A 1/36° model of the Solomon Sea embedded into a global ocean model: On the setting up of an interactive open boundary nested model system

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
B ‘Djath ◽  
A Melet ◽  
J Verron ◽  
J -M Molines ◽  
B Barnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Model ◽  
Model System ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Nested Model

scholarly journals THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION OF TIDAL CURRENT IN LAMPUNG BAY: DIAGNOSTIC NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (-) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Frendy Koropitan ◽  
Safwan Hadi ◽  
Ivonne M.Radjawane
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Current ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Residual Current ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Ocean Tide ◽  
Tidal Elevation ◽  
Diagnostic Mode

Princeton Ocean Model (POM) was used to calculate the tidal current in Lampung Bay using diagnostic mode. The model was forced by tidal elevation, which was given along the open boundary using a global ocean tide model-ORITIDE. The computed tidal elevation at St. 1 and St 2 are in a good agreement with the observed data, but the computed tidal current at St 1 at depth 2 m is not good and moderate approximation is showed at depth 10 m. Probably, it was influenced by non-linier effect of coastal geometry and bottom friction because of the position of current meter, mooring closed to the coastline. Generally, the calculated tidal currents in all layers show that the water flows into the bay during flood tide and goes out from the bay during ebb tide. The tidal current becomes strong when passing through the narrow passage of Pahawang Strait. The simulation of residual tidal current with particular emphasis on predominant contituent of M2 shows a strong inflow from the western part of the bay mouth, up to the central part of the bay, then the strong residual current deflects to the southeast and flows out from the eastern part of the bay mouth. This flow pattern is apparent in the upper and lower layer. The other part flows to the bay head and froms an antic lockwise circulation in the small basin region of the bay head. The anticlockwise circulations are showed in the upper layer and disappear in the layer near the bottom. Keywords: POM, diagnostic mode, tidal current, residual current, Lampung Ba.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an operational ocean model configuration at 1/12° spatial resolution for the Indonesian seas – Part 1: Ocean physics

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 6611-6668 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Tranchant ◽  
G. Reffray ◽  
E. Greiner ◽  
D. Nugroho ◽  
A. Koch-Larrouy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Internal Tides ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Indonesian Throughflow ◽  
The South ◽  
Water Mass Transformation

Abstract. INDO12, a 1/12° regional version of the NEMO physical ocean model covering the whole Indonesian EEZ has been developed and is now running every week in the framework of the INDESO project (Infrastructure Development of Space Oceanography) implemented by the Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. The initial hydrographic conditions as well as open boundary conditions are derived from the operational global ocean forecasting system at 1/4° operated by Mercator Ocean. Atmospheric forcing fields (3 hourly ECMWF analyses) are used to force the regional model. INDO12 is also forced by tidal currents and elevations, and by the inverse barometer effect. The turbulent mixing induced by internal tides is taken into account through a specific parameterization. In this study we evaluate the model skill through comparisons with various datasets including outputs of the parent model, climatologies, in situ temperature and salinity measurements, and satellite data. The simulated and altimeter-derived Eddy Kinetic Energy fields display similar patterns and confirm that tides are a dominant forcing in the area. The volume transport of the Indonesian ThroughFlow is in good agreement with the INSTANT current meter estimates while the transport through Luzon Strait is, on average, westward but probably too weak. Significant water mass transformation occurs along the main routes of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) and compares well with observations. Vertical mixing is able to erode the South and North Pacific subtropical waters salinity maximum as seen in TS diagrams. Compared to satellite data, surface salinity and temperature fields display marked biases in the South China Sea. Altogether, INDO12 proves to be able to provide a very realistic simulation of the ocean circulation and water mass transformation through the Indonesian Archipelago. A few weaknesses are also detected. Work is on-going to reduce or eliminate these problems in the second INDO12 version.

scholarly journals Ocean tides under the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Smithson ◽  
A. V. Robinson ◽  
R. A. Flather
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Open Boundary Conditions ◽  
Ocean Tides ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Grounding Line ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Tidal Constituents

A depth-averaged finite-difference numerical model has been used to make a preliminary study of the tides under the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf. Open boundary conditions were specified using the global ocean model of Schwiderski. Tidal constituents for the two principal semi-diurnal constituents M2 and S2, and the two principal diurnal constituents Ο1 and K1 were extracted from computed sea-surface elevations by harmonic analysis. Measured values near to the grounding line could only be reproduced satisfactorily by increasing the bottom friction coefficient under the ice to 50 times the open-ocean value. This destroys any agreement near the ice front or at pelagic sites. It is thought that a friction coefficient which varies with distance under the ice would be able to reproduce better all the available measurements. More tidal measurements are required to validate any model of the region with model experiments being used to help pinpoint possible sites for instrument deployment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an operational ocean model configuration at 1/12° spatial resolution for the Indonesian seas (NEMO2.3/INDO12) – Part 1: Ocean physics

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1037-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Tranchant ◽  
Guillaume Reffray ◽  
Eric Greiner ◽  
Dwiyoga Nugroho ◽  
Ariane Koch-Larrouy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Internal Tides ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Biogeochemical Model ◽  
The South ◽  
Medium Range Weather Forecast ◽  
Water Mass Transformation

Abstract. INDO12 is a 1/12° regional version of the NEMO physical ocean model covering the whole Indonesian EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone). It has been developed and is now running every week in the framework of the INDESO (Infrastructure Development of Space Oceanography) project implemented by the Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. The initial hydrographic conditions as well as open-boundary conditions are derived from the operational global ocean forecasting system at 1/4° operated by Mercator Océan. Atmospheric forcing fields (3-hourly ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast) analyses) are used to force the regional model. INDO12 is also forced by tidal currents and elevations, and by the inverse barometer effect. The turbulent mixing induced by internal tides is taken into account through a specific parameterisation. In this study we evaluate the model skill through comparisons with various data sets including outputs of the parent model, climatologies, in situ temperature and salinity measurements, and satellite data. The biogeochemical model results assessment is presented in a companion paper (Gutknecht et al., 2015). The simulated and altimeter-derived Eddy Kinetic Energy fields display similar patterns and confirm that tides are a dominant forcing in the area. The volume transport of the Indonesian throughflow (ITF) is in good agreement with the INSTANT estimates while the transport through Luzon Strait is, on average, westward but probably too weak. Compared to satellite data, surface salinity and temperature fields display marked biases in the South China Sea. Significant water mass transformation occurs along the main routes of the ITF and compares well with observations. Vertical mixing is able to modify the South and North Pacific subtropical water-salinity maximum as seen in T–S diagrams. In spite of a few weaknesses, INDO12 proves to be able to provide a very realistic simulation of the ocean circulation and water mass transformation through the Indonesian Archipelago. Work is ongoing to reduce or eliminate the remaining problems in the second INDO12 version.

scholarly journals Mean circulation in the coastal ocean off northeastern North America from a regional-scale ocean model

Ocean Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chen ◽  
R. He
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Shelf Slope ◽  
Nonlinear Advection ◽  
Cape Hatteras ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Circulation

Abstract. A regional-scale ocean model was used to hindcast the coastal circulation over the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB) and Gulf of Maine (GOM) from 2004 to 2013. The model was nested inside a data assimilative global ocean model that provided initial and open boundary conditions. Realistic atmospheric forcing, tides and observed river runoff were also used to drive the model. Hindcast solutions were compared against observations, which included coastal sea levels, satellite altimetry sea surface height, in situ temperature and salinity measurements in the GOM, and observed mean depth-averaged velocities. Good agreements with observations suggest that the hindcast model is capable of capturing the major circulation variability in the MAB and GOM. Time- and space-continuous hindcast fields were used to depict the mean circulation, along- and cross-shelf transport and the associated momentum balances. The hindcast confirms the presence of the equatorward mean shelf circulation, which varies from 2.33 Sv over the Scotian Shelf to 0.22 Sv near Cape Hatteras. Using the 200 m isobath as the shelf/slope boundary, the mean cross-shelf transport calculations indicate that the shelfbreak segments off the Gulf of Maine (including the southern flank of Georges Bank and the Northeast Channel) and Cape Hatteras are the major sites for shelf water export. The momentum analysis reveals that the along-shelf sea level difference from Nova Scotia to Cape Hatteras is about 0.36 m. The nonlinear advection, stress, and horizontal viscosity terms all contribute to the ageostrophic circulation in the along-isobath direction, whereas the nonlinear advection plays a dominant role in determining the ageostrophic current in the cross-isobath direction.

scholarly journals Ocean tides under the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Smithson ◽  
A. V. Robinson ◽  
R. A. Flather
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Open Boundary Conditions ◽  
Ocean Tides ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Grounding Line ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Tidal Constituents

A depth-averaged finite-difference numerical model has been used to make a preliminary study of the tides under the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf. Open boundary conditions were specified using the global ocean model of Schwiderski. Tidal constituents for the two principal semi-diurnal constituents M2 and S2, and the two principal diurnal constituents Ο1 and K1 were extracted from computed sea-surface elevations by harmonic analysis. Measured values near to the grounding line could only be reproduced satisfactorily by increasing the bottom friction coefficient under the ice to 50 times the open-ocean value. This destroys any agreement near the ice front or at pelagic sites. It is thought that a friction coefficient which varies with distance under the ice would be able to reproduce better all the available measurements. More tidal measurements are required to validate any model of the region with model experiments being used to help pinpoint possible sites for instrument deployment.

scholarly journals Mean circulation in the coastal ocean off northeastern North America from a regional-scale ocean model

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2755-2790 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chen ◽  
R. He
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Shelf Slope ◽  
Nonlinear Advection ◽  
Cape Hatteras ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Circulation

Abstract. A regional-scale ocean model was used to hindcast the coastal circulation over the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB) and Gulf of Maine (GOM) from 2004 to 2013. The model was nested inside a data assimilative global ocean model that provided initial and open boundary conditions. Realistic atmospheric forcing, tides and observed river runoff were also used to drive the model. Hindcast solutions were compared against observations, which included coastal sea levels, satellite altimetry sea surface height, temperature and salinity time series in the GOM, glider transects in the MAB, and observed mean depth-averaged velocities by Lentz (2008a). Good agreements with observations suggest that the hindcast model is capable of capturing the major circulation variability in the MAB and GOM. Time- and space-continuous hindcast fields were used to depict the mean circulation, along- and cross-shelf transport and the associated momentum balances. The hindcast confirms the presence of the equatorward mean shelf circulation, which varies from 2.33 Sv at Scotian Shelf to 0.22 Sv near Cape Hatteras. Using the 200 m isobath as the shelf/slope boundary, the mean cross-shelf transport calculations indicate that the shelfbreak segments off the Gulf of Maine (including the southern flank of Georges Bank and the Northeast Channel) and Cape Hatteras are the major sites for shelf water export. The momentum analysis reveals that the along-shelf sea level difference from Nova Scotia to Cape Hatteras is about 0.36 m. The nonlinear advection, stress, and horizontal viscosity terms all contribute to the ageostrophic circulation in the along-isobath direction, whereas the nonlinear advection plays a dominant role in determining the ageostrophic current in the cross-isobath direction.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an operational ocean model configuration at 1/12° spatial resolution for the Indonesian seas (NEMO2.3/INDO12) – Part 2: Biogeochemistry

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1523-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Gutknecht ◽  
Guillaume Reffray ◽  
Marion Gehlen ◽  
Iis Triyulianti ◽  
Dessy Berlianty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Indonesian Seas ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Ocean Forecasting

Abstract. In the framework of the INDESO (Infrastructure Development of Space Oceanography) project, an operational ocean forecasting system was developed to monitor the state of the Indonesian seas in terms of circulation, biogeochemistry and fisheries. This forecasting system combines a suite of numerical models connecting physical and biogeochemical variables to population dynamics of large marine predators (tunas). The physical–biogeochemical coupled component (the INDO12BIO configuration) covers a large region extending from the western Pacific Ocean to the eastern Indian Ocean at 1/12° horizontal resolution. The NEMO-OPA (Nucleus for European Model of the Ocean) physical ocean model and the PISCES (Pelagic Interactions Scheme for Carbon and Ecosystem Studies) biogeochemical model are running simultaneously ("online" coupling), at the same resolution. The operational global ocean forecasting system (1/4°) operated by Mercator Océan provides the physical forcing, while climatological open boundary conditions are prescribed for the biogeochemistry. This paper describes the skill assessment of the INDO12BIO configuration. Model skill is assessed by evaluating a reference hindcast simulation covering the last 8 years (2007–2014). Model results are compared to satellite, climatological and in situ observations. Diagnostics are performed on nutrients, oxygen, chlorophyll a, net primary production and mesozooplankton. The model reproduces large-scale distributions of nutrients, oxygen, chlorophyll a, net primary production and mesozooplankton biomasses. Modelled vertical distributions of nutrients and oxygen are comparable to in situ data sets although gradients are slightly smoothed. The model simulates realistic biogeochemical characteristics of North Pacific tropical waters entering in the archipelago. Hydrodynamic transformation of water masses across the Indonesian archipelago allows for conserving nitrate and oxygen vertical distribution close to observations, in the Banda Sea and at the exit of the archipelago. While the model overestimates the mean surface chlorophyll a, the seasonal cycle is in phase with satellite estimations, with higher chlorophyll a concentrations in the southern part of the archipelago during the SE monsoon and in the northern part during the NW monsoon. The time series of chlorophyll a anomalies suggests that meteorological and ocean physical processes that drive the interannual variability of biogeochemical properties in the Indonesian region are reproduced by the model.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an operational ocean model configuration at 1/12° spatial resolution for the Indonesian seas – Part 2: Biogeochemistry

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 6669-6706 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gutknecht ◽  
G. Reffray ◽  
M. Gehlen ◽  
I. Triyulianti ◽  
D. Berlianty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Configuration Model ◽  
Indonesian Seas ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Ocean Forecasting

Abstract. In the framework of the INDESO (Infrastructure evelopment of Space Oceanography) project, an operational ocean forecasting system was developed to monitor the state of the Indonesian seas in terms of circulation, biogeochemistry and fisheries. This forecasting system combines a suite of numerical models connecting physical and biogeochemical variables to population dynamics of large marine predators (tunas). The physical/biogeochemical coupled component (INDO12BIO configuration) covers a large region extending from the western Pacific Ocean to the Eastern Indian Ocean at 1/12° resolution. The OPA/NEMO physical ocean model and the PISCES biogeochemical model are coupled in "on-line" mode without degradation in space and time. The operational global ocean forecasting system (1/4°) operated by Mercator Ocean provides the physical forcing while climatological open boundary conditions are prescribed for the biogeochemistry. This paper describes the skill assessment of the INDO12BIO configuration. Model skill is assessed by evaluating a reference hindcast simulation covering the last 8 years (2007–2014). Model results are compared to satellite, climatological and in situ observations. Diagnostics are performed on chlorophyll a, primary production, mesozooplankton, nutrients and oxygen. Model results reproduce the main characteristics of biogeochemical tracer distributions in space and time. The seasonal cycle of chlorophyll a is in phase with satellite observations. The northern and southern parts of the archipelago present a distinct seasonal cycle, with higher chlorophyll biomass in the southern (northern) part during SE (NW) monsoon. Nutrient and oxygen concentrations are correctly reproduced in terms of horizontal and vertical distributions. The biogeochemical content of water masses entering in the archipelago as well as the water mass transformation across the archipelago conserves realistic vertical distribution in Banda Sea and at the exit of the archipelago.

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