Postnatal overnutrition affects metabolic and vascular function reflected by physiological and histological changes in the aorta of adult Wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 452-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Sánchez-García ◽  
Laura Del Bosque-Plata ◽  
Enrique Hong
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Changes

scholarly journals The Effects of Lycopene and Insulin on Histological Changes and the Expression Level of Bcl-2 Family Genes in the Hippocampus of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoume Soleymaninejad ◽  
Seyed Gholamali Joursaraei ◽  
Farideh Feizi ◽  
Iraj Jafari Anarkooli
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Group D

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of antioxidants lycopene and insulin on histological changes and expression of Bcl-2 family genes in the hippocampus of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats. Forty-eight Wistar rats were divided into six groups of control (C), control treated with lycopene (CL), diabetic (D), diabetic treated with insulin (DI), diabetic treated with lycopene (DL), and diabetic treated with insulin and lycopene (DIL). Diabetes was induced by an injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, IP), lycopene (4 mg/kg/day) was given to the lycopene treated groups as gavages, and insulin (Sc, 1-2 U/kg/day) was injected to the groups treated with insulin. The number of hippocampus neurons undergoing cell death in group D had significant differences with groups C and DIL (p<0.001). Furthermore, insulin and lycopene alone or together reduced the expression of Bax, but increased Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL levels in DI, DL, and DIL rats, especially when compared to group D (p<0.001). The ratios of Bax/Bcl-2 and Bax/Bcl-xL in DI, DL, and DIL rats were also reduced (p<0.001). Our results indicate that treatment with insulin and/or lycopene contribute to the prevention of cell death by reducing the expression of proapoptotic genes and increasing the expression of antiapoptotic genes in the hippocampus.

scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Administration of Lithium and Hydrochlorothiazide in Rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Loghin ◽  
Adriana Olinic ◽  
Daniela-Saveta Popa ◽  
Carmen Socaciu ◽  
Sorin E. Leucuta
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Association Group ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Kidney Liver ◽  
Lithium Lactate

The biochemical and histological changes following 60 days administration of daily doses equivalent to 1/20 LD50 of lithium lactate and hydrochlorothiazide, as such and in association, were studied in male Wistar rats. No mortality or overt signs of toxicity were observed during the experiment and the serum activities of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and cholinesterase were not significantly modified compared to controls. The histopathological examination of all the investigated organs: kidney, liver, brain and spleen, revealed significant lesions which were time-dependant and more pronounced in the association group. Although the changes were mostly inflammatory and conqestive, it was proved that the concomitant administration of lithium and hydrochlorothiazid is potentially dangerous, increasing lithium’s nephrotoxicity and the thiazide diuretic's hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals Assessment of the histological changes of the heart and kidneys induced by berberine in adult albino wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Uwaifo ◽  
John-Ohimai Favour
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Changes

scholarly journals A Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils Attenuates the Cardiometabolic Alterations Associated with Aging in Male Wistar Rats

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel González-Hedström ◽  
Sara Amor ◽  
María de la Fuente-Fernández ◽  
Antonio Tejera-Muñoz ◽  
Teresa Priego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Aging is one of the major risk factors for suffering cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Due to the increase in life expectancy, there is a strong interest in the search for anti-aging strategies to treat and prevent these aging-induced disorders. Both omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) exert numerous metabolic and cardiovascular benefits in the elderly. In addition, EVOO constitutes an interesting ingredient to stabilize ω-3 PUFA and decrease their oxidation process due to its high content in antioxidant compounds. ω-3 PUFA are commonly obtained from fish. However, more ecological and sustainable sources, such as algae oil (AO) can also be used. In this study, we aimed to study the possible beneficial effect of an oil mixture composed by EVOO (75%) and AO (25%) rich in ω-3 PUFA (35% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 20% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) on the cardiometabolic alterations associated with aging. For this purpose; young (three months old) and old (24 months old) male Wistar rats were treated with vehicle or with the oil mixture (2.5 mL/kg) for 21 days. Treatment with the oil mixture prevented the aging-induced increase in the serum levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and the aging-induced decrease in the serum concentrations of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Old treated rats showed increased serum concentrations of EPA and DHA and decreased HOMA-IR index and circulating levels of total cholesterol, insulin and IL-6. Treatment with the oil mixture increased the mRNA levels of antioxidant and insulin sensitivity-related enzymes, as well as reduced the gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers in the liver and in cardiac and aortic tissues. In addition, the treatment also prevented the aging-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular insulin resistance through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Moreover, aortic rings from old rats treated with the oil mixture showed a decreased response to the vasoconstrictor AngII. In conclusion, treatment with a mixture of EVOO and AO improves the lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and vascular function in aged rats and decreases aging-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver, and in the cardiovascular system. Thus, it could be an interesting strategy to deal with cardiometabolic alterations associated with aging.

scholarly journals Bougainvillea spectabilisExhibits Antihyperglycemic and Antioxidant Activities in Experimental Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratibha Chauhan ◽  
Sunil Mahajan ◽  
Archana Kulshrestha ◽  
Sadhana Shrivastava ◽  
Bechan Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Bougainvillea Spectabilis ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Kidney Functions

The study investigates the effects of aqueous extract of Bougainvillea spectabilis leaves on blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile, oxidative stress, and on DNA damage, if any, as well as on liver and kidney functions in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in Wistar rats. Daily administration of the aqueous extract of B spectabilis leaves for 28 days resulted in significant reduction in hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia as evident from restoration of relevant biochemical markers following extract administration. The extract also exhibited significant antioxidant activity as evidenced from the enzymatic and nonenzymatic responses and DNA damage markers. The extract restored kidney and liver functions to normal and proved to be nontoxic. A marked improvement in the histological changes of tissues was also observed. The present study documented antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidative potentials of the aqueous extract of B spectabilis leaves without any toxicity in streptozotocin-treated Wistar rats.

Arginase inhibition restores in vivo coronary microvascular function in type 2 diabetic rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (4) ◽  
pp. H1174-H1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Grönros ◽  
Christian Jung ◽  
Jon O. Lundberg ◽  
Ruha Cerrato ◽  
Claes-Göran Östenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Microvascular Function ◽  
Vascular Integrity ◽  
Gk Rats ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Coronary Microvascular Function

Nitric oxide (NO) is crucial for maintaining normal endothelial function and vascular integrity. Increased arginase activity in diabetes might compete with NO synthase (NOS) for their common substrate arginine, resulting in diminished production of NO. The aim of this study was to evaluate coronary microvascular function in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats using in vivo coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) and the effect of arginase inhibition to restore vascular function. Different groups of GK and Wistar rats were given vehicle, the arginase inhibitor Nω-hydroxy-nor-l-arginine (nor-NOHA), l-arginine, and the NOS inhibitor NG-monomethyl -l-arginine (l-NMMA). GK rats had impaired CFVR compared with Wistar rats (1.31 ± 0.09 vs. 1.87 ± 0.05, P < 0.001). CFVR was restored by nor-NOHA treatment compared with vehicle in GK rats (1.71 ± 0.13 vs. 1.23 ± 0.12, P < 0.05) but remained unchanged in Wistar rats (1.88 ± 0.10 vs. 1.79 ± 0.16). The beneficial effect of nor-NOHA in GK rats was abolished after NOS inhibition. CFVR was not affected by arginine compared with vehicle. Arginase II expression was increased in the aorta and myocardium from GK rats compared with Wistar rats. Citrulline-to-ornithine and citrulline-to-arginine ratios measured in plasma increased significantly more in GK rats than in Wistar rats after nor-NOHA treatment, suggesting a shift of arginine utilization from arginase to NOS. In conclusion, coronary artery microvascular function is impaired in the type 2 diabetic GK rat. Treatment with nor-NOHA restores the microvascular function by a mechanism related to increased utilization of arginine by NOS and increased NO availability.

scholarly journals Histological Changes of Wistar Rats' Hippocampus and Entorhinal Cortex After Prenatal Exposure to Mosquito Coil Smoke

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehu K ◽  
Sirajo MU ◽  
Saleh MS
Keyword(s):  
Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Prenatally Exposed ◽  
Mosquito Coil ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Women And Children

Background: The structural integrity of the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex appears to be a prerequisite for normal acquisition of information about relational and contextual representation. Increased exposures to pyrethroids by pregnant women and children have raised concerns over their potentials as developmental neurotoxicants. Objectives: We studied the histological changes on the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of adolescent Wistar rats prenatally exposed to mosquito coil smoke (MCS). Methods: 30 adult Wistar rats (20 females, 10 males) were used for the study. Mating was induced, and pregnancy was confirmed. Pregnant animals were grouped into four, 3 animals per group. Group I was exposed to fresh air. Groups II, III, and IV were exposed to mosquito coil smoke for 4, 6 and 8 hours daily respectively throughout gestation period. On Post-natal day (PND) 29, experimental animals were humanely sacrificed and regions of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex were processed for histological studies using H & E stain. Results and Conclusion: Our results showed that prenatal exposure to mosquito coil smoke caused neuronal degeneration, distortion in cytoarchitecture of cellular layers and vacuolations in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of prenatally exposed groups.

The interaction between resveratrol and two forms of copper as carbonate and nanoparticles on antioxidant mechanisms and vascular function in Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 862-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Majewski ◽  
Katarzyna Ognik ◽  
Jerzy Juśkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms

The modulating effects of green rooibos (Aspalathuslinearis) extract on vascular function and antioxidantstatus in obese Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Zimvo Obasa ◽  
Mignon Albertha van Vuuren ◽  
Barbara Huisamen ◽  
Shantal Lynn Windvogel
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Function ◽  
Wistar Rats

Could Acupuncture at the So-Called Forbidden Points be Harmful to the Health of Pregnant Wistar Rats?

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Vilella Guerreiro da Silva ◽  
Mary Uchiyama Nakamura ◽  
João Bosco Guerreiro da Silva ◽  
José Antonio Cordeiro ◽  
Glória Elisa Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Single Experiment ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Primary Endpoints ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Point Groups ◽  
Peripheral Point

Aim This study is the second report from a single experiment planned to determine if acupuncture at LI4 and SP6, or at the sacral points, could produce any harm in the pregnancy outcome of Wistar rats, as has been hypothesised in traditional knowledge. Here, we observe if these points can be harmful to the health of pregnant Wistar rats. Methods A total of 48 pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: total control, where rats were left in cages without manipulation; anesthetised control, where rats were manipulated and anesthetised but did not receive electroacupuncture; and peripheral point and sacral point groups, where rats were anesthetised and received 6 sessions of electroacupuncture at 4 acupuncture points: LI4 and SP6, and BL27 and BL28, respectively. In the 19th day of pregnancy the rats were killed and examined. The primary endpoints were levels of glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) creatinine and histological changes of liver and kidney. Results There were no differences between the levels of biochemical parameters. No differences were also seen regarding the histopathological analysis. Conclusions We found no evidence that acupuncture at the LI4, SP6 and sacral points could be harmful to the Wistar rat dams.

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