A measure of parent engagement: plan appropriateness, partnering, and positive outcome expectancy in pediatric rehabilitation sessions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gillian King ◽  
Lisa A. Chiarello ◽  
Matthew J. W. McLarnon ◽  
Jenny Ziviani ◽  
Madhu Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parent Engagement ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Outcome Expectancy ◽  
Pediatric Rehabilitation ◽  
Positive Outcome Expectancy

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Study on Relationships Among FoMO, Social Influence, Positive Outcome Expectancy, Refusal Self-Efficacy and SNS Usage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
KUNHUA LEE ◽  
Chia-Yu Lin ◽  
Jing Tsao ◽  
Lien Fang Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Expectancy ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Outcome Expectancy

Objectives: This study proposes a model that integrates three determinants of social cognitive theory (SCT) to explain the impact of FoMO on SNS usage. Design: A cross-sectional study is conducted using data for 259 participants recruited from a website. Main Outcome Measures: The analysis focuses on FoMO, social influence, positive outcome expectancy, refusal self-efficacy, and SNS-related behavior cloud-based sites. Data are examined using descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling. Results: The proposed model reported proper goodness of fit. FoMO does not directly or indirectly impact SNS usage through the determinants of SCT. However, social influence and refusal self-efficacy have a direct effect. Conclusions: The roles of the three determinants of SCT vary by stage of SNS usage. FoMO and refusal self-efficacy are more strongly related with SNS addiction. Further research, particularly longitudinal and intervention studies, is needed to examine the effects of specific factors on SNS addiction.

scholarly journals High Intensity Interval Training to Increase Tolerance for Exercise Intensity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1763-1763
Author(s):  
James Roemmich ◽  
Kelsey Ufholz ◽  
Kyle Flack ◽  
Tori Kaster ◽  
William Siders
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Outcome Expectancy ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Ratio Schedule ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Positive Outcome Expectancy

Abstract Objectives Increasing the reinforcing value of a stimulus occurs after repeated exposures to the reinforcer via neuroadaptations that increase the incentive salience of the stimulus. Exercise is a reinforcer and increasing exercise reinforcement (RRVex) may be dependent on simultaneously increasing tolerance for exercise intensity. Positive outcome expectancy (POE) of participating in an intervention can be an important determinant of treatment efficacy, such as when attempting to increase tolerance for exercise intensity or RRVex. We hypothesized that (1) high-intensity interval training (HIIT) that produces great discomfort would increase tolerance for exercise intensity, (2) adding a positive outcome expectancy (POE) component to HIIT would further increase tolerance for exercise intensity and, (3) increases in tolerance for exercise discomfort would mediate increases in RRVex. Methods A randomized controlled trial with a factorial design included HIIT + POE (n = 33 adults, n = 19 women) and HIIT-only (n = 33, n = 19 women) groups. Both groups participated in HIIT 3 d/wk for 6 wks. HIIT + POE received POE treatment each exercise session. Outcomes were measured at baseline, after 6 weeks of HIIT, and 4 weeks post-HIIT (10 wk). Changes in the RRVex were assessed by a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement task. Other outcomes were outcome expectations, tolerance for exercise intensity, and behavior regulations of exercise. Results Outcome expectancy did not change in either group. Tolerance for exercise discomfort increased (P < .001) above baseline by 12% at 6 wk and 13% at 10 wk. Intrinsic, integrated, and identified behavior regulations of exercise were all increased (P < .01) at 6 wk and remained so at 10 wk. However, RRVex was not changed and change in RRVex was not correlated with change in tolerance for exercise intensity. Conclusions HIIT increases tolerance for exercise intensity and intrinsic, integrated, and identified behavior regulations of exercise. Funding Sources USDA-ARS.

fMRI evidence of a relationship between hypomania and both increased goal-sensitivity and positive outcome-expectancy bias

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 2825-2835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noreen O'Sullivan ◽  
Remigiusz Szczepanowski ◽  
Wael El-Deredy ◽  
Liam Mason ◽  
Richard P. Bentall
Keyword(s):  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Outcome Expectancy ◽  
Expectancy Bias ◽  
Positive Outcome Expectancy

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Study on Relationships Among FoMO, Social Influence, Positive Outcome Expectancy, Refusal Self-Efficacy and SNS Usage

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5907
Author(s):  
Kun-Hua Lee ◽  
Chia-Yu Lin ◽  
Jing Tsao ◽  
Lien Fang Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Expectancy ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Outcome Expectancy

Objectives: Use of social networking sites (SNS; i.e., Facebook or Instagram) is common, and people use SNS to communicate and share information. Literature indicates the extent of SNS usage could be influenced by fear of missing out (FoMO). FoMO means a process of appraisal and psychological need for SNS use. This study proposes a model that integrates three determinants of social cognitive theory (SCT) to explain the impact of FoMO on SNS usage. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 259 participants recruited from a website. Main Outcome Measures: The analysis focused on FoMO, social influence, positive outcome expectancy, refusal self-efficacy, and SNS-related behavior cloud-based sites. Data are examined using descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling. Results: The proposed model reported proper goodness of fit. FoMO did not directly or indirectly impact SNS usage through the determinants of SCT. However, social influence and refusal self-efficacy had a direct effect. Conclusions: The roles of the three determinants of SCT vary by stage of SNS usage. FoMO and refusal self-efficacy are more strongly related with SNS addiction. Further research, particularly longitudinal and intervention studies, is needed to examine the effects of specific factors on SNS addiction.

scholarly journals Influence of Provider Communication on Emerging Adults’ Medication Cognitions and Provider Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-582
Author(s):  
Samantha A Carreon ◽  
Lindsay Durkin ◽  
W Hobart Davies ◽  
Rachel Neff Greenley
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Outcome Expectancy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Provider Communication ◽  
Medical Provider ◽  
Provider Satisfaction

Abstract Objective This study examined how the content of medical provider communication related to medication prescriptions influenced emerging adults’ (EA) medication-related cognitions and satisfaction with care. Methods In total, 257 EA (ages 18–25) were randomized to one of three audio vignettes depicting a medical appointment in which the EA imagined him/herself as the recipient of an oral antibiotic prescription. Provider communication content varied by vignette as follows: the positive outcome expectancy (POE) vignette focused on enhancing patient POE related to antibiotic use; the negative outcome expectancy (NOE) vignette focused on reducing patient NOE; and the standard care vignette focused on providing factual medication information. Following the vignette, participants self-reported on demographics, select medication-related cognitions, and provider satisfaction from vignette. Results Those in the NOE vignette condition reported higher provider satisfaction, perceived the provider to have given more information, and evidenced lower NOE and higher POE about the antibiotic compared with those in the other conditions. Intent to adhere did not vary by vignette condition. Conclusions Brief, provider-initiated communication focused on reducing patient NOE may have unique value in altering EA’s medication-related cognitions. Given that medication-related beliefs are known correlates of adherence, future research should replicate and expand these findings in the context of real-world medical encounters and through the utilization of objective indices of medication adherence to more fully understand the potential significance of provider language emphasizing reduction of NOE on medication adherence.

Questionnaires for Outcome Expectancy, Self-Regulation, and Behavioral Expectation for Resistance Training Among Young-Old Adults: Development and Preliminary Validity

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Williams ◽  
Jyoti Savla ◽  
Brenda M. Davy ◽  
Sarah A. Kelleher ◽  
Elaina L. Marinik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Measurement Development ◽  
Outcome Expectancy ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Item Reduction ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Young Old

The purpose of the present research was to develop questionnaires to assess outcome expectancy for resistance training (RT), behavioral expectation in the context of perceived barriers to RT, and self-regulation strategies for RT among young-old adults (50-69 years). Measurement development included (a) item generation through elicitation interviews (N = 14) and open-ended questionnaires (N = 56), (b) expert feedback on a preliminary draft of the questionnaires (N = 4), and (c) a quantitative longitudinal study for item-reduction and psychometric analyses (N = 94). Elicitation procedures, expert feedback, and item reduction yielded four questionnaires with a total of 33 items. Positive outcome expectancy (α = .809), negative outcome expectancy (α = .729), behavioral expectation (α = .925), and self-regulation (α = .761) had—with one exception—moderate bivariate associations with two different indicators of self-reported RT behavior at one-month follow-up (r = .298 to .506). The present research provides preliminary support for newly developed questionnaires to facilitate understanding of the psychosocial determinants of RT among young-old adults.

scholarly journals An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study Investigating Self-efficacy and Outcome Expectancy as Mediators of Affective and Physiological Responses and Exercise Among Endometrial Cancer Survivors

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 320-334
Author(s):  
Yue Liao ◽  
Jaejoon Song ◽  
Michael C Robertson ◽  
Emily Cox-Martin ◽  
Karen Basen-Engquist
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Outcome Expectation ◽  
Outcome Expectancy ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown affective and physiological states in response to exercise as predictors of daily exercise, yet little is known about the mechanism underlying such effects. Purpose To examine the mediating effects of self-efficacy and outcome expectancy on the relationships between affective and physiological responses to exercise and subsequent exercise levels in endometrial cancer survivors. Methods Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys were delivered up to eight 5- to 7-day periods over 6 months. Participants (n = 100) rated their affective and physiological states before and after each exercise session (predictors) and recorded their self-efficacy and outcome expectancy each morning (mediators). Exercise (outcome) was based on self-reported EMA surveys and accelerometer measures. A 1-1-1 multilevel mediation model was used to disaggregate the within-subject (WS) and between-subject (BS) effects. Results At the WS level, a more positive affective state after exercise was associated with higher self-efficacy and positive outcome expectation the next day, which in turn was associated with higher subsequent exercise levels (ps < .05). At the BS level, participants who typically had more positive affective and experienced less intense physiological sensation after exercise had higher average self-efficacy, which was associated with higher average exercise levels (ps < .05). Conclusions In endometrial cancer survivors, affective experience after exercise, daily self-efficacy and positive outcome expectation help explain the day-to-day differences in exercise levels within-person. Findings from this study highlight potentials for behavioral interventions that target affective experience after exercise and daily behavioral cognitions to promote physical activity in cancer survivors’ everyday lives.

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