Assessing the Human, Social, and Environmental Risks of Pervasive Computing

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 853-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenz M. Hilty ◽  
Claudia Som ◽  
Andreas Köhler
Author(s):  
Fabíola Negreiros de Oliveira ◽  
Luiza Ribeiro Alves Cunha ◽  
Tharcisio Cotta Fontainha ◽  
Adriana Leiras ◽  
Paula Santos Ceryno

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Marta Wójcik

Nowadays, the fast growing of the automotive sector is one of the main social and environmental risks in the world. “Green” solutions in an automotive sector are included in designing, production, exploitation and the final utilization of vehicles. The reduction of harmful impact of vehicles on the environment might be achieved by the use of ecological construction materials or by the assembly of systems which influence the fuel consumption. Construction innovations, especially the application of biodegradable and recycled materials in an automotive sector, were showed in the first part of article. This paper presents the technologies which influence the operation of the engine. The aforementioned solutions in conjunction with the eco-driving can limit the harmful impact of the automotive sector on the environment. The initial economic analysis associated with the application of ecological innovations in vehicles and their impact on the annual cost of the acquisition of fuel was also presented.


2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 05025
Author(s):  
M.B. Vidrevich ◽  
G.Yu. Pakhalchak

Investment activity plays a significant role in achieving the strategic goals of the development of society, and has a significant impact on the state of the environmental and economic system. Recently, quite often, the interests of various groups related to the preservation of the environment come into conflict with the need for economic development, and hence the impossibility of investing in this development. In this case, potential or real investors lose the money invested. The purpose of the research is to consider the features of environmental and social risks of implementing investment projects, to consider the features of social and environmental risks and to show the need to take into account social and environmental risks for the implementation of investment projects, as well as suggest ways to minimize them. It is shown that the effectiveness of the implementation of investment projects and the reduction of possible losses of investors can be achieved by real consideration of social and environmental risks. Some instruments to reduce the risks of implementing investment projects are proposed.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjoo Hahm ◽  
Selim Raihan

Using a Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model, and China as the base for analytical comparison, this paper shows that there are significant economic benefits to China and the participating countries along all six Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) economic corridors. However, to maximize these benefits, the social and environmental risks need to be well managed. The analysis shows a clear sequencing in terms of priority corridors. Two corridors have minimal investments and immediate returns, two corridors have significant investments with huge returns, and two corridors have high investments with lower returns. Overall, the paper demonstrates that to ensure the sustainability of any BRI corridor development, there is a need to consider its costs and benefits from the economic, social and environmental perspectives.


2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
A.R. Bowden ◽  
J.H. Martin ◽  
J. Mitchell

Environmental and social issues are now well established within the business risk profile of petroleum companies. Community outcry in relation to events like the Brent Spar disposal controversy, and public reaction over siting and approvals of a gas pipeline in Thailand, have exposed the commercial consequences associated with public disaffection. Despite their obvious financial impact, social and environmental risks are often not adequately addressed in business risk management strategies, due to the perceived difficulty in analysing these risks in financial terms.This paper presents an innovative, systematic approach for identifying and characterising social and environmental risks in financial terms, and developing prioritised strategies for holistic business risk management. This approach has been developed and successfully employed in a wide range of applications, including comparative financial risk assessments of project options; determination of the financial risk of acquisitions; financial reporting of contingent liability; developing financial assurance bonds; and development of asset management plans. The approach has substantial application in the petroleum industry.


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