Effects of Light Crude Oil Contamination on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fine Sand

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 833-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajab M. Abousnina ◽  
Allan Manalo ◽  
Jim Shiau ◽  
Weena Lokuge
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Light Crude Oil ◽  
Crude Oil Contamination

scholarly journals Effect of Short Fibres in the Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Mortar Containing Oil-Contaminated Sand

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3008
Author(s):  
Rajab Abousnina ◽  
Haifa Ibrahim Alsalmi ◽  
Allan Manalo ◽  
Rochstad Lim Allister ◽  
Omar Alajarmeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Crude Oil Contamination ◽  
Short Fibres

Sand contaminated with crude oil is becoming a major environmental issue around the world, while at the same time, fly ash generated by coal-fired power stations is having a detrimental effect on the environment. Previous studies showed that combining these two waste materials can result in an environmentally sustainable geopolymer concrete. Incorporating sand contaminated with crude oil up to a certain level (4% by weight) can improve the mechanical properties of the produced geopolymer concrete but beyond this level can have a detrimental effect on its compressive strength. To overcome this challenge, this study introduces short fibres to enhance the mechanical properties of geopolymer mortar containing fine sand contaminated with 6% by weight of light crude oil. Four types of short fibres, consisting of twisted polypropylene (PP) fibres, straight PP fibres, short glass fibres and steel fibres in different dosages (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5% by volume of geopolymer mortar) are considered. The optimum strength was obtained when straight PP fibres were used wherein increases of up to 39% and 74% of the compressive and tensile strength, respectively, of the geopolymer mortar were achieved. Moreover, a fibre dosage of 0.5% provided the highest enhancement in the mechanical properties of the geopolymer mortar with 6% crude oil contamination. This result indicates that the reduction in strength of geopolymer due to the addition of sand with 6% crude oil contamination can be regained by using short fibres, making this new material from wastes suitable for building and construction applications.

scholarly journals Changes in soil microbial respiration and physicochemical properties following bonny light crude oil contamination of sandy loam soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
C.N. Eze ◽  
P.I. Orjiakor ◽  
U.J. Ebeifenadi
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Light Crude Oil ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Crude Oil Contamination ◽  
Loam Soil

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Bonny light crude oil contamination of sandy loam soil on aspects of microbial metabolism and physicochemical properties of the soil. Bonny light crude oil (specific gravity = 0.81) was used at eight different levels (0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 10.0%, 15.0% or 20.0% v/w of soil) for the controlled pollution of pristine soil samples, each weighing 1 kg. The experiment lasted for eightweeks. Results of the effects of crude oil on the physicochemical properties of the soil showed that high levels of the oil significantly (p< 0.05) increased soil organic matter but had no significant effect on the pH and moisture content. With the exception of organic carbon, the levels of bioavailable nitrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur and phosphorus in the test samples with higher levels of crude oil (5.0%, 10.0%, 15.0% and 20.0%) were significantly reduced when compared to their levels in the controls. Similarly, higher levels of the oil significantly (p<0.05) reduced soil microbial phospholipid synthesis and CO emission. 2 Correlation analysis using the Pearson's correlation model showed a positive correlation between soil CO and 2 phospholipid (r = 0.74). Keywords: Contamination, Crude oil, Microbial respiration, Physicochemical properties.

Development of a plant microbiome bioremediation system for crude oil contamination

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 105401
Author(s):  
Maimona Saeed ◽  
Noshin Ilyas ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Muhammad Sheeraz ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Crude Oil Contamination ◽  
Plant Microbiome

scholarly journals Comparison of plant growth and remediation potential of pyrochar and thermal desorption for crude oil-contaminated soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noshin Ilyas ◽  
Uzma Shoukat ◽  
Maimona Saeed ◽  
Nosheen Akhtar ◽  
Humaira Yasmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Thermal Desorption ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Crude Oil Contamination ◽  
Germination And Growth

AbstractCrude oil contamination is a serious environmental threat for soil and plants growing in it. This study provides the first experimental evidence for comparison of the efficacy of pyrochar (slow pyrolysis biochar), thermal desorption and their combined application for degradation of crude oil contaminated soil (0%, 10%, and 20%), and growth of lettuce under glasshouse conditions. Pyrochar was produced by pyrolysis of sawdust at 350 °C, whereas thermal desorption was done by soil pyrolysis at 500 °C. Soil incubations were done for 120 days. The results of soil analysis showed that the crude oil degradation efficiency for the combined application was highest (40%), whereas pyrochar and thermal desorption was 25% and 19.6%, respectively. The maximum degradation products of crude oil were manifested by the detection of low molecular weight hydrocarbons (ranged between 173 and 422) in the soil with combined application treatment using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Crude oil contamination significantly reduced the germination and growth of the lettuce plants. Similarly, the combined application also improved plant growth by an increase of 24% in germination percentage, 35.5% in seedling vigor index, and 27% in promptness index under 20% crude oil contamination. Remediation caused a significant increase in fresh and dry biomass (40%), leaf area (30%), total chlorophyll (21%), water potential (23.6%), osmotic potential (27%), and membrane stability index (40%). Moreover, there was an increase in the contents of proline (32%), total amino acids (29%), soluble sugars (37%), proteins (27%), and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (19%), catalase (33%) and peroxidase (38%). This study confirmed the efficacy of pyrochar (slow pyrolysis biochar), thermal desorption, and their combined application for crude oil decontamination of soil at laboratory scale and also in improving soil usability by improved germination and growth of lettuce.

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