising the dead man and alluding openly to the casting of his corpse into the sea, is moderate in tone, and would have caused no more offence to Justinian than Procopius's published account of the affair.

Lenin’s Philosophy: A New Dialectics of Revolution?

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Coombs
Keyword(s):  
Dialectical Materialism ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Marxist Philosophy ◽  
Science Of Logic ◽  
The Core

This chapter argues against the Hegelian-Marxist narrative, in which Lenin’s reading of the Science of Logic in 1914 led him to refound Marxist dialectics. Through a close reading of Lenin’s Philosophical Notebooks it is shown that although he made withering remarks about Engels’s and Plekhanov’s dialectics, this did not lead Lenin to reject the core principles of dialectical materialism. Indeed, it is demonstrated that Lenin neither intended to nor accomplished a refoundation of Marxist dialectics in 1914. The notion of quantity-quality leaps Lenin adds to his works from the time onwards show him less as an innovator in Marxist philosophy and more as a keeper of the flame of dialectical materialist orthodoxy.

The cosmology of the early medieval emporia?

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Imaginary World ◽  
Central Places ◽  
The Relationship

This characteristically thoughtful essay by Frans Theuws illustrates how far our analysis of central places in the early Middle Ages has advanced. Like his study of Maastricht (2001), it reveals a close reading of the archaeological and historical sources. Indeed, as Michael McCormick's encyclopaedic volume (2001) on the origins of the medieval economy shows with stunning authority, as archaeologists we have taken huge strides since Philip Grierson quipped, ‘It has been said that the spade cannot lie, but it owes this merit in part to the fact that it cannot speak’ (1959, 129). Hence it comes as no surprise that Theuws is exploring the ‘relationship between forms of exchange and the imaginary world from which “value” is derived’ (p. 121).

Getting to the Core of Close Reading: What do we Really Know and What Remains to be Seen?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-116
Author(s):  
Jodi G. Welsch ◽  
Jennifer Jones Powell ◽  
Valerie J. Robnolt
Keyword(s):  
Close Reading ◽  
The Core

scholarly journals Comparative analysis and characterization of the gut microbiota of four farmed snakes from southern China

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Jing Ren ◽  
Daode Yang ◽  
Shuoran Liu ◽  
Xinguo Gong
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Host Species ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Elaphe Carinata ◽  
Deinagkistrodon Acutus

Background The gut microbiota plays an important role in host immunity and metabolic homeostasis. Although analyses of gut microbiotas have been used to assess host health and foster disease prevention and treatment, no comparative comprehensive study, assessing gut microbiotas among several species of farmed snake, is yet available. In this study, we characterized and compared the gut microbiotas of four species of farmed snakes (Naja atra, Ptyas mucosa, Elaphe carinata, and Deinagkistrodon acutus) using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene in southern China and tested whether there was a relationship between gut microbiotal composition and host species. Results A total of 629 operational taxonomic units across 22 samples were detected. The five most abundant phyla were Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria, while the five most abundant genera were Bacteroides, Cetobacterium, Clostridium, Plesiomonas, and Paeniclostridium. This was the first report of the dominance of Fusobacteria and Cetobacterium in the snake gut. Our phylogenetic analysis recovered a relatively close relationship between Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Alpha diversity analysis indicated that species richness and diversity were highest in the gut microbiota of D. acutus and lowest in that of E. carinata. Significant differences in alpha diversity were detected among the four farmed snake species. The gut microbiotas of conspecifics were more similar to each other than to those of heterospecifics. Conclusion This study provides the first comparative study of gut microbiotas among several species of farmed snakes, and provides valuable data for the management of farmed snakes. In farmed snakes, host species affected the species composition and diversity of the gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Genome Organization and Adaptive Potential of Archetypal Organophosphate Degrading Sphingobium fuliginis ATCC 27551

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2557-2562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarwar Azam ◽  
Sunil Parthasarathy ◽  
Chhaya Singh ◽  
Shakti Kumar ◽  
Dayananda Siddavattam
Keyword(s):  
Core Genome ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Organophosphate Hydrolase ◽  
The Core ◽  
Close Relationship

Abstract Sphingobium fuliginis ATCC 27551, previously classified as Flavobacterium sp. ATCC 27551, degrades neurotoxic organophosphate insecticides and nerve agents through the activity of a membrane-associated organophosphate hydrolase. This study was designed to determine the complete genome sequence of S. fuliginis ATCC 27551 to unravel its degradative potential and adaptability to harsh environments. The 5,414,624 bp genome with a GC content of 64.4% is distributed between two chromosomes and four plasmids and encodes 5,557 proteins. Of the four plasmids, designated as pSF1, pSF2, pSF3, and pSF4, only two (pSF1 and pSF2) are self-transmissible and contained the complete genetic repertoire for a T4SS. The other two plasmids (pSF3 and pSF4) are mobilizable and both showed the presence of an oriT and relaxase-encoding sequences. The sequence of plasmid pSF3 coincided with the previously determined sequence of pPDL2 and included an opd gene encoding organophosphate hydrolase as a part of the mobile element. About 15,455 orthologous clusters were identified from among the cumulatively annotated genes of 49 Sphingobium species. Phylogenetic analysis done using the core genome consisting of 802 orthologous clusters revealed a close relationship between S. fuliginis ATCC 27551 and bacteria capable of degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbon compounds. Genes coding for transposases, efflux pumps conferring resistance to heavy metals, and TonR-type outer membrane receptors are selectively enriched in the genome of S. fuliginis ATCC 27551 and appear to contribute to the adaptive potential of the organism to challenging and harsh environments.

Conceptual-historical analytical research model: a means for applying history to contemporary marketing problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-420
Author(s):  
Anthony McMullan ◽  
Stephen Dann
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Model ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
Embedded Knowledge ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Marketing Problems

Purpose This paper aims to present a new model of marketing analysis that is capable of using the embedded knowledge that sits untapped in the history of marketing thought to solve contemporary marketing problems – the conceptual-historical analytical research model (CHARM). Design/methodology/approach This paper outlines the evolution of historical analysis methods (HAM), along with critiques and enhancements of the prior processes offered by Savitt (1980), Nevett (1991) and Golder (2000). From these foundations, the paper outlines the components of the model of historical analysis, detailing the development of the analytical template design. It also details the four-step process of engaging structured revisits of past knowledge for contemporary problem-solving. Findings The CHARM for problem-solving in marketing is a knowledge-gathering system that informs marketing decisions addressing contemporary problems. This is achieved through the use of embedded knowledge from a corpus of historical texts. Research limitations/implications This paper provides a method for future researchers to apply for replicable examination of historical texts and to assist intercoder reliability for multi-author history projects through the application of structured templates. Practical implications The CHARM for problem-solving in marketing is a knowledge-gathering system that informs marketing decisions addressing contemporary problems. This is achieved through the use of embedded knowledge from a corpus of historical texts. Originality/value The CHARM process applies a systematic protocol for engaging qualitative sources for historical analysis through preset data collection templates, structured analysis frameworks and definitional understanding templates for improved replicability. This paper presents a new model of approaching historical analysis through a problem-solving lens, whereby historical sources become the foundations for the solution to a problem, rather than just the literature review that identifies the presence of gap.

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