scholarly journals First- and second-order scaffolding of argumentation competence and domain-specific knowledge acquisition: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahuac Valero Haro ◽  
Omid Noroozi ◽  
Harm Biemans ◽  
Martin Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge

Towards Games for Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn Hoppenbrouwers ◽  
Bart Schotten ◽  
Peter Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Formal Representation ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
Modelling Approach ◽  
Representation Of Knowledge

Many model-based methods in AI require formal representation of knowledge as input. For the acquisition of highly structured, domain-specific knowledge, machine learning techniques still fall short, and knowledge elicitation and modelling is then the standard. However, obtaining formal models from informants who have few or no formal skills is a non-trivial aspect of knowledge acquisition, which can be viewed as an instance of the well-known “knowledge acquisition bottleneck”. Based on the authors’ work in conceptual modelling and method engineering, this paper casts methods for knowledge modelling in the framework of games. The resulting games-for-modelling approach is illustrated by a first prototype of such a game. The authors’ long-term goal is to lower the threshold for formal knowledge acquisition and modelling.

Conference interpreting and knowledge acquisition

Interpreting ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-chien Chang ◽  
Michelle Min-chia Wu ◽  
Tien-chun Gina Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
Knowledge Domains ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Analytical Skills ◽  
Short Notice ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge

Abstract This paper describes knowledge acquisition of professional conference interpreters in Taiwan when dealing with unfamiliar topics: the focus is on how the required knowledge is developed before, during and after a conference. We interviewed 10 Chinese-English interpreters, to find out about their preparation for such conferences and their approach to developing domain-specific knowledge. We first collected each interpreter’s five latest conference programs and used these to analyze the knowledge domains covered. We then based each interview on one conference agenda, considered representative by the interpreter, to examine the knowledge acquisition process from pre- to post-conference. The results show strategic preparation of unfamiliar topics: to facilitate comprehension and reformulation, interpreters make good use of conference documents and compile glossaries in which they organize the concepts and terminology specific to the conference. As they assimilate the language usage of the presenters and other participants during the conference, they use their analytical skills to manage any difficulties. Keeping in mind the aims of the event (e.g., commercial, scientific), as well as the profiles of the speakers and target audience, helps to optimize availability of relevant knowledge at short notice and continue updating it during the assignment.

‘I’m an expert in me and I know what I can cope with’: Patient expertise in rheumatoid arthritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Sanderson ◽  
Jo Angouri
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Patient Expertise ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
The Uk

The active involvement of patients in decision-making and the focus on patient expertise in managing chronic illness constitutes a priority in many healthcare systems including the NHS in the UK. With easier access to health information, patients are almost expected to be (or present self) as an ‘expert patient’ (Ziebland 2004). This paper draws on the meta-analysis of interview data collected for identifying treatment outcomes important to patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Taking a discourse approach to identity, the discussion focuses on the resources used in the negotiation and co-construction of expert identities, including domain-specific knowledge, access to institutional resources, and ability to self-manage. The analysis shows that expertise is both projected (institutionally sanctioned) and claimed by the patient (self-defined). We close the paper by highlighting the limitations of our pilot study and suggest avenues for further research.

Domain-Specific Knowledge Systems in the Brain: The Animate-Inanimate Distinction

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Caramazza ◽  
Jennifer R. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Framework ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
Cognitive Neuropsychological ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Selective Impairment

We claim that the animate and inanimate conceptual categories represent evolutionarily adapted domain-specific knowledge systems that are subserved by distinct neural mechanisms, thereby allowing for their selective impairment in conditions of brain damage. On this view, (some of) the category-specific deficits that have recently been reported in the cognitive neuropsychological literature—for example, the selective damage or sparing of knowledge about animals—are truly categorical effects. Here, we articulate and defend this thesis against the dominant, reductionist theory of category-specific deficits, which holds that the categorical nature of the deficits is the result of selective damage to noncategorically organized visual or functional semantic subsystems. On the latter view, the sensory/functional dimension provides the fundamental organizing principle of the semantic system. Since, according to the latter theory, sensory and functional properties are differentially important in determining the meaning of the members of different semantic categories, selective damage to the visual or the functional semantic subsystem will result in a category-like deficit. A review of the literature and the results of a new case of category-specific deficit will show that the domain-specific knowledge framework provides a better account of category-specific deficits than the sensory/functional dichotomy theory.

scholarly journals Toward Knowledge Management for Smart Manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaw C. Feng ◽  
William Z. Bernstein ◽  
Thomas Hedberg ◽  
Allison Barnard Feeney
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Objects ◽  
Planning Production

The need for capturing knowledge in the digital form in design, process planning, production, and inspection has increasingly become an issue in manufacturing industries as the variety and complexity of product lifecycle applications increase. Both knowledge and data need to be well managed for quality assurance, lifecycle impact assessment, and design improvement. Some technical barriers exist today that inhibit industry from fully utilizing design, planning, processing, and inspection knowledge. The primary barrier is a lack of a well-accepted mechanism that enables users to integrate data and knowledge. This paper prescribes knowledge management to address a lack of mechanisms for integrating, sharing, and updating domain-specific knowledge in smart manufacturing (SM). Aspects of the knowledge constructs include conceptual design, detailed design, process planning, material property, production, and inspection. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a methodology on what knowledge manufacturing organizations access, update, and archive in the context of SM. The case study in this paper provides some example knowledge objects to enable SM.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document