Study on the smoke movement characteristics in large scale interchange tunnel fire

Large-scale landslides often occur in river-type reservoirs, and landslide-generated waves affect navigation channels and the navigation of ships. Thus, such waves cause widespread regional disasters. This study establishes a mechanical model of landslide-generated waves via field investigations and data collection, reveals the mechanism and process of landslide-generated waves, and investigates the propagation characteristics of landslide-generated waves along a sloping wave. The feasibility of the model is verified via (i) regularity analysis, (ii) comparative analysis of the effect of landslide-generated waves of mountain river channel reservoirs on the movement characteristics of navigation vessels and stationary vessels, (iii) deviation from the equilibrium position, and (iv) an in-depth study of the influence of large-scale landslide-generated waves on ships in different navigation positions in a river channel. Countermeasures are proposed for a sailing ship to tackle a sudden landslide-generated wave; these measures can provide a theoretical basis for ships to sail safely through large-scale landslide-generated waves.

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Study of smoke movement characteristics in tunnel fires in high‐altitude areas

Fire and Materials ◽

10.1002/fam.2770 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 65-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Guanfeng Yan ◽

Mingnian Wang ◽

Li Yu ◽

Yuan Tian ◽

Xiaohan Guo

Keyword(s):

High Altitude ◽

Smoke Movement ◽

Tunnel Fires ◽

Movement Characteristics

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Numerical Simulations of Dynamics of a Tunnel Fire

Volume 2, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/ht-fed2004-56154 ◽

2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kedar Pathak ◽

Kendrick Aung

Keyword(s):

Fire Hazard ◽

Radiation Heat Transfer ◽

Fire Behavior ◽

Radiant Heat ◽

Temperature Fields ◽

Smoke Movement ◽

Transit Systems ◽

Tunnel Fire ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽

Turbulent Models

Study of fire in a tunnel is very important for fire safety. Increasing concerns over terrorism put a lot of focus on the fires in tunnels as they are used extensively in mass transit systems all over the world. A lot of experiments have been carried out to study the fire hazard, smoke movement, and the effects of ventilation on fire behavior. In this paper, dynamics of a ventilated tunnel fire have been simulated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Software, CFX 5.6, from Ansys Inc. Simulations considers different models of turbulence and radiation heat transfer. Combustion of methane is modeled using the chemical reaction schemes available in the CFX software. Two turbulent models, k–ε and Shear Stress Transport, are considered. Radiant heat exchange between the species is modeled using P1 model available in CFX 5.6. The results of the simulation have highlighted the effects of ventilation on the fire and movement of harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide. Comparison of simulated temperature fields and flame shape with the experimental data has shown good agreement.

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Fire behaviour of large scale loaded tunnel segment tests for project Rotterdamsebaan, The Netherlands

10.2749/ghent.2021.1357 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kamakshi Parwani ◽

Jos Bienefelt ◽

Tomas Rakovec ◽

Frank Haring

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Large Scale ◽

Concrete Slabs ◽

Fire Tests ◽

Important Conclusion ◽

Tunnel Fire ◽

Cover Concrete ◽

Fire Curve ◽

In Fire ◽

Reliable Methods

<p>Assessing the performance of tunnels in fire is becoming increasingly crucial for the overall usability and durability of the structure. One of the most reliable methods for evaluating the presentation of the concrete during fire in tunnels is by testing. In this work, the fire tests performed on the Victory Boogie Woogietunnel, project Rotterdamsebaan (The Hague, the Netherlands) are discussed. The study aims to assess the fire performance of the cut and cover concrete section when subjected to a tunnel fire curve. A series of 6 fire tests were performed on concrete slabs of the size 5,0 m x 2,4 m x 0,4 m when exposed to Rijkswaterstaat (RWS) fire curve for 120 minutes. Based on the work, one of the main conclusions drawn were that it is necessary to test a large-scale specimen to judge the performance of a protection system accurately. Another important conclusion is that the test specimen should have the concrete mixture which accurately represents the tunnel concrete to avoid uncertainty in the fire induced spalling behaviour of concrete.</p>

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Analysis of smoke movement in the Hsuehshan tunnel fire

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology ◽

10.1016/j.tust.2018.11.007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 84 ◽

pp. 142-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yu-Jen Chen ◽

Chi-Min Shu ◽

San-Ping Ho ◽

Hsiang-Cheng Kung ◽

Shen-Wen Chien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoke Movement ◽

Tunnel Fire

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One-Dimensional Smoke Movement in Vertical Open Shafts at Steady State: Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Verification

Heat Transfer: Volume 3 ◽

10.1115/ht2008-56085 ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiaoqian Sun ◽

Yuanzhou Li ◽

Longhua Hu ◽

Ran Huo ◽

Wanki Chow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Temperature Rise ◽

Large Scale ◽

Near Field ◽

Vertical Direction ◽

Scale Model ◽

Upward Movement ◽

Smoke Movement ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Upward Velocity

Smoke movement in a vertical open shaft was studied by considering heat transfer to side walls and density variation due to temperature rise. Such factors used to be ignored but should be important when studying large scale upward movement of smoke in shafts with large height-to-span ratio. Steady state one-dimensional flow in the vertical direction in the shaft was theoretically described. Boussinesq approximation was not suitable in the model when the smoke temperature was high under bigger fires. The near field plume characteristics at the bottom of shaft were described based on a virtual point source assumed. The mass flow rate at the inlet level of the shaft was then calculated by using the Heskestad model. The predicted temperature rise and upward velocity were shown to both decay exponentially with height and the Nusselt number at steady state, but increased with the Reynolds number in shaft. Experiments with a 1/8 scale model were carried out to study smoke movement for different fires and were used to verify the theoretical analysis. Predicted results agreed satisfactorily with the measured values. The fire size was found to be the most important factor affecting the temperature rise and upward velocity. Buoyancy would be stronger and the hot gas thermally expanded to accelerate their upward movement.

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