Cationic Liposome Decorated with Cyclic RGD Peptide for Targeted Delivery of anti-STAT3 siRNA to Melanoma Cancer Cells

Background: Among all cancers, lung cancer has high mortality among patients in most of the countries in the world. Targeted delivery of anticancer drugs can significantly reduce the side effects and dramatically improve the effects of the treatment. Folate, a suitable ligand, can be modified to the surface of tumor-selective drug delivery systems because it can selectively bind to the folate receptor, which is highly expressed on the surface of lung tumor cells. Objective: This study aimed to construct a kind of folate-targeted topotecan liposomes for investigating their efficacy and mechanism of action in the treatment of lung cancer in preclinical models. Methods: We conjugated topotecan liposomes with folate, and the liposomes were characterized by particle size, entrapment efficiency, cytotoxicity to A549 cells and in vitro release profile. Technical evaluations were performed on lung cancer A549 cells and xenografted A549 cancer cells in female nude mice, and the pharmacokinetics of the drug were evaluated in female SD rats. Results: The folate-targeted topotecan liposomes were proven to show effectiveness in targeting lung tumors. The anti-tumor effects of these liposomes were demonstrated by the decreased tumor volume and improved therapeutic efficacy. The folate-targeted topotecan liposomes also lengthened the topotecan blood circulation time. Conclusion: The folate-targeted topotecan liposomes are effective drug delivery systems and can be easily modified with folate, enabling the targeted liposomes to deliver topotecan to lung cancer cells and kill them, which could be used as potential carriers for lung chemotherapy.

Download Full-text

Recent Advances in Curcumin Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Different Types of Cancer with Special Emphasis on In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Cellular Uptake Studies

Nanoscience &Nanotechnology-Asia ◽

10.2174/2210681209666190417144126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 577-590

Author(s):

Jai B. Sharma ◽

Shailendra Bhatt ◽

Asmita Sharma ◽

Manish Kumar

Keyword(s):

Cancer Cells ◽

Cellular Uptake ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Curcumin Nanoparticles ◽

Cytotoxicity Studies ◽

Delivery Technique ◽

Different Types

Background: The potential use of nanocarriers is being explored rapidly for the targeted delivery of anticancer agents. Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound obtained from rhizomes of turmeric, belongs to family Zingiberaceae. It possesses chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity with low toxicity in almost all types of cancer. The low solubility and bioavailability of curcumin make it unable to use for the clinical purpose. The necessity of an effective strategy to overcome the limitations of curcumin is responsible for the development of its nanocarriers. Objective: This study is aimed to review the role of curcumin nanocarriers for the treatment of cancer with special emphasis on cellular uptake and in vitro cytotoxicity studies. In addition to this, the effect of various ligand conjugated curcumin nanoparticles on different types of cancer was also studied. Methods: A systematic review was conducted by extensively surfing the PubMed, science direct and other portals to get the latest update on recent development in nanocarriers of curcumin. Results: The current data from recent studies showed that nanocarriers of curcumin resulted in the targeted delivery, higher efficacy, enhanced bioavailability and lower toxicity. The curcumin nanoparticles showed significant inhibitory effects on cancer cells as compared to free curcumin. Conclusion: It can be concluded that bioavailability of curcumin and its cytotoxic effect to cancer cells can be enhanced by the development of curcumin based nanocarriers and it was found to be a potential drug delivery technique for the treatment of cancer.

Download Full-text

Super Magnetic Niosomal Nanocarrier as a New Approach for Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Case Study on SK-BR-3 and MDA-MB-231 Cell Lines

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22157948 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (15) ◽

pp. 7948

Author(s):

Elham Jamshidifar ◽

Faten Eshrati Yeganeh ◽

Mona Shayan ◽

Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki ◽

Mahsa Bourbour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Cellular Uptake ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Silica Layer

In the present study, a magnetic niosomal nanocarrier for co-delivery of curcumin and letrozole into breast cancer cells has been designed. The magnetic NiCoFe2O4 core was coated by a thin layer of silica, followed by a niosomal structure, allowing us to load letrozole and curcumin into the silica layer and niosomal layer, respectively, and investigate their synergic effects on breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the nanocarriers demonstrated a pH-dependent release due to the niosomal structure at their outer layer, which is a promising behavior for cancer treatment. Additionally, cellular assays revealed that the nanocarriers had low cellular uptake in the case of non-tumorigenic cells (i.e., MCF-10A) and related high viability but high cellular uptake in cancer cell lines (i.e., MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3) and related low viability, which is evidenced in their high cytotoxicity against different breast cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity of the letrozole/curcumin co-loaded nanocarrier is higher than that of the aqueous solutions of both drugs, indicating their enhanced cellular uptake in their encapsulated states. In particular, NiCoFe2O4@L-Silica-L@C-Niosome showed the highest cytotoxicity effects on MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. The observed cytotoxicity was due to regulation of the expression levels of the studied genes in breast cancer cells, where downregulation was observed for the Bcl-2, MMP 2, MMP 9, cyclin D, and cyclin E genes while upregulation of the expression of the Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 genes was observed. The flow cytometry results also revealed that NiCoFe2O4@L-Silica-L@C-Niosome enhanced the apoptosis rate in both MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 cells compared to the control samples. The findings of our research show the potential of designing magnetic niosomal formulations for simultaneous targeted delivery of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs into cancer cells in order to enhance their synergic chemotherapeutic effects. These results could open new avenues into the future of nanomedicine and the development of theranostic agents.

Download Full-text

Single-chain antibody-decorated Au nanocages@liposomal layer nanoprobes for targeted SERS imaging and remote-controlled photothermal therapy of melanoma cancer cells

Materials Science and Engineering C ◽

10.1016/j.msec.2021.112086 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 124 ◽

pp. 112086

Author(s):

Ghazal Farahavar ◽

Samira Sadat Abolmaali ◽

Foroogh Nejatollahi ◽

Amin Safaie ◽

Sanaz Javanmardi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Cells ◽

Photothermal Therapy ◽

Single Chain ◽

Single Chain Antibody ◽

Melanoma Cancer ◽

Sers Imaging

Download Full-text

Targeted Delivery of a Sialic Acid-Blocking Glycomimetic to Cancer Cells Inhibits Metastatic Spread

ACS Nano ◽

10.1021/nn5061964 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 733-745 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Christian Büll ◽

Thomas Jan Boltje ◽

Eric A. W. van Dinther ◽

Timo Peters ◽

Annemarie M. A. de Graaf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sialic Acid ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

Metastatic Spread

Download Full-text

B16 Melanoma Cancer Cells with Higher Metastatic Potential are More Deformable at a Whole-Cell Level

Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering ◽

10.1007/s12195-021-00677-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Ujihara ◽

Daichi Ono ◽

Koki Nishitsuji ◽

Megumi Ito ◽

Shukei Sugita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Cells ◽

Metastatic Potential ◽

B16 Melanoma ◽

Cell Level ◽

Whole Cell ◽

Melanoma Cancer

Download Full-text

CD36 promotes vasculogenic mimicry in melanoma by mediating adhesion to the extracellular matrix

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-021-08482-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Carmela Martini ◽

Mark DeNichilo ◽

Danielle P. King ◽

Michaelia P. Cockshell ◽

Brenton Ebert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Vasculogenic Mimicry ◽

Tumor Vasculature ◽

Melanoma Cells ◽

Human Melanoma ◽

Cell Surface Glycoprotein ◽

Melanoma Cancer ◽

In Vitro Angiogenesis

Abstract Background The formation of blood vessels within solid tumors directly contributes to cancer growth and metastasis. Until recently, tumor vasculature was thought to occur exclusively via endothelial cell (EC) lined structures (i.e. angiogenesis), but a second source of tumor vasculature arises from the cancer cells themselves, a process known as vasculogenic mimicry (VM). While it is generally understood that the function of VM vessels is the same as that of EC-lined vessels (i.e. to supply oxygen and nutrients to the proliferating cancer cells), the molecular mechanisms underpinning VM are yet to be fully elucidated. Methods Human VM-competent melanoma cell lines were examined for their VM potential using the in vitro angiogenesis assays (Matrigel), together with inhibition studies using small interfering RNA and blocking monoclonal antibodies. Invasion assays and adhesion assays were used to examine cancer cell function. Results Herein we demonstrate that CD36, a cell surface glycoprotein known to promote angiogenesis by ECs, also supports VM formation by human melanoma cancer cells. In silico analysis of CD36 expression within the melanoma cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas suggests that melanoma patients with high expression of CD36 have a poorer clinical outcome. Using in vitro ‘angiogenesis’ assays and CD36-knockdown approaches, we reveal that CD36 supports VM formation by human melanoma cells as well as adhesion to, and invasion through, a cancer derived extracellular matrix substrate. Interestingly, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a ligand for CD36 on ECs that inhibits angiogenesis, has no effect on VM formation. Further investigation revealed a role for laminin, but not collagen or fibronectin, as ligands for CD36 expressing melanoma cells. Conclusions Taken together, this study suggests that CD36 is a novel regulator of VM by melanoma cancer cells that is facilitated, at least in part, via integrin-α3 and laminin. Unlike angiogenesis, VM is not perturbed by the presence of TSP-1, thus providing new information on differences between these two processes of tumor vascularization which may be exploited to combat cancer progression.

Download Full-text

Natural and Designed Toxins for Precise Therapy: Modern Approaches in Experimental Oncology

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22094975 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 4975

Author(s):

Olga Shilova ◽

Elena Shramova ◽

Galina Proshkina ◽

Sergey Deyev

Keyword(s):

Cancer Cells ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

Combined Therapy ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Cytotoxic Action ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Surface Receptors ◽

Nanosized Materials ◽

Natural Toxins ◽

Protein Toxins

Cancer cells frequently overexpress specific surface receptors providing tumor growth and survival which can be used for precise therapy. Targeting cancer cell receptors with protein toxins is an attractive approach widely used in contemporary experimental oncology and preclinical studies. Methods of targeted delivery of toxins to cancer cells, different drug carriers based on nanosized materials (liposomes, nanoparticles, polymers), the most promising designed light-activated toxins, as well as mechanisms of the cytotoxic action of the main natural toxins used in modern experimental oncology, are discussed in this review. The prospects of the combined therapy of tumors based on multimodal nanostructures are also discussed.

Download Full-text