Renewable Energy in the Baltic Sea Region 2025

The purpose of this review is to provide insight and a comparison of the current status of district heating (DH) systems for selected Baltic Sea countries (Denmark, Germany, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Sweden), especially from viewpoints of application and solutions of novel smart asset management (SAM) approaches. Furthermore, this paper considers European projects ongoing from 2016, involving participants from the Baltic Sea Region, concerning various aspects of DH systems. The review presents the energy sources with particular attention to renewable energy sources (RES), district heating generations, and the exploitation problems of DH systems. The essential point is a comparison of traditional maintenance systems versus SAM solutions for optimal design, operating conditions, and controlling of the DH networks. The main conclusions regarding DH systems in Baltic Sea countries are commitment towards a transition to 4th generation DH, raising the quality and efficiency of heat supply systems, and simultaneously minimizing the costs. The overall trends show that applied technologies aim to increase the share of renewable energy sources and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, examples presented in this review underline the importance of the implementation of a smart asset management concept to modern DH systems.

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Territorial Cooperation—A Factor Stimulating Baltic Sea Region Energy Transition

Energies ◽

10.3390/en15020436 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 436

Author(s):

Tomasz Studzieniecki ◽

Tadeusz Palmowski ◽

Remigiusz Joeck

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

System Analysis ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Energy Transition ◽

Energy Sources ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

The Baltic ◽

The Eu

Energy transition is a multi-dimensional process of developing sustainable economies by seeking renewable energy sources, saving energy, and improving energy efficiency. This process follows the rules of sustainable development. The article presents an analysis of energy transition in the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) enjoying long-term and intensive territorial cooperation. The region embraces 11 countries diversified in terms of their economic development level and the use of renewable energy sources. The article strives to answer the question of whether territorial cooperation contributes to BSR energy transition, and if so, in what way. Another goal is to identify the transition drivers that arise from the Baltic Sea Region’s unique characteristics. The authors applied the system analysis methodology. The performed literature studies allowed the researchers to identify the attributes of energy transition. Empirical research relied on secondary sources, including the European Union (EU) statistics, The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region (EUSBSR), and related documents. The key role in the conducted research can be attributed to the EU projects database (keep.eu), which enabled identifying the 2016–2020 programmes and projects. The research identified 14 BSR territorial cooperation programmes and 1471 projects conducted under the programmes, including 137 energy transition-related projects. The project results were presented in quantitative and qualitative terms.

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The Baltic Sea Region and the Cold War

10.3726/978-3-653-01760-1 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

Cold War ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

The Baltic ◽

The Cold War

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Tracing the SW border of the Svecofennian Domain in the Baltic Sea region: evidence from petrology and geochronology from a granodioritic migmatite

International Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1007/s00531-021-02005-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Evgenia Salin ◽

Jeremy Woodard ◽

Krister Sundblad

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Short Distance ◽

Sedimentary Cover ◽

Crystalline Basement ◽

Drill Core ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

Drill Site ◽

Southwestern Margin ◽

The Baltic

AbstractGeological investigations of a part of the crystalline basement in the Baltic Sea have been performed on a drill core collected from the depth of 1092–1093 m beneath the Phanerozoic sedimentary cover offshore the Latvian/Lithuanian border. The sample was analyzed for geochemistry and dated with the SIMS U–Pb zircon method. Inherited zircon cores from this migmatized granodioritic orthogneiss have an age of 1854 ± 15 Ma. Its chemical composition and age are correlated with the oldest generation of granitoids of the Transscandinavian Igneous Belt (TIB), which occur along the southwestern margin of the Svecofennian Domain in the Fennoscandian Shield and beneath the Phanerozoic sedimentary cover on southern Gotland and in northwestern Lithuania. It is suggested that the southwestern border of the Svecofennian Domain is located at a short distance to the SW of the investigated drill site. The majority of the zircon population shows that migmatization occurred at 1812 ± 5 Ma, with possible evidence of disturbance during the Sveconorwegian orogeny.

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A review of the cultivation potential of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus (L.)) in the Baltic Sea region: a promising candidate species for marine aquaculture in Russia

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/689/1/012040 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 689 (1) ◽

pp. 012040

Author(s):

D Pyanov

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Scophthalmus Maximus ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Promising Candidate ◽

Marine Aquaculture ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

Candidate Species ◽

Turbot Scophthalmus Maximus ◽

The Baltic

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Variation of growth and phenology traits in poplars planted in clonal trials in Northern Europe—implications for breeding

BioEnergy Research ◽

10.1007/s12155-021-10262-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anneli Adler ◽

Almir Karacic ◽

Ann-Christin Rönnberg Wästljung ◽

Ulf Johansson ◽

Kaspars Liepins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Populus Trichocarpa ◽

Selection Criterion ◽

Volume Index ◽

Northern Europe ◽

Bud Burst ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

European Climate ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

The Baltic

AbstractThe increased demand for wood to replace oil-based products with renewable products has lifted focus to the Baltic Sea region where the environment is favorable for woody biomass growth. The aim of this study was to estimate broad-sense heritabilities and genotype-by-environment (G×E) interactions in growth and phenology traits in six climatically different regions in Sweden and the Baltics. We tested the hypothesis that both bud burst and bud set have a significant effect on the early growth of selected poplar clones in Northern Europe. Provenance hybrids of Populus trichocarpa adapted to the Northern European climate were compared to reference clones with adaptation to the Central European climate. The volume index of stemwood was under low to medium genetic control with heritabilities from 0.22 to 0.75. Heritabilities for phenology traits varied between 0.31 and 0.91. Locally chosen elite clones were identified. G×E interactions were analyzed using pairwise comparisons of the trials. Three different breeding zones for poplars between the latitudes of 55° N and 60° N in the Baltic Sea Region were outlined. The studied provenance hybrids with origin from North America offer a great possibility to broaden the area with commercial poplar plantations in Northern Europe and further improve the collection of commercial clones to match local climates. We conclude that phenology is an important selection criterion after growth.

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Boosting urban health and well-being through cross-sectoral cooperation

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.376 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

A Liinamo ◽

K Matinheikki-Kokko ◽

I Gobina ◽

A Villeruša

Keyword(s):

Health Promotion ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

Well Being ◽

The Self ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Health And Wellbeing ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

The Baltic ◽

Health And Well Being

Abstract In the future, health promotion would require developed strategies that lead to stronger cross-sectoral cooperation. Cross-sectoral cooperation enables the integration of fragmented resources and competencies, which benefit service solutions for urban health. Healthy Boost “Urban Labs for Better Health for All in the Baltic Sea Region”, funded by the EU Interreg Baltic Sea Region -program, aims to develop the Model for cross-sectoral cooperation, which will be tested in the cities of the Baltic Sea Region during 2020-21. The self-assessment tool for cross-sectoral cooperation was developed, and the self-assessment among the nine cities in seven countries from the Baltic Sea Region was conducted in 2019. The results indicated to what extent the staff (n = 329) in the cities have recognized the cross-sectoral cooperation for health and wellbeing as strategically crucial in their policies, communication, and in the design of their organizational functions. The daily practices were evaluated in terms of how systematically cities have implemented cross-sector actions for health and wellbeing. The biggest challenges for cooperating across sectors for the cities were coordination and systematic identification of the community needs for health promotion. The cooperative actions were less systematic than expected in the strategic approach. The variation among respondents' assessments was high within the cities that lead to a conclusion about existing gaps in coordination, communication, and leadership of cross-sectoral work within the cities. The Likert type self-assessment measurement was statistically reliable in both strategic and operational dimensions of cooperation. Key messages Evaluation and measurements are needed to identify cross-sectoral actions to health and well-being. The evidence-based Model developed in the Healthy Boost project will guide partners towards systematic cross-sectoral cooperation processes.

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Assessing the costs and environmental benefits of IMO regulations of ship-originated SOx and NOx emissions in the Baltic Sea

AMBIO ◽

10.1007/s13280-021-01500-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sari Repka ◽

Anne Erkkilä-Välimäki ◽

Jan Eiof Jonson ◽

Maximilian Posch ◽

Janne Törrönen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Critical Loads ◽

Considerable Effect ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Ecosystem Impacts ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

Emission Regulation ◽

The Baltic ◽

Exhaust Gas Emissions

AbstractTo assess the value of the environmental benefits of the Sulphur Emission regulation (SECA) that came into force in 2015, changes in depositions of SOx and NOx from ship exhaust gas emissions were modelled and monetized for the Baltic Sea region for the years 2014 and 2016. During this period, the total deposition of SOx in the study area decreased by 7.3%. The decrease in ship-originated SOx deposition from 38 kt to 3.4 kt (by over 88%) was translated into a monetary value for the ecosystem impacts of nearly 130 million USD, according to the EcoValue08 model. This is less than the modelled health benefits, but it is not insignificant. For NOx, there was no decreasing trend. The exceedance of the critical loads of SOx and NOx was also estimated. The effect of Baltic shipping on the exceedance of critical loads of acidification after SECA is very small, but Baltic shipping still has a considerable effect on the exceedance of critical loads for eutrophication.

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