Access to contraception: A nonprofit’s community strategy

Abstract Background Social norms continue to be entrenched in Uganda. Understanding social norms helps to uncover the underlying drivers that influence attitudes and behavior towards contraceptive access and use. This study therefore seeks to investigate the factors that influence the social norm – access to contraception by adolescent girls – in six districts in Uganda. Data and methods: Using data from a community cross-sectional survey in six districts (Amudat, Kaberamaido, Kasese, Moroto, Tororo and Pader) in Uganda, a binary logistic regression model was fitted to examine the variation in individual beliefs and socio-economic and demographic factors on ‘allowing adolescent girls to access contraception in a community’ – we refer to as a social norm. Results Results demonstrate that a higher proportion of respondents hold social norms that inhibit adolescent girls from accessing contraception in the community. After controlling for all variables, the likelihood for adolescent girls to be allowed access to contraception in the community was higher among respondents living in Kaberamaido (OR = 2.58; 95 %CI = 1.23–5.39), Kasese (OR = 2.62; 95 %CI = 1.25–5.47), Pader (OR = 4.35; 95 %CI = 2.15–8.79) and Tororo (OR = 9.44; 95 %CI = 4.59–19.37), those aged 30–34 years likely (OR = 1.73; 95 %CI = 1.03–2.91). However, the likelihood for respondents living in Moroto to agree that adolescent girls are allowed to access contraception was lower (OR = 0.27; 95 %CI = 0.11–0.68) compared to respondents living in Amudat. Respondents who were not formally employed (OR = 0.63; 95 %CI = 0.43–0.91), and those who agreed that withdrawal prevents pregnancy (OR = 0.45; 95 %CI = 0.35–0.57) were less likely to agree that adolescent girls are allowed to access contraception in the community. Respondents who agreed that a girl who is sexually active can use contraception to prevent unwanted pregnancy (OR = 1.84; 95 %CI = 1.33–2.53), unmarried women or girls should have access to contraception (OR = 2.15; 95 %CI = 1.61–2.88), married women or girls should have access to contraception (OR = 1.55; 95 %CI = 0.99–2.39) and women know where to obtain contraception for prevention against pregnancy (OR = 2.35; 95 %CI = 1.19–4.65) were more likely to agree that adolescent girls are allowed to access contraception. Conclusions The findings underscore the need for context specific ASRH programs that take into account the differences in attitudes and social norms that affect access and use of contraception by adolescents.

Download Full-text

Strategi Penyelesaian Pendaftaran Tanah Hak Komunal Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta

Tunas Agraria ◽

10.31292/jta.v2i1.17 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 45-69

Author(s):

Ardi Saputra Sinaga ◽

Julius Sembiring ◽

Sukayadi Sukayadi

Keyword(s):

Indigenous Peoples ◽

Research Method ◽

Legal Status ◽

Land Rights ◽

Customary Law ◽

Legal Certainty ◽

Land Registration ◽

Communal Land ◽

Community Strategy ◽

Land Control

Abstract: Environment and Forestry Ministry established the reserve incense forest of the Pan-dumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community as a customary forest. But in reality, it has not been guaranteed legal certainty regarding the existence and recognition of the rights of the Pan-dumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community. The objective of this research is to know the le-gal status of Indigenous Peoples forest in Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law at this time, strategy of the land registration of communal right settlement, and constraint and effort done in the land registration of communal right settlement of Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community. This research uses qualitative research method with empirical juridical research form. Based on the results of the study showed that the legal status of the Indigenous Forests of Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Society is currently reserved as customary forest of Pan-dumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community. Strategy for resolving communal rights land registration in the incense forest of the Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community through four stages. First, recognition of the existence of the Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community. Secondly, the establishment of customary forests of the Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community by Environment and Forestry Ministry. Third, the Settlement of Land Control in Forest Areas is carried out in accordance with Presidential Regulation Number 88 of 2017 by issuing customary forests of the Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Customary Law Community from forest areas. Fourth, registration of communal land rights of Pandumaan-Sipituhuta Custom-ary Law Community.Keywords: strategy, communal rights, customary forestsIntisari: Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) menetapkan pencadangan hutan kemenyan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta sebagai hutan adat. Tetapi kenyataannya, keadaan tersebut hingga saat ini dinilai belum menjamin kepastian hukum akan keberadaan dan pengakuan hak Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan bagaimana strategi penyelesaian pendaftaran tanah hak komunal hutan kemenyan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa status hukum hutan kemenyan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta saat ini dicadangkan sebagai hutan adat. Strategi penyelesaian pendaftaran tanah hak komunal hutan kemenyan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta melalui empat tahapan. Pertama, pengakuan keberadaan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta. Kedua, penetapan hutan adat Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta oleh KLHK. Ketiga, dilakukan Penyelesaian Penguasaan Tanah dalam Kawasan Hutan sesuai dengan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 88 Tahun 2017dengan cara mengeluarkan hutan adat Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta dari kawasan hutan. Keempat, pendaftaran tanah hak komunal Masyarakat Hukum Adat Pandumaan-Sipituhuta.Kata Kunci : strategi, hak komunal, hutan adat

Download Full-text

Challenging Criminalization in Los Angeles

10.1093/oso/9780197611500.003.0006 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 117-151

Author(s):

Mark R. Warren

Keyword(s):

School District ◽

Los Angeles ◽

Juvenile Justice System ◽

Zero Tolerance ◽

Youth Justice ◽

Transformative Justice ◽

Community Strategy ◽

Behavioral Supports ◽

Police Control

Chapter 5 documents the ways organizing groups have confronted a vast school district and militarized system of police control in Los Angeles. It features the role of Black and Brown parents in CADRE as key leaders. These parents won the first district-wide breakthrough against zero tolerance discipline approaches in the country when they got the LA Unified School District to adopt schoolwide positive behavioral supports in 2006. The movement “nationalized” this local victory, inspiring groups across the country to launch campaigns against zero tolerance. The chapter also highlights the youth-organizing work of the Labor Community Strategy Center to end police ticketing of students, one of the pioneering efforts to address policing in the school-to-prison pipeline movement. It examines the Youth Justice Coalition and its Free LA High School that supports young people returning from the juvenile justice system and attempts to create a model for police-free schools based upon transformative justice.

Download Full-text