Survival of the bean anthracnose fungus (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) on crop debris in Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Conner ◽  
Chris L. Gillard ◽  
Kenneth B. Mcrae ◽  
Sheau-Fang Hwang ◽  
Yong-Yan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Bean Anthracnose

scholarly journals Pathogenic Variation of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum causing Anthracnose of Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Uganda

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Moses J. Kiryowa ◽  
Aston Ebinu ◽  
Vincent Kyaligonza ◽  
Stanley T. Nkalubo ◽  
Pamela Paparu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pathogenic Variation ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance ◽  
Differential Cultivars ◽  
Differential Cultivar ◽  
Bean Anthracnose ◽  
Pathogenic Variability

Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is a highly variable pathogen of common beans that easily overcomes resistance in cultivars bred with single-gene resistance. To determine pathogenic variability of the pathogen in Uganda, samples of common bean tissues with anthracnose symptoms were collected in eight districts of Uganda, namely Kabarole, Sironko, Mbale, Oyam, Lira, Kapchorwa, Maracha and Kisoro. 51 isolates sporulated successfully on Potato Dextrose Agar and Mathur’s media and were used to inoculate 12 differential cultivars under controlled conditions. Five plants per cultivar were inoculated with each isolate and then evaluated for their reaction using the 1 – 9 severity scale. Races were classified using the binary nomenclature system proposed by Pastor Corrales (1991). Variation due to cultivar and isolate effects was significant (P≤0.001) for severity. The 51 isolates from eight districts grouped into 27 different races. Sironko district had the highest number of races followed by Mbale and Kabarole. Races 2047 and 4095 were the most frequently found, each with 10 isolates grouped under them. Race 4095 was the most virulent since it caused a susceptible (S) reaction on all 12 differential cultivars and the susceptible check. This was followed by races 2479, 2047 and 2045 respectively. Two races, 4094 and 2479, caused a susceptible reaction on the differential cultivar G2333, which nevertheless, showed the most broad spectrum resistance followed by cultivars Cornell 49-242, TU, and AB136 respectively. These cultivars are recommended for use in breeding programs aiming at breeding for broad spectrum resistance to bean anthracnose in Uganda.

scholarly journals A Specific and Sensitive Method for the Detection of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in Dry Bean Tissue

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 1271-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Yan Chen ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
C. L. Gillard ◽  
G. J. Boland ◽  
C. Babcock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Colletotrichum Species ◽  
Bean Anthracnose ◽  
Sensitive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Dna Template

To facilitate early diagnosis and improve control of bean anthracnose, a rapid, specific, and sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method was developed to detect the causal agent, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seed. Based on sequence data of the rDNA region consisting of the 5.8S gene and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) 1 and 2 of four C. lindemuthianum races and 17 Colletotrichum species downloaded from GenBank, five forward primers were designed and evaluated for their specificity. Among them, one forward primer was selected for use in combination with ITS4 to specifically detect C. lindemuthianum. A 461-bp specific band was amplified from the genomic DNA template of 16 representative isolates of C. lindemuthianum, but not from 58 representative isolates of 17 other Colletotrichum species or 10 bean pathogens. Moreover, to enhance the sensitivity of detection, nested PCR was applied, which allowed the detection of as little as 10 fg of C. lindemuthianum genomic DNA and 1% infected seed powder, which was mixed with 99% healthy seed powder. The diagnostic analysis can be completed within 24 h, compared with about 2 weeks required for culturing. Furthermore, this method can be performed and interpreted by personnel with no specialized taxonomic expertise.

scholarly journals Characterization of Mexican Isolates of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum by Using Differential Cultivars and Molecular Markers

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario González ◽  
Raul Rodríguez ◽  
Maria Elena Zavala ◽  
Juan L. Jacobo ◽  
Fernando Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Bootstrap Analysis ◽  
Differential Cultivars ◽  
Bean Anthracnose

Differential cultivars and molecular markers were used to analyze 59 isolates of the bean anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, from different regions of Mexico. Ten distinct races were determined, three of which had not been reported previously in Mexico. Isolates were found to infect only a narrow range of the differential cultivars used and were restricted to cultivars of Middle American origin. A comparison of random amplified polymorphic DNA and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analyses was carried out on a subset of the fungal isolates. Determination of genetic distances based on AFLP data and production of a dendrogram demonstrated two levels of association: i) isolates classified into two major groups according to the type of cultivar or system of cultivation from which they originated, and ii) isolates could be classified into smaller subgroups generally associated with the geographic location from which they were obtained. Bootstrap analysis and determination of confidence intervals showed these geographic groupings to be extremely robust.

scholarly journals Influence of Tillage Practices on Anthracnose Development and Distribution in Dry Bean Fields

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ntahimpera ◽  
H. R. Dillard ◽  
A. C. Cobb ◽  
R. C. Seem
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Bean Anthracnose ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Over Time

Three tillage practices—chiseling, rototilling, and moldboard plowing—were evaluated in 1993 and 1994 to determine their impact on initial disease development, distribution, and progression over time in a field of the susceptible kidney bean cultivar Horizon. The tillage treatments were administered in the spring in a field infested in 1992 with the bean anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum race β. Initial disease incidence was highest in the chiseled plots, where more bean debris was left on the surface than in the other treatments. Significantly higher final disease incidence and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) occurred in the chiseled plots than in the rototilled and moldboard plowed plots. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.75) between the percentage of debris left on the surface and subsequent disease incidence on pods in the field. Anthracnose incidence or severity in the field was highly correlated with disease incidence on harvested pods (r values ranged between 0.87 and 0.98). Results from the ordinary runs analysis showed that anthracnose occurred randomly within the field early in the season, indicating that initial inoculum was from bean debris within the field. Later in the season, plant-to-plant spread resulted in a more clustered distribution of diseased plants.

HAROKENT FIELD BEAN

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. AYLESWORTH ◽  
J. C. TU
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Navy Bean ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Bean Anthracnose ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
I Gene

Harokent, a backcross-derived disease-resistant cultivar of navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with a yield potential similar to that of Kentwood, was developed at the Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Harrow, Ontario. Harokent carries the Are gene that confers resistance to alpha, beta, delta, epsilon, gamma and lambda races of bean anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magn.) Briosi & Cav.) and the I gene for resistance to races 1 and 15 of bean common mosaic virus.Key words: Cultivar description, bean, bean anthracnose

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BENOMYL-RESISTANT BIOTYPES OF THE DELTA RACE OF COLLETOTRICHUM LINDEMUTHIANUM

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. TU ◽  
M. E. McNAUGHTON
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Bean Anthracnose

Thirteen biotypes resistant to benomyl and which were capable of radiating mycelial growth on Mathur’s agar (MA) containing 500 μg/mL of benomyl were isolated from race delta of bean anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum). The resistance was of a persistent type, resistant characteristics being retained after several subculturings on benomyl-free MA. Several biotypes lost virulence totally or partially while the others increased in virulence. In addition, individual biotypes differed in pathogenicity towards various susceptible cultivars. The cultural characteristics, sporulation and growth differed among the biotypes and also from the original delta race. Pathogenicity generally was correlated positively for the virulent biotypes, with the amount of sporulation. The significance of the development of the resistant biotypes and the use of benomyl in seed treatment to control bean anthracnose is discussed.

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