Identification and sequence characterization of melanocortin 1 receptor gene (MC1R) in Bos indicus versus (Bos taurus X Bos indicus)

Background: Forebrain embryonic zinc finger-like (FEZL) gene is an important candidate associated with mastitis resistance in dairy cattle. FEZL is involved in transcriptional regulation of neuronal development and there exists a crosstalk between neuronal development and immunity via downstream cytokine expression. A single glycine insertion into glycine stretch of FEZL gene has large effect on downstream cytokine pathway making the cows susceptible to mastitis. The present study was aimed to sequence characterize FEZL gene in Sahiwal (Bos indicus) and Karan Fries (Bos inidcus X Bos taurus) cattle.Methods: Sequence characterization of bovine FEZL gene was carried out by primer walking method. Ten sets of oligonucleotide primers were designed to synthesize overlapping fragments and generate the complete sequence of about 3.7 kb covering all exons and 5’ upstream regulatory and flanking regions.Result: A total of eight nucleotide variations including three INDELS and five substitution mutations were observed among FEZL gene sequences of Bos taurus, Bos indicus (Sahiwal) and Bos taurus X Bos indicus (Karan Fries) cattle. The conceptualized amino acid sequence of bovine FEZL gene in Sahiwal and Karan Fries cattle was found to have 13 tandem Glycine residues and a serine to proline change within exon 1 region. The percent identity of FEZL gene of Sahiwal and Karan Fries cattle was 99% with that of Bos taurus, 95% with dog, horse and pig, 94% with human, 93% with rabbit, 92% with marmoset, 89% with rat and 79% with chicken. Sequence characterization of ~0.7 kb 5’ flanking region showed that it is highly conserved among bovines and resulted in prediction of six putative sites for binding of transcription factors (including Elk-1, Oct-1, HNF4, Lmo2 complex, GATA-3 and Nkx2-5). Elucidation of Bos indicus FEZL gene will further form the basis to identify candidate gene markers for association with mastitis resistance/susceptibility in cattle.

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Characterisation of the melanocortin-1 receptor gene in alpaca and identification of possible markers associated with phenotypic variations in colour

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an09005 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 49 (8) ◽

pp. 675 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

N. L. Feeley ◽

K. A. Munyard

Keyword(s):

Mus Musculus ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Receptor Gene ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Wild Type ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Melanocortin 1 Receptor ◽

Mc1r Gene ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Phenotypic Variations

The aim of this study was to determine if any correlation exists between melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) polymorphisms and skin and fibre colour in alpacas. Primers capable of amplifying the entire alpaca MC1R gene were designed from a comparative alignment of Bos taurus and Mus musculus MC1R gene sequences. The complete MC1R gene of 41 alpacas exhibiting a range of fibre colours, and which were sourced from farms across Australia, was sequenced from PCR products. Twenty-one single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified within MC1R. Two of these polymorphisms (A82G and C901T) have the potential to reduce eumelanin production by disrupting the activity of MC1R. No agreement was observed between fibre colour alone and MC1R genotype in the 41 animals in this study. However, when the animals were assigned to groups based on the presence or absence of eumelanin in their fibre and skin, only animals that had at least one allele with the A82/C901 combination expressed eumelanin. We propose that A82/C901 is the wild-type dominant ‘E’ MC1R allele, while alpacas with either G82/T901 or G82/Y901 are homozygous for the recessive ‘e’ MC1R allele and are therefore unable to produce eumelanin.

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121 DIFFERENTIAL mRNA EXPRESSION BETWEEN IN VIVO AND IN VITRO-DERIVED BOS INDICUS AND BOS TAURUS EMBRYOS

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv21n1ab121 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 160

Author(s):

L. Nasser ◽

P. Stranieri ◽

A. Gutiérrez-Adán ◽

M. Clemente ◽

L. Jorge de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Receptor Gene ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Growth Factor Receptor ◽

P53 Gene

Brazil is a leading country in the world of commercial use of in vitro-produced bovine embryos with 200 000 transfers per year. The majority of in vitro-produced embryos are pure breed Nelore and are transferred fresh with 40% pregnancy rate. However, pregnancies are drastically reduced with frozen in vitro embryos. This experiment is part of our effort to learn more about molecular composition and morphology of in vitro-derived embryos that may be responsible for such discrepancy. We examined molecular expression of mRNA transcripts of 6 selected genes; apoptosis Bax,TP53(p53), SHC1SHC(p66), insulin growth factor receptor (IGF2R), stabilization of the plasma membrane PLAC8 and glucose conversion H6PD in in-vivo (control) and in-vitro Nelore and Bos taurus embryos. In vivo embryos were collected from superovulated cows at Day 7. In vitro embryo was produced from oocytes aspirated from live cows. A total of 284 oocytes (4 replicates) were matured and fertilized by standard IVF procedures. Presumptive zygotes were cultured in CR2 medium with 5% BSA in 50 μL drops (25 zygotes per drop) at 39°C under paraffin oil and 5% CO2 in humidified air. Embryos that developed on Days 7 to blastocyst were transferred to recipients, and 10 blastocysts from each replicate were frozen for evaluation of gene expression patterns. Poly(A) mRNA was prepared from 3 groups of pools of 10 in vitro embryos and 10 of control in vivo-derived embryos. The quantification of all gene transcripts was carried out by real-time quantitative RT-PCR using the comparative CT method. Data on mRNA expression were normalized to the endogenous H2a.z and was analyzed by one-way repeated-measures ANOVA. The cleavage rates at Day 2 and number of blastocysts developed at Day 7 were 80.3 ± 3.2 and 42.2 ± 6.4, respectively. The level of expression of IGF2R was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in in vivo-derived embryos than in both groups of in vitro embryos. The expression of all 3 apoptosis genes were lower (P < 0.05) in in vivo than in vitro embryos with exception of p53 gene that was not different between Nelore in vitro and in vivo embryos but was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Bos taurus in vitro embryos. There was no difference in expression of PLAC8 gene among any tested group of embryos and in expression of H6PD gene between Nelore in vitro and in vivo embryos. We concluded that significant differences in molecular makeup between in vitro and in vivo-derived Nelore embryos exist. Of particular importance seems to be pattern of expression of IGF2R receptor gene known as a good indicator of embryo quality, which promotes proliferation and differentiation. Similarly, higher expression of 2 BAX and p66 genes of apoptosis in in vitro embryos seems to be a further indication of inferior quality of Nelore in vitro-derived embryos that showed to be more profound in Bos taurus in vitro-derived embryos.

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Molecular cloning and sequence characterization of two genes, DQA1 and DQA2,from the Chinese yakow (Bos grunniens × Bos taurus)

TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES ◽

10.3906/vet-1510-86 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 136-141

Author(s):

Dongmei XI ◽

Sameeullah MEMON ◽

Guozhi LI ◽

Xiangying LIU ◽

Chao SU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Cloning ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Sequence Characterization ◽

Bos Grunniens

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Sequence Characterization of theMC1RGene in Yak (Poephagus grunniens) Breeds with Different Coat Colors

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.1155/2009/861046 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Shi-Yi Chen ◽

Yi Huang ◽

Qing Zhu ◽

Luca Fontanesi ◽

Yong-Gang Yao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coat Color ◽

Extracellular Loop ◽

Wild Type ◽

Coding Region ◽

Functional Effect ◽

Nucleotide Substitutions ◽

Melanocortin 1 Receptor ◽

Sequence Characterization ◽

Potential Association

Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene plays a key role in determining coat color in several species, including the cattle. However, up to now there is no report regarding theMC1Rgene and the potential association of its mutations with coat colors in yak (Poephagus grunniens). In this study, we sequenced the encoding region of theMC1Rgene in three yak breeds with completely white (Tianzhu breed) or black coat color (Jiulong and Maiwa breeds). The predicted coding region of the yakMC1Rgene resulted of 954 bp, the same to that of the wild-type cattle sequence, with >99% identity. None of the mutation events reported in cattle was found. Comparing the yak obtained sequences, five nucleotide substitutions were detected, which defined three haplotypes (EY1,EY2, andEY3). Of the five mutations, two, characterizing theEY1haplotype, were nonsynonymous substitutions (c.340C>A and c.871G>A) causing amino acid changes located in the first extracellular loop (p.Q114K) and in the seventh transmembrane region (p.A291T).In silicoprediction might indicate a functional effect of the latter substitution. However, all three haplotypes were present in the three yak breeds with relatively consistent frequency distribution, despite of their distinguished coat colors, which suggested that there was no across-breed association between haplotypes or genotypes and black/white phenotypes, at least in the investigated breeds. Other genes may be involved in affecting coat color in the analyzed yaks.

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Molecular Characterization of the TLR2 Gene in Datong Yak

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-1138 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Shuai Peng ◽

Lang Chen ◽

Tian Yu Zheng ◽

Li Zhang ◽

Zhuo Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bos Taurus ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Regulation Mechanism ◽

Coding Region ◽

Sequence Characterization ◽

Tir Domain ◽

Tlr2 Gene ◽

Nucleotide Mutation ◽

Leucine Rich Repeats

The coding region of Datong yak’s TLR2 gene was amplified and subjected to sequence characterization. The coding region of the Datong yak TLR2 gene comprised a single ORF of 2355 nucleotides that coded for 784 amino acids with translatable products. The coding region of the TLR2 gene of the Datong yak contained two nucleotide mutation sites, namely, G677A and G1587A. G677A exhibited a missense mutation. After comparing nucleotide and amino acid sequences among related species and constructing the phylogenetic relationships, Datong yak sequences were shown to be highly similar to those of Bos taurus. The Datong yak TLR2 protein simultaneously possessed leucine-rich repeats, a TIR domain and an aldehyde dehydrogenase active site. Results showed that the protein plays an important role in the body’s immune regulation mechanism.

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Phenotypic characterization of the Saudi Arabian Hassawi cattle breed

Animal Genetic Resources Information ◽

10.1017/s1014233900000900 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 35-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. A. Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Bos Taurus ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Cattle Breed ◽

Farming System ◽

Phenotypic Characterization ◽

Zebu Cattle ◽

Body Conformation ◽

High Feed ◽

Farming Families

SummaryHassawi cattle breed is a mix of Bos indicus and Bos taurus. The cattle are raised in the Eastern province of the country by farming families in mixed farming system. The breed numbers are declining very fast, from 10 449 head in 1986 to an estimated maximum of 4 500 head at present.The decrease is mainly due to replacement by exotic breeds, the indiscriminate crossing with these exotics, particularly in view of the scarcity of the Hassawi bulls for mating. Animals are small in size, mature body weight 210-270 kg for bulls and 150-200 kg for cows, quite uniform in colour (light red) and body conformation have conspicuously reduced dewlap and umbilical folds and relatively large hump. Animals are heat tolerant, sustain high feed intake under ambient temperature, resistant to many diseases prevailing in the region and cows have good mothering ability. Productivity of the breed in terms of meat and milk is low when compared to that of exotics in high input production environments, but reproduction performance excels that of temperate breeds and zebu cattle.Efforts should be made to stop the decline in the breed numbers and to conserve the breed as an asset for production under harsh environment.

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