Effect of narrow row-spacing and weed crop competition duration on cotton productivity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Nadeem Iqbal ◽  
Sudheesh Manalil ◽  
Bhagirath S. Chauhan ◽  
Steve W. Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Row Spacing ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Crop Competition

Effect of planting time and row spacing on growth and seed production of junglerice (Echinochloa colona) and feather fingergrass (Chloris virgata) in sorghum

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Caleb Squires ◽  
Gulshan Mahajan ◽  
Michael Walsh ◽  
Bhagirath S. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Crop Competition

Abstract Junglerice and feather fingergrass are major problematic weeds in the summer sorghum cropping areas of Australia. The objectives of this study were to investigate the growth and seed production of junglerice and feather fingergrass in crop-free (fallow) and under competition with sorghum planted in 50 cm and 100 cm row spacings at three sorghum planting and weed emergence timing. Results revealed that junglerice and feather fingergrass had greater biomass in early planting (November 11) compared with late planting time (January 11). Under fallow conditions, seed production of junglerice ranged from 12,380-20,280 seeds plant−1; with the highest seed production for the December 11 and lowest for the January 11 planting. Seed production of feather fingergrass under fallow conditions ranged from 90,030 to 143,180 seeds plant−1. Seed production of feather fingergrass under crop-free (fallow) was similar for November 11 and December 11 planting, but higher for the January 11 planting. Sorghum crop competition at both row spacings reduced the seed production of junglerice and feather fingergrass >75% compared to non-crop fallow. Narrow row spacing (50 cm) in early and mid- planted sorghum (November 11 and December 11) reduced the biomass of junglerice to a greater extent (88%-92% over fallow grown plants) compared with wider row spacing (100 cm). Narrow row spacing was found superior in reducing biomass of feather fingergrass compared with wider row spacing. Our results demonstrate that sorghum crops can substantially reduce biomass and seed production of junglerice and feather fingergrass through crop competition compared with growth in fallow conditions. Narrow row spacing (50 cm) was found superior to wider row spacing (100 cm) in terms of weed suppression. These results suggest that narrow row spacing and late planting time of sorghum crops can strengthen an integrated weed management program against these weeds by reducing weed growth and seed production.

INFLUENCE OF METHODS FOR SELECTION OF PLANTS AND WAYS OF SEEDING ON EFFICIENCY OF ORIGINAL SEEDS OF FLAX-DOLGUNETS GRROWING IN PRIMARY SEED BREEDING

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
Flax Seeds ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Seed Propagation ◽  
Selection Of

The results of scientific research are presented, which made it possible to develop less labor-intensive methods for selecting flax plants to grow original (updated) seeds. Studies have shown that a positive selection of tall plants of flax, compared with the accepted counterpart (control), increased seed yield 1.7-1.9 times. Moreover, plant homogeneity according to the main characteristics (height and fiber content in the stem) characterizing the varietal quality of grown seeds turned out to be at the control level. A negative selection, involving the removal of atypical plants, provided an increase in the output volume of seeds compared to the control by 3.9-4.1 times. This selection method did not reduce the varietal quality of seed material compared to the accepted analogue. With both selection methods, after combining typical plants, seeds with the same high germination rates were obtained (96-99 %). The breeding efficiency of the grown flax seeds using narrow-row sowing methods is shown. Studies have established that narrow-row sowing of seeds with a row-spacing of 7.5 and 6.25 cm compared with sowing by a wide-row method significantly increased their yield by 2.8-3.0 and 2.3-3.0 kg / ha, respectively. The greatest influence on the formation of seed yield in narrow-row sowing (6.25 cm) was exerted by the method of sowing, the part of which was 76.1 %. As the length of seed propagation of flax in creased (up to the uterine elite 2 years) in narrow-row sowing (6.25 cm) compared to broad-row, there was no decrease in quality indicators - germination and seed strength.

Production of Cotton on Narrow Row Spacing

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1109-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Williford
Keyword(s):  
Row Spacing ◽  
Narrow Row

Influence of row spacing and cultivar selection on annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) control and grain yield in chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulshan Mahajan ◽  
Kerry McKenzie ◽  
Bhagirath S. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Narrow Row

Annual ryegrass (ARG) (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) is a problematic weed for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) production in Australia. Understanding the critical period of control of ARG in chickpea is important for developing effective integrated management strategies to prevent unacceptable yield loss. Experiments were conducted over 2 years at the research farm of the University of Queensland, Gatton, to evaluate the effect of chickpea row spacing (25 and 75cm) and cultivar (PBA Seamer and PBA HatTrick) and ARG infestation period (from 0, 3 and 6 weeks after planting (WAP), and weed-free) on ARG suppression and grain yield of chickpea. Year×treatment interactions were not significant for any parameter, and none of the treatment combinations showed any interaction for grain yield. Average grain yield was greater (20%) with 25-cm than 75-cm rows. On average, PBA Seamer had 9% higher yield than PBA HatTrick. Average grain yield was lowest in season-long weedy plots (562kg ha–1) and highest in weed-free plots (1849kg ha–1). Grain yield losses were lower when ARG emerged at 3 WAP (1679kg ha–1). Late-emerged ARG (3 and 6 WAP) had lower biomass (4.7–22.2g m–2) and number of spikes (5–24m–2) than ARG that emerged early; at 0 WAP, weed biomass was 282–337g m–2 and number of spikes 89–120m–2. Compared with wide row spacing, narrow row spacing suppressed ARG biomass by 16% and 52% and reduced number of spikes of ARG by 26% and 48% at 0 WAP and 3 WAP, respectively. PBA Seamer suppressed ARG growth more effectively than PBA HatTrick, but only in the season-long weedy plots. Our results imply that in ARG-infested fields, grain yield of chickpea can be increased by exploring narrow row spacing and weed-competitive cultivars. These cultural tools could be useful for developing integrated weed management tactics in chickpea in combination with pre-emergent herbicides.

EFFECTS OF SEEDING RATE AND ROW SPACING ON AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GLENLEA, PITIC 62 AND NEEPAWA WHEATS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. BRIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Plot Design

Three cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), Glenlea, Pitic 62 and Neepawa, were grown in a seeding rate and row spacing experiment at two locations in 1972 and 1973. In a split-plot design, row spacings of 15, 23 and 30 cm were used as main plots, and subplot seeding rates of 33.6, 67.3 and 100.9 kg/ha were applied for each cultivar. Data were collected on yield, days to maturity, plant height, lodging, kernel weight and test weight. The few significant effects of row spacing indicated that narrow row spacings tend to increase yield and decrease days to maturity. Higher seeding rates per unit area generally resulted in higher yields for all cultivars and, to some extent, earlier maturity. Glenlea wheat seeded at 100.9 kg/ha gave the highest yield in all tests, and at this seeding rate took an average 125 days to reach maturity, compared to 120 days for Neepawa and 129 days for Pitic 62. Seeding rate had virtually no effect on height, kernel weight or test weight of any of the wheats.

Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) Control in Soybean (Glycine max) Grown in Rotations of 97- and 18-cm Row Spacings

Weed Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 748-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Shaw ◽  
Clyde A. Smith ◽  
Charles E. Snipes
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Split Application ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Narrow Row

Various 3-yr rotation sequences of 97- and 18-cm row spacings, with appropriate sicklepod control treatments within each row spacing, were implemented to evaluate sicklepod population and soybean yield at two locations. Alachlor plus metribuzin applied preemergence followed by either a postemergence-directed spray of metribuzin plus 2,4-DB or hand hoeing in 97-cm rows consistently reduced sicklepod populations. Reductions with 97-cm rows and preemergence-applied herbicides coupled with cultivation were not as great. At one location, using a split application of metribuzin preplant incorporated followed by preemergence with 18-cm rows reduced sicklepod populations if effective control measures had been used in wide rows the previous year, but the narrow-row treatments did not reduce sicklepod numbers if 18-cm rows had been used previously. Soil-applied metribuzin was more effective under high soil pH conditions, and sicklepod populations were reduced substantially whether the previous row spacing was 18 or 97 cm. After the third year, all plots were planted in 97-cm rows with no herbicides. No differences were found among sicklepod populations with any previous row spacing or sicklepod control program, indicating that, even with 3 yr of effective control, subsequent sicklepod populations were not affected.

Effects of row spacing and plant population on sweet sorghum yield

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (126) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
PM Martin ◽  
FM Kelleher
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrate

Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) was grown in an irrigated field trial at Richmond, New South Wales, to determine the effects of row spacing (30, 75, and 105 cm) and plant population (8 and 16 plants/m2) on yields of water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and dry matter. For both plant populations, narrow row spacing resulted in significantly greater dry matter and WSC yield, especially at seed maturity. Total dry matter and WSC yield also increased with increased plant population from 8 to 16 plants/m2. Much of the WSC yield advantage of reduced row spacing was attributed to greater photosynthetic productivity before anthesis, which resulted in higher WSC yield at anthesis and the production of taller, thicker stems, the volume of which was closely related to post-anthesis WSC accumulation

Effet du chiendent sur l'orge ensemencée à différents écartements entre les rangs et doses de semis

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pageau ◽  
G. F. Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Specific Weight ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Spike Density ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Narrow Row

A 4-yr study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two row spacings (10 and 20 cm) and five seeding rates of the cereal (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 viable seeds m−2) on the interference between quackgrass [Elymus repens (L.) Nevski] and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. 'Cadette'). Narrow row spacings had no effect on the yield of barley in presence or absence of quackgrass. However, seeding rates influenced the productivity and development of barley when quackgrass was present. At a seeding rate of 100 seeds m−2, the yield reduction caused by the presence of quackgrass was 41%. When barley was seeded at 500 seeds m−2, the yield reduction was 19%. These yield reductions were mainly attributed to a decrease of spike density. In presence of quackgrass, the specific weight, number of kernels per spike, number of spikes per plant, 1000-kernel weight, harvest index and N concentration of grain were reduced. In contrast to a decrease of the row spacing, increasing seeding rate can be used to reduce interference between quackgrass and barley. Key words: Barley, quackgrass, interference, row spacing, seeding rate

scholarly journals Studies on production techniques of some herb plants: II Row spacing and cutting height of dill herb (anethum graveolens L.)

1987 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
S. Hälvä
Keyword(s):  
Row Spacing ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Cutting Height

A study was undertaken to determine the row spacing and cutting height of dill to produce a good quality herb in terms of high proportion of leaves. The row spacings were 12.5 or 25 cm, and the herb was harvested to the stubbles of 7.5, 11 or 15 cm. The greatest dry leaf yield, 8 kg/100 m2, was achieved with the narrow row spacing and lowest stubble. The proportion of leaves of the dry herb was highest (68 %) when cut to the highest stubble. The difference in the yields between the cuttings of 7.5 and 15 cm was significant, only. The relation between the dry and fresh yields (11 %) remained unaffected.

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