Meeting report of the 2016 bone marrow adiposity meeting

Background: Obesity is considered protective for bone mass, but this view has been progressively challenged. Menopause is characterized by low bone mass and increased adiposity. Our aim was to determine how visceral and bone marrow adiposity change following ovariectomy (OVX), how they correlate with bone quality and if they are influenced by physical activity. Methods: Five-month-old Wistar rats were OVX or sham-operated and maintained in sedentary or physically active conditions for 9 months. Visceral and bone marrow adiposity as well as bone turnover, femur bone quality and biomechanical properties were assessed. Results: OVX resulted in higher weight, visceral and bone marrow adiposity. Visceral adiposity correlated inversely with femur Ct.Th (r = −0.63, p < 0.001), BV/TV (r = −0.67, p < 0.001), Tb.N (r = −0.69, p < 0.001) and positively with Tb.Sp (r = 0.58, p < 0.001). Bone marrow adiposity also correlated with bone resorption (r = 0.47, p < 0.01), bone formation rate (r = −0.63, p < 0.01), BV/TV (r = −0.85, p < 0.001), Ct.Th (r = −0.51, p < 0.0.01), and with higher empty osteocyte lacunae (r = 0.39, p < 0.05), higher percentage of osteocytes with oxidative stress (r = 0.64, p < 0.0.01) and lower femur maximal stress (r = −0.58, p < 0.001). Physical activity correlated inversely with both visceral (r = −0.74, p < 0.01) and bone marrow adiposity (r = −0.92, p < 0.001). Conclusions: OVX increases visceral and bone marrow adiposity which are associated with inferior bone quality and biomechanical properties. Physical activity could contribute to reduce adipose tissue and thereby improve bone quality.

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CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β-deficiency enhances type 1 diabetic bone phenotype by increasing marrow adiposity and bone resorption

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00764.2010 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 300 (5) ◽

pp. R1250-R1260 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Katherine J. Motyl ◽

Michelle Raetz ◽

Srinivasan Arjun Tekalur ◽

Richard C. Schwartz ◽

Laura R. McCabe

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Bone Resorption ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Wild Type ◽

Bone Stiffness ◽

Bone Phenotype ◽

Enhancer Binding Protein ◽

Marrow Adiposity

Bone loss in type 1 diabetes is accompanied by increased marrow fat, which could directly reduce osteoblast activity or result from altered bone marrow mesenchymal cell lineage selection (adipocyte vs. osteoblast). CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) is an important regulator of both adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation. C/EBPβ-null mice have delayed bone formation and defective lipid accumulation in brown adipose tissue. To examine the balance of C/EBPβ functions in the diabetic context, we induced type 1 diabetes in C/EBPβ-null (knockout, KO) mice. We found that C/EBPβ deficiency actually enhanced the diabetic bone phenotype. While KO mice had reduced peripheral fat mass compared with wild-type mice, they had 5-fold more marrow adipocytes than diabetic wild-type mice. The enhanced marrow adiposity may be attributed to compensation by C/EBPδ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2, and C/EBPα. Concurrently, we observed reduced bone density. Relative to genotype controls, trabecular bone volume fraction loss was escalated in diabetic KO mice (−48%) compared with changes in diabetic wild-type mice (−22%). Despite greater bone loss, osteoblast markers were not further suppressed in diabetic KO mice. Instead, osteoclast markers were increased in the KO diabetic mice. Thus, C/EBPβ deficiency increases diabetes-induced bone marrow (not peripheral) adipose depot mass, and promotes additional bone loss through stimulating bone resorption. C/EBPβ-deficiency also reduced bone stiffness and diabetes exacerbated this (two-way ANOVA P < 0.02). We conclude that C/EBPβ alone is not responsible for the bone vs. fat phenotype switch observed in T1 diabetes and that suppression of CEBPβ levels may further bone loss and decrease bone stiffness by increasing bone resorption.

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Guidelines for Biobanking of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue and Related Cell Types: Report of the Biobanking Working Group of the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society

Frontiers in Endocrinology ◽

10.3389/fendo.2021.744527 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie Lucas ◽

Michaela Tencerova ◽

Benoit von der Weid ◽

Thomas Levin Andersen ◽

Camille Attané ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Working Group ◽

Cell Types ◽

Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue ◽

Marrow Adipose Tissue ◽

Marrow Adiposity ◽

Group Members ◽

Number Of Publications ◽

Different Sources

Over the last two decades, increased interest of scientists to study bone marrow adiposity (BMA) in relation to bone and adipose tissue physiology has expanded the number of publications using different sources of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT). However, each source of BMAT has its limitations in the number of downstream analyses for which it can be used. Based on this increased scientific demand, the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society (BMAS) established a Biobanking Working Group to identify the challenges of biobanking for human BMA-related samples and to develop guidelines to advance establishment of biobanks for BMA research. BMA is a young, growing field with increased interest among many diverse scientific communities. These bring new perspectives and important biological questions on how to improve and build an international community with biobank databases that can be used and shared all over the world. However, to create internationally accessible biobanks, several practical and legislative issues must be addressed to create a general ethical protocol used in all institutes, to allow for exchange of biological material internationally. In this position paper, the BMAS Biobanking Working Group describes similarities and differences of patient information (PIF) and consent forms from different institutes and addresses a possibility to create uniform documents for BMA biobanking purposes. Further, based on discussion among Working Group members, we report an overview of the current isolation protocols for human bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, formerly mesenchymal), highlighting the specific points crucial for effective isolation. Although we remain far from a unified BMAd isolation protocol and PIF, we have summarized all of these important aspects, which are needed to build a BMA biobank. In conclusion, we believe that harmonizing isolation protocols and PIF globally will help to build international collaborations and improve the quality and interpretation of BMA research outcomes.

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PPAR Gamma-Regulated MicroRNA 199a-5p Underlies Bone Marrow Adiposity in Aplastic Anemia

Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids ◽

10.1016/j.omtn.2019.07.005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 678-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xianning Zhang ◽

Lulu Liu ◽

Cuiyun Dou ◽

Panpan Cheng ◽

Lei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Aplastic Anemia ◽

Ppar Gamma ◽

Marrow Adiposity

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Standardised Nomenclature, Abbreviations, and Units for the Study of Bone Marrow Adiposity: Report of the Nomenclature Working Group of the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society

Frontiers in Endocrinology ◽

10.3389/fendo.2019.00923 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nathalie Bravenboer ◽

Miriam A. Bredella ◽

Christophe Chauveau ◽

Alessandro Corsi ◽

Eleni Douni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Working Group ◽

Marrow Adiposity

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Greater Bone Marrow Adiposity Predicts Bone Loss in Older Women

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research ◽

10.1002/jbmr.3895 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 326-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Gina N Woods ◽

Susan K Ewing ◽

Sigurdur Sigurdsson ◽

Deborah M Kado ◽

Gudny Eiriksdottir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Older Women ◽

Marrow Adiposity

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New insights into bone marrow adipocytes: Report from the First European Meeting on Bone Marrow Adiposity (BMA 2015)

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2015.11.013 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 93 ◽

pp. 212-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Pierre Hardouin ◽

Pierre J. Marie ◽

Clifford J. Rosen

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Marrow Adipocytes ◽

Marrow Adiposity ◽

European Meeting

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Serum FSH Is Associated with BMD, Bone Marrow Adiposity and Body Composition in the AGES-Reykjavik Study of Older Adults

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgaa922 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Annegreet G Veldhuis-Vlug ◽

Gina N Woods ◽

Sigurdur Sigurdsson ◽

Susan K Ewing ◽

Phuong T Le ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Body Composition ◽

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Mineral Density ◽

1H Mrs ◽

Testosterone Levels ◽

Marrow Adiposity

Abstract Context Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations increase during the perimenopausal transition and remain high post menopause. Loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and gain of bone marrow adiposity (BMA) and body fat mass also occur during this time. In mice, blocking the action of FSH increases bone mass and decreases fat mass. Objective To investigate the associations between endogenous FSH levels and BMD, BMA and body composition in older adults, independent of estradiol and testosterone levels. Design, setting and participants Older adults from the AGES-Reykjavik Study, an observational cohort study. Main outcome measures Areal BMD, total body fat, and lean mass were measured with DXA. Lumbar vertebral BMA was measured by 1H-MRS. Volumetric BMD and visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT, SAT) areas were measured with QCT. The least squares means procedure was used to determine sex-hormone adjusted associations between quartiles of serum FSH and BMD, BMA, and body composition. Results In women (N=238, mean age 81y), those in the highest FSH quartile, compared with the lowest quartile, had lower adjusted mean spine integral BMD (-8.6%), lower spine compressive strength index (-34.8%), higher BMA (+8.4%), lower weight (-8.4%), lower VAT (-17.6%), lower lean mass (-6.1%), and lower fat mass (-11.9%) (all P < 0.05). In men, FSH level was not associated with any outcome. Conclusions Older postmenopausal women with higher FSH levels have higher BMA, but lower BMD and lower fat and lean mass, independent of estradiol and testosterone levels. Longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms.

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Diabetes and Bone Marrow Adiposity

Current Osteoporosis Reports ◽

10.1007/s11914-016-0336-x ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 337-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Tiffany Y. Kim ◽

Anne L. Schafer

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Marrow Adiposity

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