Exploring the Type and Impact of Memorable Hate Messages and Identity Salience on Self-Esteem, Relational Outcomes, and Intergroup Biases

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Angela M. Hosek ◽  
Valerie Rubinsky ◽  
Nicole Hudak ◽  
Shermineh Davari Zanjani ◽  
Savannah Sanburg
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Identity Salience ◽  
Relational Outcomes ◽  
Intergroup Biases

scholarly journals Interpersonal touch as a resource to facilitate positive personal and relational outcomes during stress discussions

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 2918-2936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany K. Jakubiak ◽  
Brooke C. Feeney
Keyword(s):  
Married Couples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Interpersonal Touch ◽  
Relational Outcomes

This investigation examined the extent to which receiving touch during discussions of stressors predicts subsequent personal and relational well-being. Married couples were unobtrusively videotaped as couple-members took turns discussing their personal stressors with one another. We assessed the degree to which couple-members received touch from their spouses during the discussions and investigated whether touch receipt predicted beneficial personal and relational outcomes after the discussions. Results indicated that disclosers who received greater (higher frequency and higher intensity) touch while they discussed their stressors perceived that they were more able to overcome their stressors, experienced greater decreases in self-reported stress, reported greater increases in self-esteem, and viewed their partners more positively than disclosers who received less touch. Additionally, helpers (spouses in the listening role) who received greater touch during their partner’s stressor discussion also viewed their partners more positively than helpers who received less touch. Implications and potential future directions are discussed.

The Role of Close Relationships in Terror Management: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Plusnin ◽  
Christopher A. Pepping ◽  
Emiko S. Kashima
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Terror Management Theory ◽  
Terror Management ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Relational Outcomes

Terror management theory outlines how humans seek self-esteem and worldview validation to manage death-related anxiety. Accumulating evidence reveals that close relationships serve a similar role. However, to date, there has been no synthesis of the literature that delineates when close relationships buffer mortality concerns, under what conditions, on which specific outcomes, and for whom. This systematic review presents over two decades of research to address these questions. Findings from 73 reviewed studies revealed that close relationships serve an important role in buffering death-related anxiety. A range of dispositional and situational moderating factors influence either the activation or inhibition of relational strivings to manage heightened death awareness, the most influential being attachment, gender, and relationship-contingent self-esteem. These findings were integrated into an overarching model that highlights some of the conditions under which mortality salience (MS) influences relational outcomes. We conclude by highlighting a range of theoretical and methodological concerns to be addressed by future research.

Ethnic Role Identity among Black and White College Students

1987 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clovis L. White ◽  
Peter J. Burke
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Identity Salience ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Identity Processes ◽  
White College

This article examines a structural symbolic interactionist approach to the process of ethnic identity formation among black and white college students. This approach, termed identity theory, considers an ethnic identity (like all identities) to be a portion of the self that contains shared understandings of what it means to be a member of a given ethnic group. Within the framework of identity theory, ethnic identification is hypothesized to be related to self-esteem, identity salience, identity commitment, and other structural characteristics. Using the Burke-Tully method, a black-white ethnic identity dimension is developed and used to measure ethnic identity among a sample of college students. The nature of this identity dimension is discussed and its relation to the other self variables is investigated. The study confirmed that identity salience, commitment, and self-esteem, as hypothesized by identity theory, are related to ethnic identity among students. However, it was also noted that these ethnic identity processes seemed to work somewhat differently for blacks and for whites as a result of differences in dominant and minority position.

Intergroup biases in conflict: Reexamination with Arab pre-adolescents and adolescents

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yona Teichman ◽  
Daniel Bar-Tal ◽  
Yasmina Abdolrazeq
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Status ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
Group Status ◽  
Status Group ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Intergroup Biases ◽  
Collective Self Esteem

This study examined the proposition derived from the integrative developmental contextual theory (IDCT) (Bar-Tal & Teichman, 2005; Teichman & Bar-Tal, in press) that contextual circumstances determining collective self esteem (i.e. conflict and social status), and developmental stage in which identity development is a central issue (pre- and early adolescence) would influence intergroup biases. This proposition was previously examined with Israeli Jewish participants and here is re-examined in three samples, aged 8—17, including Israeli Arabs and two groups from the Palestinian Authority. The three samples were based in different intergroup contexts in which their group status was relatively high, medium or low. The findings demonstrate differences in the relationship between contextually defined collective self-esteem and intergroup attitudes. Results confirmed the hypothesis that in conflict, irrespective of age highest intergroup biases would be displayed by the high status group. However, the hypothesis that the lowest status group would express only more negativity toward the out-group was not confirmed. The developmental hypothesis that pre- and early adolescents from the high status group would express most varied and extreme biases was also confirmed. With some exceptions in the middle status group, all older adolescents displayed moderation in biases.

Does Self-Esteem Have an Interpersonal Imprint Beyond Self-Reports? A Meta-Analysis of Self-Esteem and Objective Interpersonal Indicators

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica J. Cameron ◽  
Steve Granger
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Interpersonal Behavior ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Interpersonal Experience ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Relational Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analyses

Self-esteem promises to serve as the nexus of social experiences ranging from social acceptance, interpersonal traits, interpersonal behavior, relationship quality, and relationship stability. Yet previous researchers have questioned the utility of self-esteem for understanding relational outcomes. To examine the importance of self-esteem for understanding interpersonal experiences, we conducted systematic meta-analyses on the association between trait self-esteem and five types of interpersonal indicators. To ensure our results were not due to self-esteem biases in perception, we focused our meta-analyses to 196 samples totaling 121,300 participants wherein researchers assessed interpersonal indicators via outsider reports. Results revealed that the association between self-esteem and the majority of objective interpersonal indicators was small to moderate, lowest for specific and distal outcomes, and moderated by social risk. Importantly, a subset of longitudinal studies suggests that self-esteem predicts later interpersonal experience. Our results should encourage researchers to further explore the link between self-esteem and one’s interpersonal world.

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