scholarly journals Objective and Subjective Socioeconomic Gradients Exist for Sleep Quality, Sleep Latency, Sleep Duration, Weekend Oversleep, and Daytime Sleepiness in Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Christina Jarrin ◽  
Jennifer J. McGrath ◽  
Janice E. Silverstein ◽  
Christopher Drake
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Socioeconomic Gradients ◽  
Quality Sleep

scholarly journals 0401 Sleep Characteristic Differences During Early Postpartum in White and African American Women

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A153-A154
Author(s):  
E E Kishman ◽  
J R Sparks ◽  
J Liu ◽  
L A Castleberry ◽  
J W Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
White Women ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
American Women ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Early Postpartum

Abstract Introduction In the general population, poor sleep quality and shorter sleep duration is associated with several adverse health outcomes. African American adults are more likely to report poorer sleep quality and shorter total sleep duration compared to White adults. However, there is limited information comparing sleep characteristics in White and African American women during postpartum, when many women experience reduced sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to compare sleep quality at 6-8 weeks postpartum in White and African American women. Methods White (n=84) and African American (n=37) women, who gave birth to a singleton at ≥ 37 weeks of gestation, completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) at 6-8 weeks postpartum. The PSQI was used to assess global sleep quality, time in bed, and 7 components regarding sleep. The components included: Subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The ESS total score was used to assess daytime sleepiness. Results The global PSQI score was higher for African American women (8.8 ± 3.3, mean ± SD), indicating poorer sleep quality than White women (7.1 ± 3.0, p=.006). African American women had higher sleep latency and shorter sleep duration compared to White women (p=.0179 and p<.0001, respectively). Time in bed was not statistically different for African American women compared to White women (485.6 ± 143.7 and 530.8 ± 85 minutes/night, p=.08). No other components of the PSQI were significantly different between the two racial groups. African American women scored higher on the ESS than White women (8.9 ± 3.1, 6.6 ± 3.2, p=.0002) indicating greater daytime sleepiness. Conclusion These results suggest that African American women experience lower sleep quality and greater daytime sleepiness in early postpartum compared to White women. Support National Institute On Minority Health And Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R21MD012740.

621 Association of E-cigarette and Tobacco Use with Adolescent Sleep Quality

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A244-A244
Author(s):  
Clare Malhotra ◽  
Deepti Gunge ◽  
Ira Advani ◽  
Shreyes Boddu ◽  
Sedtavut Nilaad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Targeted Marketing

Abstract Introduction Recently, targeted marketing has encouraged teen e-cigarette vaping. Although e-cigarettes are often presented as a safe alternative to conventional tobacco, their toxicity is unclear. In adults, we have previously observed a link between dual usage of e-cigarettes and tobacco with increased sleep latency. We hypothesized an association between dual usage and increased sleep latency. Methods Participants were recruited to complete social media surveys. We performed three surveys: Survey 1 (n=47) in 2018, Survey 2 (n=1198) in 2019, and Survey 3 (n=564) in 2020. Surveys 1 and 2 had three sections: past and current inhalant use, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ). Survey 3 did not include the LCQ, instead including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9). The adolescent data (aged 13–20 years; n=609) were isolated. Results Adolescents reported an increase in sleep duration with increasing age by one-way ANOVA. Males reported no change with increasing age, while, by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, females got significantly more sleep at ages 19 and 20 than at age 14(p<0.01). There was no significant correlation between inhalant use and sleep duration. When broken down by gender, female dual users slept more than female nonsmokers,(p=0.01; mean difference=43.8 minutes; CI=0.11 to 1.36), while there was no difference in males. We observed a significant association between inhalant use and sleep(p=0.0008), with dual use correlated with a longer sleep latency than nonsmokers (mean difference=6.27 minutes; CI=1.40 to 11.13. We saw no correlation between inhalant use and anxiety or depression, nor between inhalant use and cough severity and prevalence. Conclusion In female adolescents, we observed a peak in sleep hours at age 19 but significantly less sleep in fourteen-year olds. College-aged females may have a later wake time relative to middle-school and high-school aged females. Dual inhalant use in females was associated with a long sleep duration, raising concern for sleep disruption caused by dual use. Dual use’s association with increased sleep latency raises concern for nicotine-induced wakefulness. Further data are required in order to define public health strategies. Support (if any) LCA is supported by NIH.

scholarly journals 0836 BORN IN THE USA OR BORN IN MEXICO? IMPLICATIONS FOR SLEEP DURATION, SLEEP QUALITY, SLEEP DISORDERS SYMPTOMS AT THE US-MEXICO BORDER

SLEEP ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. A309-A310
Author(s):  
A Okuagu ◽  
K Granados ◽  
P Alfonso-Miller ◽  
O Buxton ◽  
S Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
The Us ◽  
Quality Sleep ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Us Mexico Border

scholarly journals 1092 Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms And Sleep Characteristics Within A Seasonal Affective Disorder Spectrum

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A415-A416
Author(s):  
K N Kim ◽  
D L Wescott ◽  
P L Franzen ◽  
B P Hasler ◽  
K A Roecklein
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Adhd Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Depression Severity

Abstract Introduction Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) increases risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although the mechanism linking SAD and ADHD is unknown. Prior research has identified insomnia and delayed sleep phase in both ADHD and SAD. We hypothesized that sleep duration and timing in SAD would be associated with the severity of ADHD symptoms. Methods Adults with SAD (n = 45) and subsyndromal SAD (S-SAD; n = 18) aged 19-66 years from Pittsburgh, PA., were assessed for ADHD symptoms, self-report sleep quality, depression severity, and daytime sleepiness in the Winter. Participants wore an Actiwatch for 4-14 days, from which we calculated sleep-onset latency, total sleep time, sleep midpoint, and sleep efficiency. We conducted a hierarchical multivariate linear regression to determine if sleep characteristics predict ADHD symptom severity in our sample while controlling for depressive symptoms. Age and gender were added in Step 1, seasonal depression severity in Step 2, actigraphy-based total sleep time, sleep onset latency, midpoint, and efficiency in Step 3, and self-reported sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in Step 4. Results Participants mostly scored in the “likely” or “highly likely” ADHD range (87.30%, n=55), higher than the national prevalence rate (4.4%). When controlling for age, gender, and depression severity, only shorter actigraphy-based total sleep time was associated with higher ADHD symptom severity (β=-0.30, p<0.05). However, when self-reported sleep quality and daytime sleepiness were added as predictors, total sleep time was no longer a statistically-significant predictor of ADHD symptom severity and only daytime sleepiness predicted ADHD symptom severity (β=0.31, p<0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that individuals with SAD who experience daytime sleepiness and/or possibly shorter actigraphy-based sleep duration experience higher ADHD symptom severity. Treatments like Trans-C or CBT-I to improve daytime sleepiness and sleep duration may be indicated for SAD patients who present with comorbid ADHD symptoms. Support NIMH K.A.R. MH103303

scholarly journals Association between sleep quality and obesity in adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nova juliana Sagala ◽  
Sri Sofyani ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Obese Adolescents

Background Sleep quality can be measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). One component of the PSQI is duration of sleep, which is often highly inadequate in adolescents. Inadequate sleep may lead to obesity in adolescents.Objective To assess for an association between sleep quality and incidence of obesity in adolescents.Methods This case–control study was conducted at Santo Thomas I Senior High School, Medan, North Sumatera,  from July to August 2015. A total of 227 adolescents were divided into two groups: the case group consisting of 101 obese adolescents and the control group consisting of 126 non-obese adolescents. Study data was collected by questionnaires and PSQI. We interviewed subjects on their food consumption for the three days prior and calculated their average caloric intake. The data were analyzed by non-paired T-test, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and multivariate analyses.Results There was a significant association between sleep quality and obesity [OR 3.87 (95%CI 1.920 to 7.829)]. Median PSQI (range) score in the obese group was significantly higher than in the non-obese group [6.00 (2-16) vs. 5.00 (2-12), respectively (P=0.0001)]. In addition, sleep latency (P=0.002) and sleep duration (P=0.0001) were significantly different between groups. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between poor sleep quality and high caloric intake.Conclusion Sleep duration in obese adolescents is significantly shorter than that in non-obese adolescents. In addition, sleep latency in obese adolescents was significantly longer than that in non-obese adolescents.

scholarly journals Analysis of NHANES 2005–2016 Data Showed Significant Association Between Micro and Macronutrient Intake and Various Sleep Variables (P06-103-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chioma Ikonte ◽  
Carroll Reider ◽  
Victor Fulgoni ◽  
Susan Mitmesser
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Macronutrient Intake ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Quality Sleep

Abstract Objectives To understand the association between micro and macronutrient intake and sleep variables from the National Health and Nutrition Evaluation Survey (NHANES, 2005–2016). Methods Data analysis was performed using SAS 9.4; regression analysis was used to assess the relationship (p < 0.05) of nutrient intake with sleep variables. All nutrients were individual usual intakes determined using the National Cancer Institute method from food plus supplements; covariates included age, gender, ethnicity, poverty income ration, current smoking status and physical activity level. Individuals 16+ years of age were included in the analysis; pregnant or lactating females and those with unreliable dietary recalls were excluded in the analysis. Seven (7) Sleep variables included in the analysis were short sleep hours (<7 hrs of sleep) and trouble sleeping (NHANES 2005–2016), sleep disorder (NHANES, 2005–2014) and poor sleep quality, insomnia, sleep latency, and use of sleeping pills >5 times in the last month (NHANES 2005–2008). Results In adults (males and females) 19+ years, 32.7% experienced short sleep; 47.3% poor sleep quality; 8.94% a sleep disorder; 37.9% sleep latency; 9.30% used sleeping pills; 15.1% exhibited insomnia; and 27.7% experienced sleep trouble. Within this population, short sleep was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the greatest number of nutrients; showing an inverse association with magnesium, niacin, vitamin D, calcium, and dietary fiber intake. Across all seven sleep variables, however, magnesium, niacin and vitamin D demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) inverse association within this population. Inverse associations were also found for dietary fiber intake and short sleep and sleep disorder; phosphorus intake and poor sleep quality, sleep latency and sleep pill use; and vitamin K intake and poor sleep quality, sleep disorder, sleep latency and sleep pill use in the gender combined adults 19+ years. Within this population however, there were direct associations for the intakes of protein and vitamin B6 and short sleep, sleep disorder and sleep trouble; for the intakes of sodium and vitamin A and poor sleep quality, sleep latency and sleep pill use; for the intake of vitamin B12 and poor ADL and insomnia; and for the intake of zinc and sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep pill use, poor ADL and insomnia. Among female adults 19+ years, dietary fiber was the only nutrient that showed an inverse association with all seven sleep variables. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the importance of micro and macronutrient intake on numerous sleep variables. Funding Sources This analysis was funded by Pharmavite, LLC.

scholarly journals Intermittent Fasting and Sleep: A Review of Human Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3489
Author(s):  
Mara McStay ◽  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Sofia Cienfuegos ◽  
Mark Ezpeleta ◽  
Shuhao Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Insomnia Severity

This review examines the effects of two popular intermittent fasting regimens on sleep in adults with overweight and obesity. Specifically, the effects of time restricted eating (TRE; eating all food within a 4–10 h window) and alternate day fasting (ADF; 600 kcal fast day alternated with ad libitum feast day) on sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, insomnia severity, and risk of obstructive sleep apnea, will be summarized. The role of weight loss will also be discussed. Results from our review reveal that the majority of these trials produced weight loss in the range of 1–6% from baseline. Sleep quality and sleep duration remained unaltered with TRE and ADF, as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The effects of intermittent fasting on sleep latency and sleep efficiency are mixed, with one study showing worsening of these parameters, and others showing no effect. Insomnia severity and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea remained unchanged in the trials assessing these metrics. Taken together, these preliminary findings suggest that TRE and ADF produce mild to moderate weight loss (1–6%) but their effects on sleep remain unclear. Solid conclusions are difficult to establish since participants in the studies had healthy sleep durations and no clinical insomnia at baseline, leaving little room for improvement in these metrics. Moreover, none of the trials were adequately powered to detect statistically significant changes in any measure of sleep. Future well-powered trials, conducted in individuals with diagnosed sleep disturbances, will be necessary to elucidate the effect of these popular diets on sleep.

scholarly journals Understanding sleep-wake behavior in late chronotype adolescents: The role of circadian phase, sleep timing, and evening vigilance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin Lang ◽  
Cele Richardson ◽  
Gorica Micic ◽  
Michael Gradisar
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Phase Angles

Background. Growing evidence supports a link between late chronotype and increased risk for affective disorders. Yet, the tendency toward a late chronotype and the onset of mood disorders often emerge during adolescence. Few studies have examined the relationship among school-aged adolescence. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the specific role of sleep and circadian related measures in late chronotype adolescents and their impact on mood. Furthermore, we explored to what extend severeness is explained by bedtime behavior, evening vigilance, and circadian phase.Methods. Nineteen male adolescents (M = 16.4 yrs ± 1.0 yrs), who were part of a larger study, were included in the analyses. Chronotype was assessed with the Munich Chronotype questionnaire, circadian timing via salivary dim light melatonin onset (DLMO), and habitual sleep behavior with a 7-day sleep diary. Further questionnaires evaluated daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, and mood. Evening vigilance (Go/NoGo) and sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale) were used as a proxy for sleep propensity. Results. The average sleep duration on school nights was 7.78 hours (±1.65), and 9.00 hours (±1.42) on weekend nights. Mean DLMO was observed at 23.13 h (± 1.65), with a weekend phase angle of entrainment for DLMObedtime of 2.48 hours. Regression fittings revealed a general tendency of shorter phase angles with delayed DLMOs. In contrast, further analysis with chronotype subgroups revealed that this was only true for light and moderate late types, whereas extreme late types presented with wide phase angles. While no differences in daytime sleepiness and sleep duration were found between subgroups, sleep quality and mood decreased with increasing lateness. Extreme late chronotypes experienced higher evening sleepiness, whereas slight late types presented with higher evening vigilance. Chronotype but not DLMO predicted bedtime on school- and particularly weekend-nights. Conclusions. Our findings highlight that with increasing lateness, the risk for impaired sleep quality and mood disorders increases. Given that DLMO was not predictive of bedtime, our data indicate that factors contributing to a late chronotype are versatile and complex, particularly for extreme late types.

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