Order of age at onset for substance use, substance use disorder, conduct disorder and psychiatric illness

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Steen Guldager ◽  
Inger Holm Linneberg ◽  
Morten Hesse
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Age At Onset

Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorder in a Methadone Maintenance Population

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Callaly ◽  
Tom Trauer ◽  
Leigh Munro ◽  
Greg Whelan
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Icd 10

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a group of patients who had recently entered a methadone maintenance programme. Method: A total of 62 patients were interviewed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) within 6 months of commencing methadone maintenance. The CIDI was used to establish symptoms of psychiatric illness at interview and in the 12 months prior. Results: In the 12 months prior to interview, 76% of the sample fulfilled ICD-10 criteria for a psychiatric disorder other than substance-use disorder. Over half of the group interviewed fulfilled ICD-10 criteria for an affective disorder, two-thirds fulfilled criteria for an anxiety disorder and just under half fulfilled diagnostic criteria for both an affective disorder and an anxiety disorder in the 12 months prior to interview. At the time of interview, 19% fulfilled ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for a moderate or severe affective disorder. Seventy per cent of males and 89% of females interviewed had a comorbid psychiatric illness. In 71% of the group who had a comorbid psychiatric illness, the onset of psychiatric symptomatology was reported to predate the use of heroin. Conclusion: The prevalence of psychiatric disorder is up to 10 times higher in the population on methadone maintenance than in the general population and is two to three times higher than that found in community surveys of those with a substance-use disorder. These results are consistent with earlier findings and have implications for service planning.

scholarly journals ADHD, Conduct Disorder, Substance Use Disorder, and Nonprescription Stimulant Use

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 776-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith S. Brook ◽  
Elinor B. Balka ◽  
Chenshu Zhang ◽  
David W. Brook
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Stimulant Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To assess whether the relationship of an ADHD diagnosis by adolescence to nonprescription stimulant use in adulthood is direct or indirect, via Conduct Disorder (CD) and/or Substance Use Disorder (SUD). Method: Data were obtained from multiple waves of interviews and questionnaires completed by 551 community-based participants when they were between the mean ages of 14.1 and 36.6 years. Results: The results of the structural equation model (SEM) supported both a direct association between early ADHD and later nonprescription stimulant use ( B = .18, z = 2.74) and the relationship from ADHD to later nonprescription stimulant use ( B = .01, z = 1.72) via CD and SUD. Conclusion: The longitudinal data supporting these paths suggest that efforts to prevent and treat the misuse of nonprescription stimulants may be more effective if attention is paid to those with a history of ADHD, as well as to those who also had CD and SUD.

Conduct Disorder and Substance use Dlsorder: Comorbidity in a Clinical Sample of Preadolescents and Adolescents

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Reebye ◽  
Mm Moretti ◽  
Jc Lessard
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Window Of Opportunity ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Conduct Disordered ◽  
Substance Disorders ◽  
Conduct Disorder Symptoms

Objective To examine the rate of comorbidity between conduct disorder and substance use disorder in a clinical sample using the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents - Revised. Method Examined the pattern of conduct disorder symptoms, including type, number, and severity, in conduct-disordered youth diagnosed with, and without a comorbid substance use disorder. Results The examination revealed no significant differences in the incidence of comorbidity between younger (aged 10 to 13) and older (above age 13) youth. Among youth who met criteria for conduct disorder, 52% also met criteria for a substance use disorder. Odds ratios indicated that the probability of comorbidity of conduct and substance use disorders was higher in the younger group. Conclusion Substance abuse and dependence tend to develop rapidly following first use, suggesting that a slim window of opportunity exists to prevent substance disorders once drug use has begun.

Neurobehavioral Disinhibition in Childhood Predicts Early Age at Onset of Substance Use Disorder

2003 ◽  
Vol 160 (6) ◽  
pp. 1078-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph E. Tarter ◽  
Levent Kirisci ◽  
Ada Mezzich ◽  
Jack R. Cornelius ◽  
Kathleen Pajer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Early Age

scholarly journals Persistence and Subtype Stability of ADHD Among Substance Use Disorder Treatment Seekers

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1438-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharlene Kaye ◽  
Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga ◽  
Geurt van de Glind ◽  
Frances R. Levin ◽  
Stephen V. Faraone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Childhood Adhd ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
History Of ◽  
Treatment Seekers

Objective: To examine ADHD symptom persistence and subtype stability among substance use disorder (SUD) treatment seekers. Method: In all, 1,276 adult SUD treatment seekers were assessed for childhood and adult ADHD using Conners’ Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV; CAADID). A total of 290 (22.7%) participants met CAADID criteria for childhood ADHD and comprise the current study sample. Results: Childhood ADHD persisted into adulthood in 72.8% ( n = 211) of cases. ADHD persistence was significantly associated with a family history of ADHD, and the presence of conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder. The combined subtype was the most stable into adulthood (78.6%) and this stability was significantly associated with conduct disorder and past treatment of ADHD. Conclusion: ADHD is highly prevalent and persistent among SUD treatment seekers and is associated with the more severe phenotype that is also less likely to remit. Routine screening and follow-up assessment for ADHD is indicated to enhance treatment management and outcomes.

Psychiatric Disorders in Liver Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-376
Author(s):  
William R. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Painful Condition ◽  
Pure Chance

The frequency of psychiatric illness presenting with liver disease occurs at rates higher than pure chance. This reflects the association between alcohol and drug dependence with acute and chronic liver toxicity and disease. Because mood and anxiety disorders are more common in substance use disorder, the link extends to higher rates of these disorders in patients with liver disease. Finally, liver disease can represent a chronic and painful condition that presents a significant physical and psychological stress for patients.

Substance Use Disorder Comorbidity Among Inpatient Youths With Psychiatric Disorder

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harith Swadi ◽  
Candace Bobier
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Inpatient Unit ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objective: Substance abuse/dependence has been reported to show significant association with psychopathology, and is likely to influence the course and outcome of psychiatric illness. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of substance use disorders (other than alcohol) comorbidity among inpatient adolescents with severe Axis 1 psychiatric disorder. Method: A retrospective analysis of systematically collected data was carried out. The subjects were 16–18-year-old youths, admitted to an inpatient unit for severe psychiatric disorder. The data collection process utilized the DSM-IV criteria for diagnostic categorization of psychiatric disorder and substance use disorder. Demographic data, and data on suicide attempts were also collected. Results: Over a period of one year (March 2001–March 2002), 62 patients were admitted to the Christchurch Youth Inpatient Unit; 40 (64.5%) had a comorbid Substance Abuse Disorder (SAD) according to DSM-IV criteria and none had a Substance Dependence Disorder. The vast majority involved cannabis and stimulants. Sixty per cent of those with mood disorder, 63% of those with anxiety disorder and 80% of those with schizophrenia spectrum disorder had a comorbid SAD. Internalizing problems, especially mood disorders, predominated among those with SAD reflecting the Unit's admission criteria. There were no differences in attempted suicide rates between those with SAD and those without SAD, but those with SAD were more likely to have unstable accommodation/living arrangements than those without SAD. Conclusions: Our findings confirm previous reports suggestive of high rates of SAD comorbidity among youth with severe psychiatric illness. There are clinical and process implications for these findings particularly identification of substance use disorders and their treatment as well as resource availability and staff training.

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