scholarly journals Centrosome movement in the early divisions of Caenorhabditis elegans: a cortical site determining centrosome position.

1989 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 1185-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
A A Hyman
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Correct Position ◽  
Rotational Movement ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Proposed Model

In Caenorhabditis elegans embryos, early blastomeres of the P cell lineage divide successively on the same axis. This axis is a consequence of the specific rotational movement of the pair of centrosomes and nucleus (Hyman, A. A., and J. G. White. 1987. J. Cell Biol. 105:2123-2135). A laser has been used to perturb the centrosome movements that determine the pattern of early embryonic divisions. The results support a previously proposed model in which a centrosome rotates towards its correct position by shortening of connections, possibly microtubules, between a centrosome and a defined site on the cortex of the embryo.

Major sex-determining genes and the control of sexual dimorphism in Caenorhabditis elegans

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 625-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hodgkin ◽  
Andrew D. Chisholm ◽  
Michael M. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
The Many ◽  
Lineage Analysis

Sex determination in Caenorhabditis elegans involves a cascade of major regulatory genes connecting the primary sex determining signal, X chromosome dosage, to key switch genes, which in turn direct development along either male or female pathways. Animals with one X chromosome (XO) are male, while animals with two X chromosomes (XX) are hermaphrodite: hermaphrodite development occurs because the action of the regulatory genes is modified in the germ line so that both sperm and oocytes are made inside a completely female soma. The regulatory genes are being examined by both genetic and molecular means. We discuss how these major genes, in particular the last switch gene in the cascade, tra-1, might regulate the many different sex-specific events that occur during the development of the hermaphrodite and of the male.Key words: nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, sex determination, sexual differentiation, cell lineage analysis.

ISOLATION AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF CELL-LINEAGE MUTANTS OF THE NEMATODE CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Robert Horvitz ◽  
John E Sulston
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Embryonic Cell ◽  
Null Alleles ◽  
Recessive Mutation ◽  
Incomplete Penetrance ◽  
Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Cell Divisions ◽  
Recessive Mutations

ABSTRACT Twenty-four mutants that alter the normally invariant post-embryonic cell lineages of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have been isolated and genetically characterized. In some of these mutants, cell divisions fail that occur in wild-type animals; in other mutants, cells divide that do not normally do so. The mutants differ in the specificities of their defects, so that it is possible to identify mutations that affect some cell lineages but not others. These mutants define 14 complementation groups, which have been mapped. The abnormal phenotype of most of the cell-lineage mutants results from a single recessive mutation; however, the excessive cell divisions characteristic of one strain, CB1322, require the presence of two unlinked recessive mutations. All 24 cell-lineage mutants display incomplete penetrance and/or variable expressivity. Three of the mutants are suppressed by pleiotropic suppressors believed to be specific for null alleles, suggesting that their phenotypes result from the complete absence of gene activity.

scholarly journals Selective lineage specification by mab-19 during Caenorhabditis elegans male peripheral sense organ development.

Genetics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
M E Sutherlin ◽  
S W Emmons
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Sense Organ ◽  
Sensory Ray ◽  
Hypodermal Cell ◽  
Physiological Stress Response ◽  
Male Specific

Abstract The action of the gene mab-19 is required for specification of a subset of Caenorhabditis elegans male peripheral sense organ (ray) lineages. Two mab-19 alleles, isolated in screens for ray developmental mutations, resulted in males that lacked the three most posterior rays. Cell lineage alterations of male-specific divisions of the most posterior lateral hypodermal (seam) blast cell, T, resulted in the ray loss phenotype in mab-19 mutant animals. Postembryonic seam lineage defects were limited to male-specific T descendent cell divisions. Embryonic lethality resulted when either mab-19 mutation was placed over a chromosomal deficiency encompassing the mab-19 locus. The earliest detectable defect was aberrant hypodermal cell movements during morphogenesis. From these data, it is inferred that both mab-19 alleles described are hypomorphs, and further reduction of mab-19 function results in embryos that are unable to complete morphogenesis. Thus, mab-19 may play a larger role in developmental regulation of hypodermal cell fate, including sensory ray development in males. Body morphology mutations, passage through the dauer stage, and heat or CdCl2 treatment suppressed mab-19 male phenotypes. A model is presented in which all three types of suppression result in a physiological stress response, which in turn leads to correction of the mab-19 defect.

PES-1 is expressed during early embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans and has homology to the fork head family of transcription factors

Development ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A. Hope
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Embryonic Cell ◽  
Early Embryogenesis ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Promoter Trapping ◽  
Fork Head ◽  
Initiation Of Transcription ◽  
Beta Galactosidase

Promoter trapping has identified a gene, pes-1, which is expressed during C. elegans embryogenesis. The beta-galactosidase expression pattern, directed by the pes-1/lacZ fusion through which this gene was cloned, has been determined precisely in terms of the embryonic cell lineage and has three components. One component is in a subset of cells of the AB founder cell lineage during early embryogenesis, suggesting pes-1 may be regulated both by cell autonomous determinants and by intercellular signals. Analysis of cDNA suggests pes-1 has two sites for initiation of transcription and the two transcripts would encode related but distinct proteins. The predicted PES-1 proteins have homology to the fork head family of transcription factors and therefore may have important regulatory roles in early embryogenesis.

Novel cysteine-rich motif and homeodomain in the product of the Caenorhabditis elegans cell lineage gene lin-II

Nature ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 344 (6269) ◽  
pp. 876-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwen Freyd ◽  
Stuart K. Kim ◽  
H. Robert Horvitz
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Lineage

scholarly journals The embryonic cell lineage of Caenorhabditis elegans : A modern hieroglyph

BioEssays ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Sáenz-Narciso ◽  
Eva Gómez-Orte ◽  
Angelina Zheleva ◽  
Rafael Torres-Pérez ◽  
Juan Cabello
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Embryonic Cell

scholarly journals Automated cell lineage tracing in Caenorhabditis elegans

2006 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 2707-2712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Bao ◽  
J. I. Murray ◽  
T. Boyle ◽  
S. L. Ooi ◽  
M. J. Sandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Lineage Tracing

scholarly journals Microinjection into the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo using an uncoated glass needle enables cell lineage visualization and reveals cell-non-autonomous adhesion control

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Kikuchi ◽  
Akatsuki Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Glass Needle ◽  
Time Specific

AbstractMicroinjection is a useful method in cell biology, with which exogenous substances are introduced into a cell in a location- and time-specific manner. The Caenorhabditis elegans embryo is an important model system for cell and developmental biology. Applying microinjection to the C. elegans embryo had been difficult due to the rigid eggshell surrounding the embryo. In 2013, microinjection method using a carbon-coated quartz needle for the C. elegans embryo was reported. To prepare the needle, unfortunately, special equipment is required and thus a limited number of researchers can use this method. In this study, we established a method for the microinjection of drugs, dyes, and microbeads into the C. elegans embryo using an uncoated glass needle that can be produced in a general laboratory. This method enabled us to easily detect cell lineage up to adult stages by injecting a fluorescent dye into a blastomere. We also found a cell-non-autonomous control mechanism of cell adhesion; specifically, the injection of an actin inhibitor into one cell at the 2-cell stage enhanced adhesion between daughter cells of the other cell. Our microinjection method is expected to be used for broad studies and could facilitate various discoveries using C. elegans.

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