scholarly journals Serum FSH Is Associated with BMD, Bone Marrow Adiposity and Body Composition in the AGES-Reykjavik Study of Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annegreet G Veldhuis-Vlug ◽  
Gina N Woods ◽  
Sigurdur Sigurdsson ◽  
Susan K Ewing ◽  
Phuong T Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Marrow Adiposity

Abstract Context Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations increase during the perimenopausal transition and remain high post menopause. Loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and gain of bone marrow adiposity (BMA) and body fat mass also occur during this time. In mice, blocking the action of FSH increases bone mass and decreases fat mass. Objective To investigate the associations between endogenous FSH levels and BMD, BMA and body composition in older adults, independent of estradiol and testosterone levels. Design, setting and participants Older adults from the AGES-Reykjavik Study, an observational cohort study. Main outcome measures Areal BMD, total body fat, and lean mass were measured with DXA. Lumbar vertebral BMA was measured by 1H-MRS. Volumetric BMD and visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT, SAT) areas were measured with QCT. The least squares means procedure was used to determine sex-hormone adjusted associations between quartiles of serum FSH and BMD, BMA, and body composition. Results In women (N=238, mean age 81y), those in the highest FSH quartile, compared with the lowest quartile, had lower adjusted mean spine integral BMD (-8.6%), lower spine compressive strength index (-34.8%), higher BMA (+8.4%), lower weight (-8.4%), lower VAT (-17.6%), lower lean mass (-6.1%), and lower fat mass (-11.9%) (all P < 0.05). In men, FSH level was not associated with any outcome. Conclusions Older postmenopausal women with higher FSH levels have higher BMA, but lower BMD and lower fat and lean mass, independent of estradiol and testosterone levels. Longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals Paradoxical Relationships between Serum 25(OH)D and Ferritin with Body Composition and Burnout: Variation by Sex and Sports Team

Endocrines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-333
Author(s):  
Tamara Hew-Butler ◽  
Carrie Aprik ◽  
Brigid Byrd ◽  
Kristin Landis-Piwowar ◽  
Valerie Smith-Hale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Athlete Burnout

Adequate serum vitamin D and iron levels are thought to influence physical training adaptations and mood positively. The primary purpose of this prospective, observational study was to investigate relationships between serum 25-OH vitamin D/25(OH)D and serum ferritin levels with body composition and athlete burnout symptoms. Seventy-three collegiate athletes (female: n = 49; male: n = 24) from indoor (swimming, basketball) and outdoor (soccer, cross-country) sports were tested pre-season and post-season for serum 25(OH)D and serum ferritin (nutrient biomarkers) via venipuncture; body composition (total lean mass, bone mineral density/BMD, and % body fat) via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans; and athlete burnout symptoms (post-season) via the athlete burnout questionnaire (ABQ). When male and female cohorts were combined, significant correlations (Pearson’s r) were noted between pre-season serum 25(OH)D versus the change (∆: post-season minus pre-season) in both BMD (r = −0.34; p = 0.0003) and % body fat (r = −0.28; p = 0.015). Serum ferritin ∆ was significantly associated with lean mass ∆ (r = −0.34; p = 0.003). For burnout symptoms, serum 25(OH)D ∆ significantly explained 20.6% of the variance for devaluation of the sport in the male cohort only. Across time, serum 25(OH)D levels decreased while serum ferritin levels increased, non-significantly, in both males and females. Relationships between nutrient biomarkers and body composition were opposite of physiological expectations.

Follicle-stimulating hormone level and changes in bone mass and body composition in older women and men

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin C Wu ◽  
Susan K Ewing ◽  
Xiaojuan Li ◽  
Sigurður Sigurðsson ◽  
Vilmundur Guðnason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Composition Changes ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract Context Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) may have independent actions on bone remodeling and body fat regulation. Cross-sectionally, we have shown that serum FSH is associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and body fat in older postmenopausal women, but it remains unknown whether FSH predicts bone and fat changes. Objective We examined whether baseline FSH level is associated with subsequent bone loss or body composition changes in older adults. Setting, Design, Participants We studied 162 women and 158 men (mean age 82 ±4 years) from the AGES-BMA cohort, a substudy of the AGES-Reykjavik Study of community-dwelling older adults. Skeletal health and body composition were characterized at baseline and 3 years later. Main Outcomes Annualized change in BMD and body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Models were adjusted for serum estradiol and testosterone levels. Results There was no evidence for an association between baseline FSH level and change in BMD or body composition by DXA or QCT. For femoral neck areal BMD, adjusted mean difference (95% CI) per SD increase in FSH was 1.3 (-0.7, 3.3) mg/cm 2/year in women, and -0.2 (-2.6, 2.2) mg/cm 2/year in men. For visceral fat, adjusted mean difference (95% CI) per SD increase in FSH was 1.80 (-0.03, 3.62) cm 2/year in women, and -0.33 (-3.73, 3.06) cm 2/year in men. Conclusions Although cross-sectional studies and studies in perimenopausal women have demonstrated associations between FSH and BMD and body composition, in older adults, FSH level is not associated with bone mass or body composition changes.

scholarly journals Body composition and bone mineral density of collegiate American football players

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Hüsrev Turnagöl
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Segmental Body Composition

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare whole and segmental body composition and bone mineral density of collegiate American football players by playing positions. Forty collegiate American football players voluntarily participated in this study. Participants were categorized by playing positions into one of five categories i.e., defensive linemen, offensive linemen, defensive secondary players, offensive secondary players and receivers. Whole body composition and bone mineral density were measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Offensive and defensive linemen had higher body mass, a body mass index, lean mass and a fat mass index compared to the remaining three positions and a higher lean mass index compared to offensive secondary players and receivers. Offensive linemen had a higher body fat percentage and lower values of upper to lower lean mass than offensive and defensive secondary players and receivers, and higher total mass to the lean mass ratio and fat mass to the lean mass ratio compared to the other players. Offensive linemen had a higher fat mass index and fat mass to the lean mass ratio than defensive linemen. However, in all other measures they were similar. Offensive and defensive secondary players and receivers were similar with respect to the measured variables. Bone mineral density of the players was within the normal range and no difference in lean mass was observed between the legs. In conclusion, findings of this study showed that the total and segmental body composition profile of collegiate American football players reflected the demands of particular playing positions.

scholarly journals Food Creatine and DXA-Derived Body Composition in Boys and Girls Aged 8 to 19 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863882110593
Author(s):  
Darinka Korovljev ◽  
Nikola Todorovic ◽  
Valdemar Stajer ◽  
Sergej M Ostojic
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Mineral Density

Several small-scale trials indicate a positive correlation between dietary creatine intake and fat-free mass in the pediatric population; whether this connection occurs at the population-wide level remains currently unknown. The main purpose of this cross-sectional study was to calculate the amount of creatine consumed through a regular diet among U.S. boys and girls aged 8 to 19 years, and investigate the link between creatine consumption and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived body composition indices in this population. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018 round, with dietary information and whole-body DXA body composition measures extracted for respondents aged 8 to 19 years (1273 participants, 649 boys and 624 girls). Individual values for total grams of creatine consumed per day for each participant were computed using the average amount of creatine (3.88 g/kg) across all creatine-containing foods. The primary exposure was the mean daily intake of creatine; the primary and secondary outcomes comprised lean mass excluding bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density, BMC, lean mass including BMC, fat mass, and percent body fat, respectively. The average intake of creatine across the sample was 0.65 ± 0.72 g/day (95% CI, from 0.61 to 0.69). Creatine positively correlated with lean mass (excluding BMC) and BMC across the whole sample ( r = .18 and .20, respectively; P < .001); a significant negative correlation was found between creatine intake and percent body fat ( r = −.09; P = .001). The higher intake of creatine was associated with higher lean mass in girls and higher BMC in boys, while taking more creatine corresponded to less body fat for both genders ( P < .05). Our findings indicate a significant correlation between dietary creatine and DXA-derived body composition biomarkers in a nationally representative cohort of U.S. youth. These results justify further research of creatine’s role in modifying body morphology in the pediatric population, taking into account the age and sex specific traits.

Body Composition of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Female Soccer Athletes through Competitive Seasons

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Roelofs ◽  
April Bockin ◽  
Tyler Bosch ◽  
Jonathan Oliver ◽  
Christopher W. Bach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Division I ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Total Fat

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine body composition of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I female soccer players by position and season. One hundred seventy-five female athletes were categorized by positions of forward (n=47), midfielder (n=51), defender (n=57), and goalkeeper (n=20). A dual X-ray absorptiometry scan assessed percent body fat, total lean mass, total fat mass, arm and leg lean mass and fat mass, and visceral adipose tissue. Goalkeepers had significantly higher total, arm, and leg lean mass and fat mass compared to all other positions (p<0.05). For seasonal changes, body fat percentage was significantly higher in winter off-season (26.7%) compared to summer off-season (25.7%) and pre-season (25.8%; p<0.01) for all positions. Total and leg lean mass was significantly lower in winter off-season compared to all other seasons, and total lean mass was significantly higher in summer off-season than pre-season (p<0.01). Overall, goalkeepers were significantly different than all other positions. Body fat percentage increased and lean mass decreased in winter off-season indicating potential undesired changes in training and/or nutrition over the break whereas lean mass was the highest in summer off-season potentially reflecting the emphasis on resistance training and increased volume of training.

The Association Between Body Composition, 25(OH)D, and PTH and Bone Mineral Density in Black African and Asian Indian Population Groups

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 2146-2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya A. George ◽  
L. K. Micklesfield ◽  
S. A. Norris ◽  
N. J. Crowther
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Asian Indian ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Black African ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Context and Objective: There are few data on the contribution of body composition to bone mineral density (BMD) in non-Caucasian populations. We therefore studied the contribution of body composition, and possible confounding of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and PTH, to BMD at various skeletal sites in black African (BA) and Asian Indian (AI) subjects. Design and Setting: This was a cross-sectional study in Johannesburg, South Africa. Participants: BMD, body fat, and lean mass were measured using dual x-ray absorptiometry and abdominal fat distribution by ultrasound in 714 healthy subjects, aged 18–65 years. Results: Whole-body (subtotal), hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine (lumbar) BMD were significantly higher in BA than AI subjects (P &lt; .001 for all). Whole-body lean mass positively associated with BMD at all sites in both ethnic groups (P &lt; .001 for all) and partially explained the higher BMD in BA females compared with AI females. Whole-body fat mass correlated positively with lumbar BMD in BA (P = .001) and inversely with subtotal BMD in AI subjects (P &lt; .0001). Visceral adiposity correlated inversely with subtotal BMD in the BA (P = .037) and with lumbar BMD in the AI group (P = .005). No association was found between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and BMD. PTH was inversely associated with hip BMD in the BA group (P = .01) and with subtotal (P = .002), hip (P = .001), and femoral BMD (P &lt; .0001) in the AI group. Conclusions: Significant differences in whole-body and site-specific BMD between the BA and AI groups were observed, with lean mass the major contributor to BMD at all sites in both groups. The contribution of other components of body composition differed by site and ethnic group.

scholarly journals Body composition in professional female netball players within and between seasons: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Hogarth ◽  
Ava Farley ◽  
Max McKenzie ◽  
Brendan Burkett ◽  
Mark McKean
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Preparation Period ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Composition Changes

Abstract Background There is limited information on the physique attributes of female netball players from the highest playing standards and the typical body composition changes that occur with training and competition in these athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the body composition of professional female netball players and changes that occur within and between national premier netball seasons. Methods Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) assessments were conducted in 20 female netball players (age = 26.5 [4.7] years, body mass = 77.3 [9.7] kg, stature = 182.7 [9.5] cm) contracted to a Suncorp Super Netball team. Total body lean mass, fat mass, bone mass and bone mineral density were derived for 127 assessments collected over three seasons. Linear mixed effects modelling was used to examine changes in body composition measures within and between seasons. Results Goal circle players were heavier (12.3 [3.5] kg, p < 0.001, g = 1.51) and taller (15.0 [2.7] cm, p < 0.001, g = 2.30) than midcourt players, and midcourt players had greater lean mass (3.1 [1.6] %, p = 0.07, g = 0.85) and less fat mass (-3.3 [1.7] %, p = 0.06, g = -0.84) than goal circle players when values were normalised to body mass. Players achieved increases in lean mass (2,191 [263] g, p < 0.01, g = 0.45) and decreases in fat mass (-835 [351] g, p = 0.09, g = -0.16) following a preseason preparation period. There were no changes in lean mass (-394 [295] g, p = 0.54, g = 0.07) or fat mass (102 [389] g, p = 0.99, g = 0.04) from the start to the end of the 14-week competition period. Conclusions Professional female netball players achieve small changes in lean mass and fat mass during preseason preparation and maintain their physique over the competitive season. The results of this study can inform practitioners on the training content necessary to promote or maintain desired body composition changes in these athletes.

scholarly journals POS0839 BODY COMPOSITION AND FREQUENCY OF SARCOPENIA IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 673.2-674
Author(s):  
A. Efremova ◽  
O. Nikitinskaya ◽  
N. Toroptsova ◽  
O. Dobrovolskaya ◽  
N. Demin
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Chair Stand ◽  
Stand Test

Background:Sarcopenia can be age associated (primary form) or secondary to chronic disorders, including rheumatic inflammatory disorders. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by widespread vasculopathy, progressive fibrosis of the skin and other internal organs, such as lung, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system. Different from the other chronic rheumatic inflammatory disorders, sarcopenia has not been well evaluated in SSc patients.Objectives:To assess the body composition (BC) and to identify the frequency of sarcopenia (SP) in SSc patients.Methods:A total of 44 women who met the ACR/EULAR 2013 classification criteria were included. Mean age was 53,2 + 8,8 years. The median disease duration was 7,0 [4,0;12,0] years. 26 (59,1%) patients had limited and 18 (40,9%) - diffuse cutaneous subtype. Body composition was measured using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of whole body. The appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) was calculated as the ratio of appendicular lean mass (ALM) to height (kg/m2). Handgrip measurement and chair stand test were performed. Physical function was measured with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). SP was diagnosed in agreement with the 2019 revised consensus on definition and diagnosis of SP of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2): handgrip <16kg, chair stand test > 15 seconds for 5 rises, ALM <15 kg or ALMI <5.5 kg/m2. Severe SP was detected if the patient additionally had gait speed ≤0.8 m/s or SPPB ≤ 8-point score. Overfat was defined as body fat percentage >35%.Results:The median bone mineral content was 2.0 [1.8; 2.2] kg, total lean mass - 39,5 [35,7; 45,5] kg, ALM - 16,3 [14,5;19,4] kg, ALMI – 6,5 [5,7; 7,2] kg/m2, trunk fat mass – 13,5 [9,1; 16,7] kg and total fat mass - 26,6 [20,1; 34,5] kg. Body fat percentage was 38,8% [34,2; 42,7].9 (20,5%) women had low ALM and low ALMI, 6 (13,6%) – only low ALM. Healthy BC was found in 5 (11,3%), low ALM or low ALMI – in 7 (15,9%), overfat – in 24 (54,5%), low ALM + overfat – in 8 (18,2%) patients. We found no differences in BC between SSc patients with limited and diffuse cutaneous subtype.Low muscle strength (SP probable) was found in 21 (47,7%) women, meanwhile confirmed SP (low muscle strength and muscle mass) was diagnosed in 10 (22,7%) patients, among them 5 (11,4%) persons had severe SP. No significant difference in SP frequency among patients with limited and diffuse cutaneous SSc 4 (15,4%) and 6 (33,3%), respectively, (p=0,27). Osteoporosis was found in 6 (60%) patients with SP without differences in SSc subtypes.Conclusion:Healthy BC was found only in 11,3% cases, while overfat - in 72,7% and low ALM – in 34,1% SSc patients. SP was detected in 22.7% of women, among them in half of cases - severe SP, without any differences between the limited and diffuse subtypes of the disease.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals AB0795 DYNAMIC CHANGES IN QUANTITATIVE INDICES OF BODY COMPOSITION BY DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ON DIFFERENT THERAPEUTIC REGIMENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1422.2-1422
Author(s):  
Y. Gorbunova ◽  
T. Popkova ◽  
T. Panafidina ◽  
N. Demin ◽  
E. Nasonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lean Muscle Mass ◽  
Group I

Background:A redistribution of body fat (abdominal obesity) is quite common in RA patients. Such parameters as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference do not distinguish or quantify fat and lean (muscle) mass. For that purpose, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is usually used.Objectives:to compare quantitative body composition in patients with early RA at baseline and after 24 weeks of therapy with different regimens.Methods:The study included 37pts (31 women /6 men) with early RA (ACR/EULAR criteria, 2010), 57 [46.5, 62,0] years old, naïve to treatment with glucocorticoids and disease-modifying anti-rheumatics (DMARDs). Pts were seropositive for IgM RF (76%) and anti-CCP (92%), with highly active RA (DAS28 5,5 [5,1; 6,0]; SDAI 32,4 [22,4; 42], CDAI 29,0 [19,7; 39,5]) scores, and median disease duration of 6.0 [5,5;15.5] months. Methotrexate (MTX) 10 [10-15] mg/week subcutaneously was initiated in all included patients as first line therapy for 12 weeks. By this time point therapy was reviewed in 19 patients (51%) due to MTX inefficacy and adalimumab (ADA) at 40 mg once every 2 weeks was added on top of MTX. DXA scan (HOLOGIC, USA) was used to measure body composition at baseline and after 6mths of treatment with the protocol assessing total body, body fat and lean muscle mass.Results:Based on therapeutic regimens at week 24 all study subjects were divided into 2 groups: Group I (n=18) receiving MTX monotherapy, Group II (n=19) – the combination of MTX and ADA (Table 1). Group I patients had lower body weight, lean and fat mass vs patients from Group II (62 kg vs. 73.7 kg; 40.6 kg vs. 49.7 kg; 21.0 kg vs. 25.8 kg, respectively (p<0.05 in all cases) at baseline. 24 weeks of combination therapy eventuated in body weight gain (73.7 kg vs. 75.8 kg), accumulation of fat (25.8 kg vs. 28.1 kg) and unchanged lean tissue mass. In contrast, patients on MTX monotherapy managed to increase their lean mass (40.6 kg vs. 41.6 kg) without gaining in total fat mass.Table 1.IndicesI group (n=18),monotherapy МТII group (n=19),combination therapy (MTX, ADA)baseline24 weeksΔ,%baseline24 weeksΔ,%Body fat mass, kg21,0 [17,2;26,2]**23,4 [17,5;29,7]+1125,8 [18,4;35,0]28,1 [21,4;37,9]*+9Lean mass, kg40,6 [37,3;44,7]**41,6 [38,2;46,4]***/*+2,549,7 [39,0;56,1]49,9 [41,0;57,6]0,4Total mass, kg62,0 [57,7;77,6]**64,1 [59,5;81,6]***+3,473,7 [64,5;97,9]75,8 [66,8;102,1]*+2,8*p<0,05 reliability of differences in parameters before treatment and after 6mth (Wilcoxon); **p<0.05 differences in baseline values in groups I and II (Mann-Whitney test);***p<0.05 difference in the indices between the groups by the 6mth of therapy; Δ,% difference in indices between the groups by the 6mth of therapy.Conclusion:In general, RA patients on treatment tend to gain weight by week 24. Patients who failed on MTX monotherapy by week 24 and were switched to combination therapy had higher fat mass at baseline. Mediations used for RA treatment produce multidirectional effects on quantitative parameters of body composition: MTX monotherapy triggers some increase of lean mass, while combination of MTX and bDMARD results in weight gain and increase of total and fat mass. These data need to be confirmed in large-scale studies with longer follow-up period.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals High aromatase activity in hypogonadal men is associated with higher spine bone mineral density, increased truncal fat and reduced lean mass

2015 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina E Aguirre ◽  
Georgia Colleluori ◽  
Kenneth E Fowler ◽  
Irum Zeb Jan ◽  
Kenneth Villareal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Musculoskeletal Health ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Low Testosterone

ObjectiveBecause the aromatase enzyme catalyzes the conversion of testosterone to estradiol (E2), the activity of this enzyme could be important in the musculoskeletal health of men with low testosterone. The objective of the present study is to determine the influence of aromatase activity on the bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition of patients with hypogonadism.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsThe baseline data of 90 patients between 40 and 74 years old who participated in a genetic study of response to testosterone therapy in men with low testosterone (i.e., <300 ng/dl) were analyzed. BMD and body composition were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum testosterone was measured by automated immunoassay, E2was measured by ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay, and sex hormone-binding globulin was measured by enzyme immunoassay.ResultsMen in the highest tertile of E2to testosterone ratio (E2:T) had the highest spine BMD (P≤0.037), highest truncal fat (P=0.046), and lowest truncal lean body mass (P=0.045). A similar pattern was observed in the upper extremities; that is, fat mass significantly increased (P=0.047), whereas lean mass significantly decreased (P=0.034) with increasing E2:T tertiles.ConclusionThe present findings suggest that in men with hypogonadism, aromatase activity could be an important determinant of musculoskeletal health. Men with high aromatase activity are able to maintain a higher BMD despite low circulating testosterone, but they have lower lean and higher truncal fat mass as compared to those with lower aromatase activity.

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