Socio-economic assessment of different cocoa agroforestry systems in the forest-Savannah transition zone in central Côte d’Ivoire

To maintain its status of leading producer of cocoa in the world, Côte d'Ivoire must be contain the different types of threats, including the emergence of termites in cocoa farms. This study was conducted in the south-west of the country to evaluate the effect of cropping systems (full sun system, intermediate system and shaded system) on termite attacks. The study was conducted in four localities with different cocoa agroforestry systems. The sampling was made on cocoa trees in quadrats of 30mx30m and the attack rate was calculated. Eleven (11) termite species were identified. The wood-feeders groups were dominant. These termites were responsible for 41.82% of the damage on cocoa trees. Termite Attacks vary between different cropping systems. Full sun systems were most attacked comparing to intermediate shade systems that were least attacked by termites. This work shows that the shade system has an effect on termite attacks in cacao trees. The choice of right system can help to significantly reduce termite attacks in cocoa farms.

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Caracterisation Des Pratiques Agroforestieres A Base De Cacaoyers En Zone De Foret Dense Semi- Decidue : Cas De La Localite De Lakota (Centre- Ouest, Cote d’Ivoire)

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2016.v12n21p50 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (21) ◽

pp. 50 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cisse Abdoulaye ◽

Aka Jean Claude Kouadio ◽

Kouame Djaha ◽

Vroh Bi Tra Aimé ◽

Adou Yao Constant Yves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exotic Species ◽

Ethnic Group ◽

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Deciduous Forest ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Native People ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Local Species

In the area of Lakota (Midwest, Côte d'Ivoire), where the vegetation is a semi-deciduous forest, cacao growing is practiced by people from different origins. Cacao cropping techniques seem to be influenced by some social and cultural habits, according to the people and the agroecological areas. The present study aimed to understand(1) the cacao cropping systems and to identify(2) the reasons underlying the choice of vegetal species combined to cacao trees in these rural communities. To achieve this goal, interviews were realised with cacao farmers of four villages of the area. These interviews concern farmers’ profiles, the former agriculture practices, the variety of the cultivated cacao and the plants combined to cacao trees. The results show that among the 223 interviewed farmers, 72 (32.3% of the farmers) are natives, 42 (18.8% of the farmers) are immigrants and 109 (48.9% of the farmers) are non-native Ivorians. In total, 77 species regularly combined to cacao trees were named by the farmers and they can be divided into local species and exotic species. Plots ordination shows three agroforestry systems according to ethnic group of the locality. Cacao farms with the large proportion of local species are owned by Lakota native people "Dida". The exotic species are dominant in cacao farms that belong to immigrants (Malian, Burkina Faso and Guinean people) and "Malinké" people (a non-native ivorian ethnic group). The Akan people (a non-native ivorian ethnic group) combine in a same proportions exotic and local species in their cacao farms.

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Identification of Agromorphological Determinants Favoring the Propagation of Bacterial Disease in Agroforestry Farms of Cashew Trees in Côte d'Ivoire

Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research ◽

10.9734/ajaar/2021/v15i230148 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 29-37

Author(s):

Brou Kouassi Guy ◽

Oro Zokou Franck ◽

Doga Dabé ◽

Leki Konan Bertrand ◽

Kouassi Koffi II Nazaire ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Hierarchical Classification ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Bacterial Disease ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Ascending Hierarchical Classification

In Côte d'Ivoire, cashew cultivation faces several health obstacles. Among these problems, bacteriosis causes extensive damage to twigs, leaves and fruits, lowers the quality of crops and causes yield losses. The spread of this disease would be under the determination of the morphological characters of the cashew tree. The objective of this study is to search for agro-morphological determinants that influence the spread of bacteriosis in agroforestry systems in Côte d'Ivoire. To achieve this objective, 30 cashew trees spread across 26 agroforestry cashew orchards in the Korhogo, Sinématiali and Boundiali departments were chosen and geolocated. The study factor is the clone, consisting of 30 cashew genotypes, with 13 modalities. The collected data was subjected to descriptive analysis, correlation test, ACP and ascending hierarchical classification (CAH). The results obtained showed that the size and leaf areas and size of cashew trees are determinants that promote the spread of bacteriosis in these 30 cashew genotypes. Following this result, the ascending hierarchical classification (CAH) made it possible to screen the genotypes into three groups. These results should contribute to the agroecological management of bacteriosis, to enhance and intensify agroforestry cropping systems in Côte d'Ivoire.

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Impact of Agroforestry Systems on Mineral Fertility of Soils under Cocoa Trees in Toumodi, Côte D'ivoire

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i1730545 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 10-22

Author(s):

N'ganzoua Kouame Rene ◽

Kouame Amany Guillaume ◽

Voui Bi Bianuvrin Noel Boue ◽

Bakayoko Sidiky

Keyword(s):

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Major Elements ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Northern Latitudes ◽

The Impact

Aims: To evaluate the impact of different agroforestry systems on the mineral fertility of soils under cocoa trees. Place and duration of study: The experiment was conducted in the field from June to August 2020 in three types of cocoa-based agroforestry systems identified in Toumodi (Côte d'Ivoire) between the northern latitudes 6°19'37 and 6°34'51 and the western longitudes 5°19'58 and 5°20'02. in the forest-savanna transition zone Methodology: Agroforestry systems define a method of setting up plantations associating various trees with cocoa trees. The choice of cocoa plantations was guided by the density of trees associated with cocoa trees defining a typology of agroforests (simple, mixed or complex). Thus, in each agroforestry system considered, three delimited plots of 100 m2 were randomly placed to make a floristic inventory of the species encountered and each time to take elementary soil samples in the first horizons at 0-20 cm and 20 - 40 cm depth to constitute the composite samples for chemical analyses in the laboratory. Results: The study identified and recorded floristically, 17 families (Anacardiaceae, Apocynaceae, Arecaceae, Bombacaceae, Caricaceae, Combretaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Invingiaceae, Lauraceae, Meliaceae, Mimosaceae, Moraceae, Musaceae, Myristicaceae, Rutaceae, Sterculiaceae, Verbenaceae) distributed in 27 local plant species of which 55.55% of the species and a density of 55 trees/hectare in SAGS, 70.37% of the species and a density of 155.33 trees/hectare in MAGS and 81.40% of the species 224.33 trees/hectare in CAGS. These arboricultural species introduced or maintained in the plantations are generally species with shade, food, economic or medicinal interests. In terms of the chemical fertility generated, it appears that the contents of major elements and trace elements, as well as the clay-humus complex of the soils under cocoa trees were globally satisfactory and more important in the superficial horizons at a depth of 0-20 cm than in the underlying horizon of 20-40 cm, whatever the type of agroforestry system considered, but much more so in MAGS than in CAGS and SAGS in decreasing order. The different positive (R=0.80) or negative (R=-0.80) correlations established between the mineral elements in the surface horizons contribute to enrich the soil by synergistic or antagonistic effects in the agroforestry systems of Toumodi, Côte d'Ivoire. Conclusion: The study showed that each forest agroforestry system has distinct characteristics that can be summarized mainly by its floristic diversity and density of associated trees. They are all not only preservers of a certain level of biodiversity and chemical fertility of the soils under cocoa trees, but much more so at 0-20cm than at 20-40cm. However, AGM would be more likely to improve production in a sustainable way by its capacity to establish a nutritional balance in the soil. It can be recommended during the establishment of cocoa plantations in Côte d'Ivoire.

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Ligneux à usages multiples dans les systèmes agraires tropicaux: une étude de cas de Côte d'Ivoire | Multipurpose Trees in Tropical Agricultural Systems: a Case Study from Côte d'Ivoire

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen ◽

10.3188/szf.2000.0355 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 151 (10) ◽

pp. 355-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Matthias Mollet ◽

Henri Téré ◽

Felix Herzog

Keyword(s):

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Tree Species ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Local Population ◽

Forest Products ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Agricultural Systems ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Non Timber Forest Products

The potential of multipurpose tree species as sources of non-timber forest products (NTFP) in the Centre and East of Côte d'Ivoire and their introduction into the agricultural systems were analysed in order to stabilise,diversify and intensify the local agricultural production in a sustainable way. The species with a special interest for the local population were identified and assessed among 25 NTFP tree species of 44 coffee and cocoa plantations. Five feasible agroforestry systems are proposed.

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Exploring Barriers to Agroforestry Adoption by Cocoa Farmers in South-Western Côte d’Ivoire

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132313075 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (23) ◽

pp. 13075

Author(s):

Jean-Luc Kouassi ◽

Allegra Kouassi ◽

Yeboi Bene ◽

Dieudonné Konan ◽

Ebagnerin J. Tondoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Land Tenure ◽

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Rural Poverty ◽

Added Value ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Cocoa Agroforestry ◽

Cocoa Farmers

Agroforestry is part of the package of good agricultural practices (GAPs) referred to as a reference to basic environmental and operational conditions necessary for the safe, healthy, and sustainable production of cocoa. Furthermore, cocoa agroforestry is one of the most effective nature-based solutions to address global change including land degradation, nutrient depletion, climate change, biodiversity loss, food and nutrition insecurity, and rural poverty and current cocoa supply chain issues. This study was carried out in South-Western Côte d’Ivoire through a household survey to assess the willingness of cocoa farmers to adopt cocoa agroforestry, a key step towards achieving sustainability in the cocoa supply chain markedly threatened by all types of biophysical and socio-economic challenges. In total, 910 cocoa households were randomly selected and individually interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Findings revealed that from the overwhelming proportion of farmers practicing full-sun cocoa farming with little or no companion trees associated, 50.2 to 82.1% were willing to plant and to keep fewer than 20 trees per ha in their farms for more than 20 years after planting. The most preferred trees provide a range of ecosystem services, including timber and food production, as well as shade regulation. More than half of the interviewed households considered keeping in their trees in their plantations for more than 20 years subject to the existence of a formal contract to protect their rights and tree ownership. This opinion is significantly affected by age, gender, access to seedlings of companion trees and financial resources. A bold step forward towards transitioning to cocoa agroforestry and thereby agroecological intensification lies in (i) solving the issue of land tenure and tree ownership by raising awareness about the new forest code and, particularly, the understanding of cocoa agroforestry, (ii) highlighting the added value of trees in cocoa lands, and (iii) facilitating access to improved cocoa companion tree materials and incentives. Trends emerged from this six-year-old study about potential obstacles likely to impede the adoption of agroforestry by cocoa farmers meet the conclusions of several studies recently rolled out in the same region for a sustainable cocoa sector, thereby confirming that not only the relevance of this work but also its contribution to paving the way for the promotion of agroecological transition in cocoa farming.

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Phytodiversity of agroforestry systems with coffee trees and degree of Loranthaceae infestation in the department of Daloa (Central-West, Côte d'Ivoire)

International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology ◽

10.20546/ijcrbp.2021.808.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (08) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

AMON Anoh Denis-Esdras ◽

◽

SAKO Hamed El Amine ◽

MRANKPA Agnero Stephane ◽

SEGUENA Fofana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Persea Americana ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Coffee Plantations ◽

Spondias Mombin ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Significant Difference

The floristic condition of the agroforestry systems established on coffee trees in Daloa, in the Central-West of the Côte d'Ivoire has been carried out. Surface surveys and itinerant surveys identified 123 species, 93 genera and 37 families. Euphorbiaceae and Moraceae are the most represented families. The study made it possible to count 52.03% of the species of the Guinean-Congolese region, 27.65% of the transition species (GC-SZ), 11.3% of the indeterminate species, 5.69% of the endemic species West African and 2.44% of the GCI block species. The degree of infestation of plant species evaluated shows that the values vary from 8.33% at Alchornea cordifolia to 79.17% in Spondias mombin. The results also indicated a significant difference between the degrees of infestation of plant species according to the DBH, the age of the coffee plantations. The rate of infestation of plant species is 33.35±9.84% and the intensity of infestation is 2.83±0.60 tufts/plant. The analysis of the degree of infestation among others of Albizia zygia, Cecropia peltata, Cola nitida, Persea americana, and Spondias mombin has made it possible to identify major problems of Loranthaceae infestation sources posed by the presence of these species in coffee plantations.

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Evaluation of the Behavior of Cashew Genotypes against Anthracnose Disease Aggression in Agroforestry Farms in Northern Côte d'Ivoire

Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science ◽

10.9734/ajrcs/2021/v6i330116 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Brou Kouassi Guy ◽

Doga Dabé ◽

Diarrassouba Nafan ◽

Oro Zokou Franck ◽

N’goran Yao Claude François ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Production Plant ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Anthracnose Disease ◽

The North ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Group 2

As in all cashew producing areas, anthracnose causes enormous production losses in cashew agroforestry farms in Côte d'Ivoire. To overcome this problem, the use of anthracnose-resilient production plant material in cashew forest agrosystems is becoming a necessity for sustainable development. Thus, this study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the behavior of genotypes of cashew trees cultivated in peasant agroforestry systems in the north of Côte d'Ivoire. To do this, peasant agroforestry cashew orchards were prospected, cashew trees were marked, codified and geolocated. The incidence and severity of anthracnose were then assessed on the marked and geotagged cashew leaves, twigs, inflorescences and fruits. Descriptive analysis of the incidence and severity data revealed that more than 50% of the genotypes studied are resilient to anthracnose with an incidence on nuts in the order of 0.00 ± 5.75%. The ACP explained 52.96% of the total variability observed with the first two axes. The CAH made it possible to structure these genotypes into four groups. MANOVA showed that genotypes in groups 2 and 4 exhibited traits of resilience against anthracnose disease. Group 2 was characterized by a relative absence of disease in the fruits (0.00 ±0.00) and by very severe infections in the twigs (88.19 ± 2.98). Groups 4 were differentiated by low fruit infections (1.32±0.32) and low incidence on fruits (2.17±1.09). These results should help promote the agroecological management of anthracnose disease, enhance and intensify agroforestry practices in Côte d'Ivoire.

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