The effects of government policies on cereal consumption pattern change in the Gambia

Abstract Government policies to curb the Covid-19 pandemic have drastically changed the pattern of energy demand worldwide. Closed borders and international travel bans have changed consumption patterns and reduced transport use, thus significantly lowering carbon emissions in several countries, particularly urban areas in the Southeast Asia region. Based on these conditions, the study aimed to analyze carbon dioxide emissions generated by the transportation sector in the Special Region of Yogyakarta during the pandemic. The required data, serving as research objects, included fuel consumption, fuel sales, transportation sector activities, road sections, and road density derived from the Transportation Department’s traffic cameras and BPS-Statistics Indonesia. Google Form was also used to collect information for fuel consumption pattern analysis. The Covid-19 - Google Global Mobility Report was used to map trends of change in the respondents’ activity and mobility. The results showed that, from 2019 to 2020, the fuel consumption decreased by 74 kL/year and the CO2 emissions by 169,865 tons/year. Government policies, including the large-scale social activity restrictions implemented for the first time in the region, have influenced community mobility trends across different categories of places.

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Markets for Purchased Farm Inputs

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2005-6-60-71 ◽

2005 ◽

pp. 60-71

Author(s):

E. Serova ◽

O. Shick

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Policy ◽

Financial Constraints ◽

Information Sources ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Government Policies ◽

Market Institutions ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Government Organizations ◽

The Impact ◽

Farm Inputs

Russian policy makers argue that agriculture suffers from decapitalization due to financial constraints faced by producers. This view is the basis for the national agricultural policy, which emphasizes reimbursement of input costs and substitutes government and quasi-government organizations for missing market institutions. The article evaluates the availability of purchased farm inputs, the efficiency of their use, the main problems in the emergence of market institutions, and the impact of government policies. The analysis focuses on five groups of purchased inputs: farm machinery, fertilizers, fuel, seeds, and animal feed. The information sources include official statistics and data from two original surveys.

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Tourism awareness as a tourism development strategy: status of the issue

RECUBRIMIENTO COMESTIBLE CON BASE DE PIÑON MEXICANO (Jatropha curcas) SOBRE LA CALIDAD DE CHAYOTE MINIMAMENTE PROCESADO ◽

10.32854/agrop.v13i9.1750 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

Author(s):

M.I. Rosas-Jaco ◽

S.X. Almeraya-Quintero ◽

L.G. Guajardo-Hernández

Keyword(s):

Development Strategy ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Local Development ◽

Local Population ◽

Host Community ◽

Government Policies ◽

Training Manual ◽

Environmental Development ◽

Main Engine ◽

The Relationship

Objective: Tourism has become the main engine of economic, social and environmental development in several countries, so promoting tourism awareness among tourists and the local population should be a priority. The present study aims to suggest a status of the research carried out on the topic of tourism awareness. Design / methodology / approach: The type of analysis is through a retrospective and exploratory bibliometric study. The analysis materials were scientific articles and a training manual published between 2000 and 2020, registered by Scopus, Emerald insight and Dialnet, using “tourism awareness” as the keyword. Results: When considering the three senses in which tourism awareness ought to operate, it is concluded that studies are more focused on the relationship and contact of the host community with the tourist. It is observed that four out of six articles in this sense consider that education, training, and government policies around tourism awareness should be developed in a better way in the destinations, in order to be an element that contributes to the development of communities and reduces poverty in developing countries. Study limitations / implications: It is considered a limitation not to include thesis dissertations. Findings / conclusions: It is necessary to make visible the importance of tourism awareness as a local development strategy for communities, in addition to including tourism awareness on the part of tourists.

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