INFLUENCE OF METHODS FOR SELECTION OF PLANTS AND WAYS OF SEEDING ON EFFICIENCY OF ORIGINAL SEEDS OF FLAX-DOLGUNETS GRROWING IN PRIMARY SEED BREEDING

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
Flax Seeds ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Seed Propagation ◽  
Selection Of

The results of scientific research are presented, which made it possible to develop less labor-intensive methods for selecting flax plants to grow original (updated) seeds. Studies have shown that a positive selection of tall plants of flax, compared with the accepted counterpart (control), increased seed yield 1.7-1.9 times. Moreover, plant homogeneity according to the main characteristics (height and fiber content in the stem) characterizing the varietal quality of grown seeds turned out to be at the control level. A negative selection, involving the removal of atypical plants, provided an increase in the output volume of seeds compared to the control by 3.9-4.1 times. This selection method did not reduce the varietal quality of seed material compared to the accepted analogue. With both selection methods, after combining typical plants, seeds with the same high germination rates were obtained (96-99 %). The breeding efficiency of the grown flax seeds using narrow-row sowing methods is shown. Studies have established that narrow-row sowing of seeds with a row-spacing of 7.5 and 6.25 cm compared with sowing by a wide-row method significantly increased their yield by 2.8-3.0 and 2.3-3.0 kg / ha, respectively. The greatest influence on the formation of seed yield in narrow-row sowing (6.25 cm) was exerted by the method of sowing, the part of which was 76.1 %. As the length of seed propagation of flax in creased (up to the uterine elite 2 years) in narrow-row sowing (6.25 cm) compared to broad-row, there was no decrease in quality indicators - germination and seed strength.

scholarly journals Effect of Spacing on Seed Yield of Indigenous Rangeland and Forage Grass Species Grown under Drip Irrigation

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Saleem K. Nadaf ◽  
Safaa M. Al-Farsi ◽  
Saleh A. Al-Hinai ◽  
Abdul Aziz S. Al-Harthi ◽  
Ahmed N. Al-Bakri
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Narrow Row

Two indigenous rangeland forage species, Cenchrus ciliaris and Coelachyrum piercei, were investigated for their response to varying inter-row (50 and 100-cm) and inter plant spacing (25, 50 and 100-cm) under drip irrigation along with the perennial popular forage, Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana). Expression of traits, such as plant stand, plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles and seed yield, differed under varying inter-row and inter-plant spacing in different harvests. The grass species produced higher seed yield due to less interplant competition under wider (100-cm) than under narrow row (50-cm) spacing. Chloris gayana produced highest mean seed yield in wider inter-plant spacing (100-cm) under both inter-row spacings, viz. 100-cm (488 kg/ha) and 50-cm (449 kg/ha), followed by Cenchrus ciliaris (449 kg/ha under 100-cm and 377 kg/ha under 50-cm row spacing) and Coelachyrum piercei (274 kg/ha under 100-cm and 210 kg/ha under 50-cm row spacing). In respect of seed quality for samples harvested selectively or in bulk, the three grasses showed very low germination when tested immediately (1-2 weeks) after harvest, not only for bulk seed (0 to 1.5%) but also for selected seed (0.8% to 2.8%). Mean germination of grass species recorded after 12 months of harvests was significantly greater (53 %) than that recorded after 5 months (34 %) of harvests. Of the three grass species, Cenchrus ciliaris recorded significantly (p<0.01) highest germination % (50 %) followed by Chloris gayana (41 %) and Coelachyrum piercei (39 %). Selected seeds had significantly (p<0.01) higher germination (53 %) than bulk seeds (33 %).Keywords: 

scholarly journals Productivity of oilseed flax depending on the use of pesticides and agrochemicals in the conditions of the Lower Volga region

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Nikolay Yurievich Petrov ◽  
Anna Grigorievna Borisova ◽  
Ivan Dmitrievich Eskov ◽  
Olga Lvovna Tenyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Presowing Treatment ◽  
Flax Seeds ◽  
Positive Effect

In the course of the research, the effect of dressing oil flax seeds (varieties VNIIMK 620 and Rucheyok) with an insect-fungicidal tank mixture on the preservation of crops from diseases and a complex of phytophages (in particular, flax flea beetles), and an increase in seed yield was revealed.  The presented agrotechnical and protective measures aimed at reducing the degree of infection and spread of fusarium (Fusarium lini Boll and Fusarium spp.) of the number of flax fleas (Aphthona, family Chrysomelidae).  The introduction of well-grounded methods of using fertilizers contributes not only to the growth and development of crops, increasing yields and quality of seeds, but also contributes to the preservation of soil fertility.  Presowing treatment of flax seeds with an insect-fungicidal tank mixture, followed by the introduction of mineral fertilizers N60P30K30 for cultivation, not only created a better protection of crops from disease and a decrease in the damage to the crop by infection in seeds, but also had a positive effect on seed yield.

Narrow row cotton in the Namoi valley. 1. Growth, yield and quality of four cultivars

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (84) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
GA Constable
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Fibre Strength ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Consistent Increase ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Crop Maturity

Field experiments were done in three successive seasons to determine the effects of cultivar and row spacing on growth, yield and quality of cotton. Narrow rows had a higher early season LAI than wide rows, but differences in LAI between row spacings disappeared by the peak flowering stage. Hopicala and Deltapine 16 had a higher LAI than Riverina Poplar and Super Okra M8. Narrow rows produced 28 per cent more fruiting points than wide rows, but this was not reflected as a consistent increase in yield, as fruit shedding was greater and boll size was smaller in narrow rows than in wide rows. Narrow rows yielded 44 per cent more than wide rows in 1972-73 but 7 per cent less in 1973-74 and 1 per cent less in 1974-75. Earlier crop maturity was obtained with narrow rows in all cultivars in 1974-75 and Hopicala only in 1972-73. Deltapine 16 and Super Okra M8 had the highest average yield at both row spacings, with Super Okra M8 having the highest yield at the first pick. No fibre properties were consistently affected by row spacing. Cultivar differences were as expected with the early maturing cultivar Riverina Poplar having the shortest fibres and the later maturing cultivar Hopicala having the greatest fibre strength.

IMPROVED METHODS OF CREATING RENEWED SEEDS OF FLAX IN PRIMARY SEED PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Seed Material ◽  
Flax Seeds ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
High Level

The results of scientific research are presented, which allowed to develop more efficient ways of creat-ing and multiplying seeds of flax in primary seed production. The effectiveness of an improved method for creating renewed seeds, based on the repeated reproduction of seed material obtained in the selection process of typical plants, is shown. Studies have shown that this method ensures the preservation of the required level of sowing and varietal quality of the original material. According to the ground control data, the coefficient of variation in plant height was 2.0–3.0%, and the fiber content in the stem was 4.0–4.2%, which indicates a high level of varietal homogeneity of the created seed lots. The highest efficiency of the improved method of creating flax seed was achieved when it was combined with a narrow-row, method of sowing flax (distance of 6.25 cm), which, compared to wide-row sowing (distance of 22.5 cm), increased the yield of seed material by 1.2 t / ha, or 11.1%. It was found that the yield of reproducible original material obtained using the new method in subsequent stages of primary seed production is in-creased 4.6 times compared with the adopted analogue, which indicates the high efficiency of creating original flax seeds.

scholarly journals The source material for the selection of decorative sunflower

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Yuriy Viktorovich Lobachev ◽  
Sergey Petrovich Kudryashov ◽  
Lyudmila Gennadievna Kurasova ◽  
Yulia Yuryevna Bandurina
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
The South ◽  
East Region ◽  
Forming Characteristics ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Selection Of

Seven lines of analogs with different color of leaves were created in sunflower by the backcross method of the recipient line of YuV-28B and gene donors controlling different variations in leaf color. A study of these lines at the Research Institute of Agriculture of the South-East region in 2017–2019, conducted as a competitive variety test, showed that most seed lines did not significantly differ in seed yield from the recipient line YuV-28B except for the L-4 line with olive color of the sheet, in which this indicator was lower than that of the recipient line. They were assessed analogous lines according to the  phenological, morphological, crop-forming characteristics, as well as according to the  quality of seeds and oil. All analogue lines had 100% shell of seeds and resistance to local races of broomrape and downy mildew. Most of the studied indicators of these lines correspond to the parameters of the source material, so they can be used in the selection of decorative sunflower.

scholarly journals Effect of Row Spacing on Seed Yield, Yield Components and Seed Quality of Alfalfa

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Dragoljub Beković ◽  
Rade Stanisavljević ◽  
Milan Biberdžić ◽  
Slaviša Stojković ◽  
Jasmina Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Under agro-environmental conditions of Southern Serbia, the re­search was conducted over a three-year period to evaluate the effect of row spacing on seed yield, yield components and seed quality of alfalfa cv. ’K-23’. The average seed yield of alfalfa was highest at a row spacing of 40 cm (271.7 kg ha-1), followed by row spacing of 20 cm (249.4 kg ha-1) and 60 cm (244.0 kg ha-1). The highest and lowest number of inflo­rescences per stem were obtained in rows spaced 60 cm (13.37 inflo­rescences/stem) and 20 cm apart (8.57 inflorescences/stem), respectively. The widest row spacing of 60 cm (7.15 pods / inflorescence) resulted in the highest number of pods per inflorescence, whereas the lowest number was produced at 20 cm spacing (5.50 pods / inflorescence). Grain number per pod ranged from 3.55 (at 20 cm row spacing) to 4.05 (at 60 cm). The highest quality of alfalfa seed during the three years of the research was obtained at the widest row spacing (60 cm). Thousand-seed weight was highest at 60 cm and lowest at 20 cm (1.97 g and 2.07 g, respectively). The highest average values for seed germination rate were reported for 60 cm row spa­cing (88.00%) and the lowest for 20 cm row spacing (85.76 %).

scholarly journals The effect of seeding rates and sowing methodson yield and quality seeds of chickpea

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
A.A. Rozhkov ◽  
Y.V. Voropai
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Method Yield ◽  
Yield Capacity

The results of three-year studies of the influence of seed sowing rates and sowing methods on the formation of yield capacity and quality of chickpea seeds are highlighted. The results of the research indicate a significant influence of the studied factors on the level of yield capacity of chickpea seeds. On average, for three years of research, the highest seed yield capacity in the experiment has been observed in the variety Odyssey – 2,16 t/ha. Among the studied variants of the sowing method, the highest rates of chickpea seed yield capacity have been provided by the row method with a row spacing of 30 cm (with a nutrition area of one plant of 120 cm2) at the average sowing rate of 0,7 million units/ha. In particular, the yield capacity of chickpea seeds of Budjak and Odyssey varieties under this combination of the studied factors made up 2,37 and 2,49 t/ha, respectively. The maximum protein content in chickpea seeds in both studied varieties has been obtained on the variants with a minimum seeding rate of 0,5 million units/ha, but the highest protein yield – 0,415 t/ha of Odyssey variety and 0,435 t/ha of Budjak variety - was noted on the variants with a seeding rate of 0,7 million units/ha. Key words: chickpeas, seeding rate, sowing method, yield capacity, protein content.

scholarly journals Cultivar, Planting Date, and Row Spacing Effects on Mungbean Performance in Virginia

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1309-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harbans L. Bhardwaj ◽  
Anwar A. Hamama
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
The United States ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Spacing Effects ◽  
Narrow Row

Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek, Fabaceae] is one of the most important food legume crops in Asia. It is also gaining importance in other parts of the world such as Australia and Canada. The United States imported mungbean worth ≈22 million dollars during 2014. To establish domestic production and to determine if mungbean can be produced in rotation with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), replicated experiments were conducted during 2012 and 2013 using two cultivars (Berken and TexSprout), two planting dates (early and late July), and two row spacings (37.5 and 75 cm). Cultivar and planting date effects on seed yield were not significant, however, narrow row spacing resulted in significant higher seed yield and concentration of protein over the wider row spacing (1.76 vs. 0.86 Mg⋅ha−1 yield and 24.9% vs. 23.7% protein). Early planting resulted in lower sugar and oil concentrations over late planting (4.4% vs. 5.5% sugar and 1.24% vs. 1.99% oil). Average mungbean values for seed yield, seed size, and concentrations of protein, sugars, and oil were 1.31 Mg⋅ha−1, 7.08 g/seed100, 24.3%, 4.91%, and 1.59%, respectively. Low harvest index values (17% to 25%) indicated that potential exists for improvement in mungbean seed yield. The results indicated that mungbean can be easily produced in rotation with winter wheat in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States.

scholarly journals Effect of Row Spacing and Plant Density on the Yield of Faba bean L. Under Very Differentiated Humidity Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Janusz Prusiński
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Total Rainfall ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Narrow Row

The research covered Polish low-tannin Faba bean &lsquo;Albus&rsquo;, and its yielding depending on the row spacing and plant density under very different humidity conditions across the research years. The mean multi-year faba bean seed yield was 4.01 t ha-1 and it was most correlated with the total rainfall in August and in June-August. Due to a considerable variation in the total rainfall and air temperature, the faba bean seed yield ranged from 0.69-2.14 t ha-1 in dry years (2018-2019) with high air temperature, from 6.64 to 6.59 ha-1 in humid years (2016-2017) with a considerably higher total rainfall and lower air temperature in June-August. There was no significant effect of the row spacing and plant density on the faba bean yielding, except for a significantly lower seed yield in 2019 following the application of the lowest plant density. Out of all the yield structure components, only the number of pods per plant for 60-75 plants per m2 was significantly lower than for 45 plants. The other yield structure components did not differ significantly due to the factors studied either, except for the LAI, the value of which for a narrow row spacing was significantly higher. There was found a significant correlation between all the plant traits and with the faba bean yield.

scholarly journals Influence of row spacing on herb yield of common chamomile (Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rausch.) as well as seed yield and quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Surmacz-Magdziak
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Herb Yield ◽  
Number Of Branches

The experiment consisted of three single row spacings (every 25, 40 and 50 cm) and four double and triple row spacings (40-25-40 cm, 40-25-25-40 cm, 50-25-50 cm, 50-25-25- 50 cm). The aim of the present experiment was to compare the influence of varying spacing on yields and quality of chamomile seeds. Among the row spacings under comparison, the highest seed and herb yields were achieved from the triple row spacing. 1000-seed weight was proportional to seed yield, and the seed germination capacity was not differentiated due to row spacings used. Plants growing in single rows every 25 cm formed the lowest number of branches terminated by flower heads, thus the herb and seed yields were the lowest.

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