Altering Focus Of Attention Effects Isometric Muscular Endurance And Heart Rate During Fitness Testing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Logan T. Markwell ◽  
Russel Nolan ◽  
Blake Brown ◽  
Hubert Makaruk ◽  
Jared M. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
Muscular Endurance

scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Safe Special Fitness Testing in Judo Players

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiesław Błach ◽  
Tadeusz Ambroży ◽  
Zbigniew Obmiński ◽  
Nikos Malliaronopoulos ◽  
Juliusz Migasiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
Specific Exercise ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Blood Lactate Levels

Abstract Background: Measurements of physical fitness indices obtained in laboratory tests using an ergometer or a treadmill are very accurate, but they involve selected groups of muscles and do not reproduce the structure of the sport-specific exercise in judo. For this reason, researchers seek for the tests that use movements similar to the characteristic offensive techniques used during competitions (i.e. throwing). The most commonly recommended is the seoi-nage throwing test, known as SJFT (special judo fitness test).The aim of the study was to develop a new test in which uke is replaced by a dummy, in order to reduce the injury rate and ensure the safety of the participants.Methods: During the 3-week period, competitors from different weight classes performed at the beginning and then after the 2-week period one 1-minute series of continual dummy throws using the o-goshi technique and the seoi-nage technique. Post-exercise physiological responses (heart rate [HR] and blood lactate levels [La]) were evaluated.Results: Significant improvements were reported in o-goshi performance level after the training period. Physiological responses to exercise did not change significantly after training sessions. On both measurement days, post-exercise La levels were similar for o-goshi and seoi-nage throws, whereas post-exercise HR was significantly greater after seoi-nage throws.Conclusions: The dummy throwing test can be a recommended alternative to uke throwing due to the elimination of the risk of injuries to practising athletes.

Differences in heart rate variability between Asian and Caucasian children living in the same Canadian community

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine E Reed ◽  
Darren E.R Warburton ◽  
Crystal L Whitney ◽  
Heather A McKay
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
High Frequency Power ◽  
Asian Children ◽  
Frequency Power

Heart rate variability (HRV) is an umbrella term for a variety of measures that assess autonomic influence on the heart. Reduced beat-to-beat variability is found in individuals with a variety of cardiac abnormalities. A reduced HRV positively correlates with obesity, poor aerobic fitness, and increasing age. Racial (black-white) differences are apparent in adults and adolescents. We aimed to evaluate (i) Asian-Caucasian differences in HRV and (ii) differences in HRV between girls and boys. Sixty-two children (30 male (15 Caucasian, 15 Asian) and 32 female (15 Caucasian, 17 Asians)) with a mean age of 10.3 ± 0.6 y underwent 5 min resting HRV recording, fitness testing (Leger's 20 m shuttle), and self-assessed maturity. Outcome HRV measures were a ratio of low to high frequency power (LF:HF), standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDRR) and root mean square of successive R-R intervals (RMSSD). Data were compared between groups using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). There were no race or sex differences for time domain variables, mean R-R, body mass index, or blood pressure. Compared with Caucasian children, Asian children displayed a higher adjusted (fitness, R-R interval) LF:HF ratio (72.9 ± 59.4 vs. 120.6 ± 85.3, p < 0.05). Girls demonstrated a higher adjusted LF:HF power than boys (117.2 ± 85.1 vs. 76.6 ± 62.4, p = < 0.05). In conclusion, Asian and Caucasian children display different frequency domain components of heart rate variability.Key words: autonomic nervous system, sympathetic, vagal, race, aerobic fitness, sex.

scholarly journals The association between physical fitness and health in a nationally representative sample of Canadian children and youth aged 6 to 17 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin J. Lang ◽  
Richard Larouche ◽  
Mark S. Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Nationally Representative

Introduction This study explored the relationship between physical fitness and indicators of physical and psychosocial health in a nationally representative sample of Canadian children and youth aged 6–17 years. Methods We conducted a secondary data analysis of Canadian Health Measures Survey (Cycles 1 and 2; 2007-2011) data. The physical fitness measures included cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF; modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test), strength (handgrip strength), flexibility (sit-and-reach), and muscular endurance (partial curl-ups). The physical health indicators included directly measured biomarkers (total and HDL [high-density lipoprotein] cholesterol, C-reactive protein, glucose, and HbA1c [glycohaemoglobin]) and measures of adiposity, resting heart rate, and blood pressure. Psychosocial health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multiple linear regressions were used to determine the association between variables, stratified by age groups and sex. Results 3,800 (48.9% female) children and youth were retained for this analysis. CRF displayed significant favourable associations with most physical health indicators in male and female participants. There were less significant favourable associations with flexibility and muscular endurance compared with CRF across age and sex groups. Strength was associated with higher adiposity in males and females, and lower heart rate in male children (β = −1.9; 95% CI: −2.9, −1.0) and female youth (β = −2.0; 95% CI: −2.7, −1.2). There were few significant favourable associations between measures of physical fitness and psychosocial health in this sample of children and youth. Conclusion These findings suggest that physical fitness, and especially CRF, is a significant indicator of physical health among Canadian children and youth aged 6–17 years.

scholarly journals P3-079: MAXIMAL CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS TESTING AND HEART RATE RECOVERY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. P956-P956
Author(s):  
Evan Pasha ◽  
Benjamin Tseng ◽  
Takashi Tarumi ◽  
Tsubasa Tomoto ◽  
Munro Cullum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Fitness Testing

scholarly journals Effects of Attentional Focus on Muscular Endurance: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Jozo Grgic ◽  
Pavle Mikulic
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
External Focus ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Internal Focus ◽  
Cohen's D

Several studies explored the effects of attentional focus on resistance exercise, but their analysed outcomes most commonly involved surface electromyography variables. Therefore, the effects of attentional focus on resistance exercise performance remain unclear. The aim of this review was to perform a meta-analysis examining the acute effects of external focus vs. internal focus vs. control on muscular endurance. Five databases were searched to find relevant studies. The data were pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis. In the analysis for external vs. internal focus of attention, there were seven comparisons with 14 study groups. In the analyses for external focus vs. control and internal focus vs. control, there were six comparisons with 12 study groups. An external focus of attention enhanced muscular endurance when compared with an internal focus (Cohen’s d: 0.58; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.34 and 0.82) and control (Cohen’s d: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.08 and 0.76). In the analysis for internal focus vs. control, there was no significant difference between the conditions (Cohen’s d: –0.19; 95% CI: –0.45 and 0.07). Generally, these results remained consistent in the subgroup analyses for upper-body vs. lower-body exercises. From a practical perspective, the results presented in this review suggest that individuals should use an external focus of attention for acute enhancement of muscular endurance.

Anxiety and obsessional disorders

Psychiatry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca McKnight ◽  
Jonathan Price ◽  
John Geddes
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
External Threat ◽  
Threatening Situation

In the community, the term ‘anxiety’ is frequently as­sociated with a stressful Western lifestyle and thought of as a modern phenomenon— but this is far from the case. Anxiety disorders were clearly described as early as the writings of Hippocrates, and have been preva­lent in literary characterization to the present. Anxiety disorders are the most common type of psychiatric disorder, with one in three people experiencing them during a lifetime. They are characterized by marked, persistent mental and physical symptoms of anxiety, that are not secondary to another disorder and that impact negatively upon the sufferer’s life. Anxiety dis­orders may be primary psychiatric conditions, or a sec­ondary response to the stress associated with physical illness and its treatment. Many people with anxiety disorders never seek medical attention, but these are commonly seen conditions in both primary and sec­ondary care, and they may present with either mental or physical complaints. Obsessive– compulsive disorder is also considered in this chapter. Its relationship to anxiety disorders is uncertain— classification systems currently separate the two— but there are some important common features. Normal anxiety is the response to threatening situ­ations. Feelings of apprehension are accompanied by physiological changes that prepare for defence or escape (‘fight or flight’), notably increases in heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and muscle tension. Sympathetic nervous system activity is increased, causing symptoms such as tremor, sweating, polyuria, and diarrhoea. Attention and concentration are fo­cused on the threatening situation. Anxiety is a bene­ficial response in dangerous situations, and should occur in everyday situations of perceived threat (e.g. examinations). Abnormal anxiety is a response that is similar but out of proportion to the threat and/ or is more pro­longed, or occurs when there is no threat. With one exception, the symptoms of anxiety disorders are the same as those of a normal anxiety response. The ex­ception is that the focus of attention is not the external threat (as in the normal response) but the physio­logical response itself. Thus in abnormal anxiety, at­tention is focused on a symptom such as increased heart rate. This focus of attention is accompanied by concern about the cause of the symptom.

scholarly journals Changes in Health and Physical Fitness Parameters After Six Months of Group Exercise Training in Firefighters

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Sokoloski ◽  
Brandon R. Rigby ◽  
C. Ryan Bachik ◽  
Ryan A. Gordon ◽  
Isaac F. Rowland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
Fitness Parameters

Proper training methods may be used as an effective preventative measure for many of the musculoskeletal injuries sustained as a first responder that are inherent to the profession. The traditionally low fitness levels and poor exercise habits of city firefighters may predispose this population to an increased risk of chronic conditions, such as cardiovascular and metabolic disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in the health and fitness parameters of professional firefighters across North Texas during a six-month training program. Twenty-two professional firefighters completed six months of group training, consisting of two training sessions per week. These individuals underwent a pre- and post-fitness testing protocol that consisted of body composition, range of motion, anaerobic power, muscular endurance, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Improvements (p < 0.05) in flexibility, anaerobic performance, fatigue index, muscular endurance, and aerobic fitness were found following the six-month training program. No differences in body composition or peak power were observed (p > 0.05). Six months of group exercise improves aerobic and anaerobic fitness, exercise tolerance, muscular endurance, and flexibility in firefighters.

The Demands of Amputee Soccer Impair Muscular Endurance and Power Indices But Not Match Physical Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário A.M. Simim ◽  
Gustavo R. da Mota ◽  
Moacir Marocolo ◽  
Bruno V.C. da Silva ◽  
Marco Túlio de Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Power Indices ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Time Motion

We investigated the match demands (distances covered and acute physiological responses) of amputee soccer and its impact on muscular endurance and power. Measures such as heart rate, blood lactate concentration, subjective rating of perceived exertion, and time-motion characteristics were recorded in 16 Brazilian amputee soccer players during matches. Before and after matches, players completed a battery of tests: push-ups, countermovement vertical jump performance, and medicine ball throwing. Small differences were found between the first and second half for the distance covered in total and across various speed categories. Heart rate responses, blood lactate concentrations, and peak speed did not differ between halves, and all neuromuscular performance measures decreased after the match particularly after push-ups, although the rating of perceived exertion increased markedly compared with prematches. Although match physical performances were consistent across halves, the overall demands impaired test performance, especially for upper limb and closed kinetic chain exercise.

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