Markets for Purchased Farm Inputs

2005 ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
E. Serova ◽  
O. Shick
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Farm Inputs

Russian policy makers argue that agriculture suffers from decapitalization due to financial constraints faced by producers. This view is the basis for the national agricultural policy, which emphasizes reimbursement of input costs and substitutes government and quasi-government organizations for missing market institutions. The article evaluates the availability of purchased farm inputs, the efficiency of their use, the main problems in the emergence of market institutions, and the impact of government policies. The analysis focuses on five groups of purchased inputs: farm machinery, fertilizers, fuel, seeds, and animal feed. The information sources include official statistics and data from two original surveys.

scholarly journals The Impact of Political Activities on PSX: The Evidence from Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol III (II) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Sami Ur Rahman ◽  
Ihtesham Khan ◽  
Muhammad Faizan Malik
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Political Events ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this research study is to find the association between political events in Pakistan and Pakistans stock exchange. The study considered 10 most big political events in Pakistan in the duration of 2012 to 2017. To calculate the results, the study used moving average method for calculating expected and abnormal returns. Further, t-statistics is used to explore the relationship between political events and behavior of PSX (100). The study has explored in results that political events, on which investor believes some change in Government policies do have impact on PSX. Investors respond positively when government organizations look strong and free from political pressure. The study recommended that government should make strong their organization, rather than alter government policies frequently.

scholarly journals Free Market Institutions and FDI Performance in Emerging Asian Economies

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Klimis Vogiatzoglou
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Asian Economies ◽  
Institutional System ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper examines long-term developments in the quality and efficiency of free market institutional systems across thirteen emerging economies from South, South-east, and East Asia over the 1995–2014 period. The paper also empirically assesses the impact of free market institutions on a country’s inward foreign direct investment (FDI) performance. We find that the free market institutional framework in most economies is still relatively inefficient, restrictive, and underdeveloped but has, nevertheless, substantially improved during the last twenty-year period. Our empirical results also indicate that a free market institutional system in a host-country is a factor that attracts inward FDI to emerging Asian economies by multinational companies. Consequently, policy makers should focus on further improving the quality of free market institutions.

scholarly journals An evaluation of permanent crops: Evidence from the “Plant the Future” project, Georgia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-222
Author(s):  
Lasha Zivzivadze ◽  
Tengiz Taktakishvili ◽  
Ekaterine Zviadadze ◽  
Giorgi Machavariani
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Future Project

Abstract Promoting investments in permanent crops is often considered by the government as a powerful measure to support long-term growth in agriculture. The same attitude is prevalent among agricultural policy makers in Georgia and hence, country’s government and the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture of Georgia initiate and coordinate projects facilitating new investments in permanent crops. The article deals with an evaluation of an impact of “Plant the Future” project in Georgia that provides funds for the potential beneficiaries for planting permanent crops. The structure and scope of the project are discussed in the article, and the relevant data regarding the area planted, financial impact, and beneficiaries for the period from 2015 to 2019 are analysed and the impact projection is made for the period of 2020–2043. Research showed that the target indicators of the project were fully achieved. In addition, there were a high demand from farmers to participate in this project and as a result, the budget spent in 2017–2019 exceeded the planned budget. The project appears to be beneficial in terms of net present values that are positive for all discussed discount rates, meaning that the benefits of the project are greater than costs. The return on investment of the project is around 10%, which is greater than the basic discount rate (8%). Social impact also seems to be high with 1,350 beneficiaries. According to the projection, from 2015 to 2024, around 3,000 beneficiaries will benefit from this project. In the methodology, five evaluation criteria are used, namely, relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, impact, and sustainability. Based on the evaluation, specific recommendations are given.

scholarly journals Perception and Drivers of Financial Constraints for the Sustainable Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7217
Author(s):  
Tamara Teplova ◽  
Tatiana Sokolova ◽  
Mariya Gubareva ◽  
Kristina Galenskaya ◽  
Andrey Teplov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Debt Market ◽  
The Impact

Financial market imperfections constrain firms’ ability to obtain funds. This is especially true for the former communist bloc countries. However, the restrictions on access to financing and the attitudes of management in these geographies remain overlooked by academic research and represent an important obstacle on the roadmap to sustainable development. The objective of this paper is to fill this gap by analyzing the impact of ownership structure, institutional environment development, and debt market profile on the perception of financial constraints by the representatives of corporate top management from 28 countries of the former communist bloc. Our analysis spans over the period 2002–2013. We apply the probit and Heckman models to investigate nonlinear and multicast effects of the considered factors. We evidence that during the crisis and post-crisis periods, foreign ownership alleviates the restrictions on access to financial resources. We also discuss the role of state ownership. We find that the volume of local currency bond market has a nonlinear U-shape relationship. Our results are useful for policy makers focused on sustainable development of the former communist economies by means of improving access of businesses to financing.

scholarly journals The Use of Extraneous Information in the Development of a Policy Simulation Model

1973 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryll E. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Policy Simulation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Extraneous Information ◽  
Aggregated Model ◽  
The Impact

A number of highly aggregated policy simulation models have been developed for the U.S. agricultural sector. While these models are useful in providing broad-stroke sketches of the effects of alternative farm policies, they have been criticized for their lack of commodity detail. Individuals, organizations and congressmen from a cattle producing state, as an example, are more interested in the impact of a changed agricultural policy on cattle prices and incomes than its effect on the income of all farmers. The reason most often given for not disaggregating by commodity groups is the researcher's reluctance to quantify opportunities for substitution among commodities in production and consumption. However, there may be more agreement on the relative magnitudes of supply and demand elasticities for individual commodities than the price elasticities of supply and demand for all farm output. Hence, a disaggregated model may distort reality much less than a highly aggregated model and at the same time provide detail on indirect effects of proposed policies that is so often sought by policy makers.

scholarly journals Legal Protection for Foreign Workers in Indonesia: Opportunities and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (`11) ◽  
pp. 1983-2002
Author(s):  
Hadry Harahap ◽  
Dr. Harris Oemar
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Investment Capital ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regulatory Challenges

The impact of globalization and the current free market in the form of movement of investment, capital and labor between countries is unavoidable. Indonesia, as a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), opens up opportunities for investment and foreign workers to run its business. The purpose of this research is to find out about legal protection for foreign workers in Indonesia as regulated by the 1945 Constitution and various other laws and regulations. This study uses a qualitative approach that is normative juridical, and the specification of the analysis of this research is carried out descriptively. The results show that the provisions regarding foreign workers in Indonesia still have many obstacles, especially in promoting investment, creating new regulatory challenges that may need to be responded to by policy makers in Indonesia quickly, and the right strategy is needed in the field of using foreign workers. although Law No. 11 of 2020 has been passed and optimizes the role of non government organizations (NGOs) as assisting institutions for foreign workers to increase awareness of human rights in Indonesia

Muong Livelihoods and the Role of Education in Their Development: A case study of a Muong community in Cam Thuy District, Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Viet Duc Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Mixed Method Approach ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Method Approach

<p>This dissertation is an attempt to clarify the role played by education in the livelihoods of the Muong minority people who live in remote mountainous areas of Vietnam. The argument focuses on critical factors that impact on livelihood performance such as livelihood assets, government policies and non-government programs. Indigenous mountain people, including the Muong, throughout their history have relied on natural resources to secure their livelihood. In the past it was thought that they lived sustainably in harmony with their environment but the impact of globalisation and the growth of the monetary economy has changed all this. Formerly isolated communities have been increasingly drawn into the modern state’s system of governance and this has resulted in reforms that, while considered good for the nation, have disadvantaged highland peoples. The views of policy makers and program designers are too often quite at odds with the needs of local indigenous people.  This study was conducted in Muot village in the Thanh Hoa Province of Vietnam. In the village 98% of the villagers are of Muong descent. The research used a mixed method approach which included the use of questionnaires to collect quantitative survey data from 154 of the total of 198 households (population 678) and 75 school aged children. I was also permitted to access data from a household poverty survey initiated and authorized by the provincial committee in which I participated as an enumerator. All of this data was supplemented by qualitative engagements with both the students and householders who had participated in the personal surveys. I used a handful of participant observation techniques including informal interviews, observations made in the course of household visits, village walks, and otherwise engaging with villagers as they went about their daily activities, and focus group discussions.  The mixed method approach enabled me to answer my principal questions: what are the current challenges faced by Muong in securing a livelihood? How effective are government policies in promoting economic development? How do they respond to government policies? What role does education play in Muong socioeconomic development? The content of both the quantitative and qualitative data collected was summarized in a format acceptable to SPSS, analyzed and subjected to critical analysis.  Understanding what indigenous Muong need is truly important for both scholars and policy makers in Thanh Hoa province as well as Vietnam as a whole. This study found that human capital is the most significant factor in improving sustainable livelihoods. It concluded that the case for improving human resources in remote mountainous areas is paramount and that the government and local people should do more to make the best of education. Integration into the national economy and mainstream life of the nation is inevitable and education has the capacity to make a major contribution to easing this process.</p>

Muong Livelihoods and the Role of Education in Their Development: A case study of a Muong community in Cam Thuy District, Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Viet Duc Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Mixed Method Approach ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Method Approach

<p>This dissertation is an attempt to clarify the role played by education in the livelihoods of the Muong minority people who live in remote mountainous areas of Vietnam. The argument focuses on critical factors that impact on livelihood performance such as livelihood assets, government policies and non-government programs. Indigenous mountain people, including the Muong, throughout their history have relied on natural resources to secure their livelihood. In the past it was thought that they lived sustainably in harmony with their environment but the impact of globalisation and the growth of the monetary economy has changed all this. Formerly isolated communities have been increasingly drawn into the modern state’s system of governance and this has resulted in reforms that, while considered good for the nation, have disadvantaged highland peoples. The views of policy makers and program designers are too often quite at odds with the needs of local indigenous people.  This study was conducted in Muot village in the Thanh Hoa Province of Vietnam. In the village 98% of the villagers are of Muong descent. The research used a mixed method approach which included the use of questionnaires to collect quantitative survey data from 154 of the total of 198 households (population 678) and 75 school aged children. I was also permitted to access data from a household poverty survey initiated and authorized by the provincial committee in which I participated as an enumerator. All of this data was supplemented by qualitative engagements with both the students and householders who had participated in the personal surveys. I used a handful of participant observation techniques including informal interviews, observations made in the course of household visits, village walks, and otherwise engaging with villagers as they went about their daily activities, and focus group discussions.  The mixed method approach enabled me to answer my principal questions: what are the current challenges faced by Muong in securing a livelihood? How effective are government policies in promoting economic development? How do they respond to government policies? What role does education play in Muong socioeconomic development? The content of both the quantitative and qualitative data collected was summarized in a format acceptable to SPSS, analyzed and subjected to critical analysis.  Understanding what indigenous Muong need is truly important for both scholars and policy makers in Thanh Hoa province as well as Vietnam as a whole. This study found that human capital is the most significant factor in improving sustainable livelihoods. It concluded that the case for improving human resources in remote mountainous areas is paramount and that the government and local people should do more to make the best of education. Integration into the national economy and mainstream life of the nation is inevitable and education has the capacity to make a major contribution to easing this process.</p>

Managing Service Quality, Food Quality, Price Fairness and Customer Retention: A Holistic Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ammar Ahmed ◽  
Rafat Naseer ◽  
Muhammad Asadullah ◽  
Hadia Khan
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Customer Retention ◽  
Price Fairness ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Restaurant Management ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Research Propositions ◽  
The Impact

In this competitive environment, organizations strive to satisfy their customer by providing best quality service at affordable and fair prices with a view to enhance their revenues. To achieve the objective of revenue maximization, organizations strive to identify the factors that help them in retaining their customers. Drawing from the signalling theory of marketing, the current study proposes a novel conceptual model representing the impact of service quality with food quality and price fairness on customer retention in restaurant sector of Pakistan. The paper underlines an important arena of knowledge for academicians as well as organizational scientists on the subject. On the basis of literature available on the variables understudy, the present study forwards eight research propositions worthy of urgent scholarly attention. The conceptualized model of the present article can also be viewed significant in unleashing further avenues for the restaurant management entities, policy makers and future researchers in the domain of managing in the service sector businesses.

Materialism and Green Purchase Intention: A Study of Urban Vietnamese Consumers

2017 ◽  
pp. 89-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Nguyen Thi Tuyet ◽  
Hung Nguyen Vu ◽  
Linh Nguyen Hoang ◽  
Minh Nguyen Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tpb Model ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

This study focuses on examining the impact of three components of materialism on green purchase intention for urban consumers in Vietnam, an emerging economy. An extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is applied as the conceptual framework for this study. The hypotheses are empirically tested using survey data obtained from consumers in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. The regression results show support for most of our hypotheses. The findings indicate that two out of three facets of materialism are significant predictors of green purchase intention. Specifically, success is found to be negatively related to purchase intention, while happiness is related positively to the intention. All three antecedents in the TPB model, including attitude towards green purchase, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control are also found to have positive impacts on purchase intention. The research findings are discussed and implications for managers and policy makers are provided.

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