The paper explains the dynamics of monetary aggregates in Russia with the help of country's trade balance, the creation of deposits by commercial banks and cross-border flows of rubles and (foreign) currency. The volumes of deposits and flows, in turn, depend on changes the currency/ruble exchange rate and favorable external economic conditions. The model was estimated by the Kalman filter, the adequacy was confirmed by stimulation. Monthly money supply forecasts have an accuracy of ~ 1%. It was found that the volume of additional deposits created per month is ~ 300 billion RUB (this leads to real inflation of 9.5% per annum), money flows that are not related to payments for goods: rubles inflow from abroad ~ 100 billion RUB, currency goes abroad ~ $ 15 billion. With the growth / fall of the dollar exchange rate by 1 RUB per month, during the same month, the creation of additional ruble deposits and the arrival of rubles from outside decreases / increases by $ 0.114 billion. The increase of the Currency Reserve Assets of Russia is accompanied by going abroad ~ 5% of the increase.