Evaluation of a simple characterisation method of the 3D-position of a manual wheelchair centre of mass

The beam scattering method was used to investigate non-dissociative single-electron charge transfer between the molecular dication CO22+ and Ar or Ne at several collision energies between 3-10 eV (centre-of-mass, c.m.). Relative translational energy distributions of the product ions showed that in the reaction with Ar the CO2+ product was mainly formed in reactions of the ground state of the dication, CO22+(X3Σg-), leading to the excited states of the product CO2+(A2Πu) and CO2+(B2Σu+). In the reaction with Ne, the largest probability had the process from the reactant dication excited state CO22+(1Σg+) leading to the product ion ground state CO2+(X2Πg). Less probable were processes between the other excited states of the dication CO22+, (1∆g), (1Σu-), (3∆u), also leading to the product ion ground state CO2+(X2Πg). Using the Landau-Zener model of the reaction window, relative populations of the ground and excited states of the dication CO22+ in the reactant beam were roughly estimated as (X3Σg):(1∆g):(1Σg+):(1Σu-):(3∆u) = 1.0:0.6:0.5:0.25:0.25.

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The Relationship between Clinical Tests, Ultrasound Findings and Selected Field-Based Wheelchair Skills Tests in a Cohort of Quadriplegic Wheelchair Rugby Athletes: A Pilot Study

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11094162 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 4162

Author(s):

Lucrezia Tognolo ◽

Alfredo Musumeci ◽

Andrea Pignataro ◽

Nicola Petrone ◽

Michael Benazzato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rotator Cuff ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Clinical Tests ◽

Wheelchair Rugby ◽

Manual Wheelchair ◽

Shoulder Pathology ◽

Cord Injury ◽

Pathologic Findings ◽

The Relationship

Manual wheelchair use may determine shoulder joint overload and rotator cuff injury. Chronic shoulder pathologies can also influence the propulsion ability of wheelchair athletes with spinal cord injury (SCI) during sport activities. However, the relationship between shoulder pathology and wheelchair performances has never been explored. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the correlation between shoulder pathologic findings with clinical tests and ultrasonography evaluation and the results of wheelchair performance tests. Nineteen quadriplegic wheelchair rugby players were evaluated to investigate the association between clinical and ultrasound shoulder pathologic findings and their correlation with the performance of field-based selected wheelchair skills tests (WSTs). The outcome measures were the International Wheelchair Rugby Classification Score, dominant and non-dominant Physical Examination Shoulder Score, and dominant and non-dominant Ultrasound Shoulder Pathology Rating Scale (USPRS). The WST was measured at the beginning and at one-year follow-up. A statistically significant correlation was found between the time since SCI and dominant USPRS (p < 0.005). The non-dominant USPRS was strongly related to WST at the beginning (p < 0.005) and the end of the study (p < 0.05). Data suggest that the severity of the non-dominant shoulder pathology detected on the ultrasound is related to lower performance on the WST. Chronic manual wheelchair use could be responsible for dominant SCI shoulder joint and rotator cuff muscle damage, while non-dominant USPRS could be related to performance on the WST.

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Small changes in ball position at address cause a chain effect in golf swing

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-79091-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sung Eun Kim ◽

Jangyun Lee ◽

Sae Yong Lee ◽

Hae-Dong Lee ◽

Jae Kun Shim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ground Reaction Force ◽

Reaction Force ◽

Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽

Golf Swing ◽

Whole Body ◽

Centre Of Mass ◽

Body Segment ◽

A Chain ◽

Professional Golfers ◽

The Right

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate how the ball position along the mediolateral (M-L) direction of a golfer causes a chain effect in the ground reaction force, body segment and joint angles, and whole-body centre of mass during the golf swing. Twenty professional golfers were asked to complete five straight shots for each 5 different ball positions along M-L: 4.27 cm (ball diameter), 2.14 cm (ball radius), 0 cm (reference position at preferred ball position), – 2.14 cm, and – 4.27 cm, while their ground reaction force and body segment motions were captured. The dependant variables were calculated at 14 swing events from address to impact, and the differences between the ball positions were evaluated using Statistical Parametric Mapping. The left-sided ball positions at address showed a greater weight distribution on the left foot with a more open shoulder angle compared to the reference ball position, whereas the trend was reversed for the right-sided ball positions. These trends disappeared during the backswing and reappeared during the downswing. The whole-body centre of mass was also located towards the target for the left-sided ball positions throughout the golf swing compared to the reference ball position, whereas the trend was reversed for the right-sided ball positions. We have concluded that initial ball position at address can cause a series of chain effects throughout the golf swing.

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Impact of Upper Body Anthropometrics on Spatiotemporal Parameters during Manual Wheelchair Propulsion in Able-bodied Users

2020 IEEE 5th Middle East and Africa Conference on Biomedical Engineering (MECBME) ◽

10.1109/mecbme47393.2020.9265122 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hassanain Ali Lafta Mossa ◽

Gemma Whatling ◽

Cathy Holt

Keyword(s):

Upper Body ◽

Wheelchair Propulsion ◽

Manual Wheelchair ◽

Spatiotemporal Parameters

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Calibration and Evaluation of a Force Measurement Glove for Field-Based Monitoring of Manual Wheelchair Users

2020 IEEE 20th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE) ◽

10.1109/bibe50027.2020.00170 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anthony Anderson ◽

Alexander W. Hooke ◽

Chandrasekaran Jayaraman ◽

Adam Burns ◽

Emma Fortune ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Force Measurement ◽

Wheelchair Users ◽

Manual Wheelchair

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Measurement of the shape of the $$ {B}_s^0\to {D}_s^{\ast -}{\mu}^{+}{\nu}_{\mu } $$ differential decay rate

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep12(2020)144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (12) ◽

Author(s):

R. Aaij ◽

◽

C. Abellán Beteta ◽

T. Ackernley ◽

B. Adeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decay Rate ◽

Form Factors ◽

Proton Collision ◽

Centre Of Mass ◽

Mass Energy ◽

Proton Proton ◽

Lhcb Detector ◽

Proton Proton Collision ◽

Integrated Luminosity

Abstract The shape of the $$ {B}_s^0\to {D}_s^{\ast -}{\mu}^{+}{\nu}_{\mu } $$ B s 0 → D s ∗ − μ + ν μ differential decay rate is obtained as a function of the hadron recoil parameter using proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.7 fb−1 collected by the LHCb detector. The $$ {B}_s^0\to {D}_s^{\ast -}{\mu}^{+}{\nu}_{\mu } $$ B s 0 → D s ∗ − μ + ν μ decay is reconstructed through the decays $$ {D}_s^{\ast -}\to {D}_s^{-}\gamma $$ D s ∗ − → D s − γ and $$ {D}_s^{-}\to {K}^{-}{K}^{+}{\pi}^{-} $$ D s − → K − K + π − . The differential decay rate is fitted with the Caprini-Lellouch-Neubert (CLN) and Boyd-Grinstein-Lebed (BGL) parametrisations of the form factors, and the relevant quantities for both are extracted.

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Pain and its impact on functioning and disability in manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury: a protocol for a mixed-methods study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044152 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e044152

Author(s):

Mokgadi Kholofelo Mashola ◽

Elzette Korkie ◽

Diphale Joyce Mothabeng

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

South African ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Pain Medication ◽

Self Management ◽

Medication Misuse ◽

Wheelchair Users ◽

Manual Wheelchair ◽

Cord Injury

IntroductionApproximately 80% of people with spinal cord injury experience clinically significant chronic pain. Pain (whether musculoskeletal or neuropathic) is consistently rated as one of the most difficult problems to manage and negatively affects the individual’s physical, psychological and social functioning and increases the risk of pain medication misuse and poor mental health. The aim of this study is to therefore determine the presence of pain and its impact on functioning and disability as well as to develop a framework for self-management of pain for South African manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury.Methods and analysisCommunity-dwelling participants with spinal cord injury will be invited to participate in this three-phase study. Phase 1 will use a quantitative, correlational design to determine factors related to pain such as pectoralis minor length, scapular dyskinesis, wheelchair functioning, physical quality of life, community reintegration and pain medication misuse. Demographic determinants of pain such as age, gender, type of occupation, completeness of injury and neurological level of injury will also be investigated. Participants with pain identified in phase 1 will be invited to partake in a qualitative descriptive and contextually designed phase 2 to explore their lived experience of pain through in-depth interviews. The results of phases 1 and 2 will then be used with the assistance from experts to develop a framework for self-management of pain using a modified Delphi study. Data analysis will include descriptive and inferential statistics (quantitative data) and thematic content analysis (qualitative data).Ethics and disseminationApproval for this study is granted by the Faculty of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee of the University of the Pretoria (approval number 125/2018). This study is registered with the South African National Health Research Database (reference GP201806005). This study’s findings will be shared in academic conferences and published in scientific peer-reviewed journals.

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The WL_PCR: A Planning for Ground-to-Pole Transition of Wheeled-Legged Pole-Climbing Robots

Robotics ◽

10.3390/robotics10030096 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 96

Author(s):

Yankai Wang ◽

Qiaoling Du ◽

Tianhe Zhang ◽

Chengze Xue

Keyword(s):

Motion Planning ◽

Mobile Robots ◽

Dynamic Process ◽

Mathematical Expression ◽

Truss Structure ◽

Centre Of Mass ◽

Climbing Robots ◽

Wheeled Vehicle ◽

Motion Modes

Hybrid mobile robots with two motion modes of a wheeled vehicle and truss structure with the ability to climb poles have significant flexibility. The motion planning of this kind of robot on a pole has been widely studied, but few studies have focused on the transition of the robot from the ground to the pole. In this study, a locomotion strategy of wheeled-legged pole-climbing robots (the WL_PCR) is proposed to solve the problem of ground-to-pole transition. By analyzing the force of static and dynamic process in the ground-to-pole transition, the condition of torque provided by the gripper and moving joint is proposed. The mathematical expression of Centre of Mass (CoM) of the wheeled-legged pole-climbing robots is utilized, and the conditions for the robot to smoothly transition from the ground to the vertical pole are proposed. Finally, the feasibility of this method is proved by the simulation and experimentation of a locomotion strategy on wheeled-legged pole-climbing robots.

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