scholarly journals RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF MAMMALIAN TYPE C VIRAL PROTEINS

1973 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wade P. Parks ◽  
David M. Livingston ◽  
George J. Todaro ◽  
Raoul E. Benveniste ◽  
Edward M. Scolnick
Keyword(s):  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Virion Protein ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Type C ◽  
Antigenic Reactivity ◽  
Murine Leukemia

A radioimmunoassay specific for a murine leukemia virus structural protein, the gs antigen, detects an antigenic reactivity in normal murine cells in culture and natural tissues. The assay was shown to measure an antigen that is highly related to the virion protein as shown by absorption tests, immunoadsorbent chromatography, and by analysis of linearized dose-response curves. These findings combined with the finding of viral-specific RNA indicate that portions of the viral genome are being expressed with a much greater frequency than previously appreciated.

Recent Studies on a Murine Leukemia Virus Grown in Tissue Culture

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
L. Z. de Tkaczevski ◽  
E. de Harven ◽  
C. Friend
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Supernatant Fluid ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Friend Leukemia ◽  
Type C ◽  
Leukemia Viruses ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Despite extensive studies, the correlation between the morphology and pathogenicity of murine leukemia viruses (MLV) has not yet been clarified. The virus particles found in the plasma of leukemic mice belong to 2 distinct groups, 1 or 2% of them being enveloped A particles and the vast majority being of type C. It is generally believed that these 2 types of particles represent different phases in the development of the same virus. Particles of type A have been thought to be an earlier form of type C particles. One of the tissue culture lines established from Friend leukemia solid tumors has provided the material for the present study. The supernatant fluid of the line designated C-1A contains an almost pure population of A particles as illustrated in Figure 1. The ratio is, therefore, the reverse of what is unvariably observed in the plasma of leukemic mice where C particles predominate.

scholarly journals Replacement of Murine Leukemia Virus Readthrough Mechanism by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Frameshift Allows Synthesis of Viral Proteins and Virus Replication

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 3345-3350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Noëlle Brunelle ◽  
Léa Brakier-Gingras ◽  
Guy Lemay
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Model ◽  
Polyprotein Precursor ◽  
Leukemia Viruses ◽  
Murine Leukemia

ABSTRACT Retroviruses use unusual recoding strategies to synthesize the Gag-Pol polyprotein precursor of viral enzymes. In human immunodeficiency virus, ribosomes translating full-length viral RNA can shift back by 1 nucleotide at a specific site defined by the presence of both a slippery sequence and a downstream stimulatory element made of an extensive secondary structure. This so-called frameshift mechanism could become a target for the development of novel antiviral strategies. A different recoding strategy is used by other retroviruses, such as murine leukemia viruses, to synthesize the Gag-Pol precursor; in this case, a stop codon is suppressed in a readthrough process, again due to the presence of a specific structure adopted by the mRNA. Development of antiframeshift agents will greatly benefit from the availability of a simple animal and virus model. For this purpose, the murine leukemia virus readthrough region was rendered inactive by mutagenesis and the frameshift region of human immunodeficiency virus was inserted to generate a chimeric provirus. This substitution of readthrough by frameshift allows the synthesis of viral proteins, and the chimeric provirus sequence was found to generate infectious viruses. This system could be a most interesting alternative to study ribosomal frameshift in the context of a virus amenable to the use of a simple animal model.

scholarly journals Mus cervicolor Murine Leukemia Virus Isolate M813 Belongs to a Unique Receptor Interference Group

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 4490-4498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Prassolov ◽  
Sibyll Hein ◽  
Marion Ziegler ◽  
Dmitry Ivanov ◽  
Carsten Münk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Cell Entry ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Common Receptor ◽  
Type C ◽  
Murine Leukemia ◽  
Receptor Interference

ABSTRACT Murine leukemia virus (MuLV) M813 was originally isolated from the Southeast Asian rodent Mus cervicolor. As with the ecotropic MuLVs derived from Mus musculus, its host range is limited to rodent cells. Earlier studies have mapped its receptor to chromosome 2, but it has not been established whether M813 shares a common receptor with any other MuLVs. In this study, we have performed interference assays with M813 and viruses from four interference groups of MuLV. The infection efficiency of M813 was not compromised in cells expressing any one of the other MuLVs, demonstrating that M813 must use a distinct receptor for cell entry. The entire M813 env coding region was molecularly cloned. Sequence analysis revealed high similarity with other MuLVs but with a unique receptor-binding domain. Substitution of M813env sequences in Moloney MuLV resulted in a replication-competent virus with a host range and interference profile similar to those of the biological clone M813. M813 thus defines a novel receptor interference group of type C MuLVs.

Demonstration with monoclonal antibody of the glycoprotein nature of Thy-1.2 alloantigen

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1026-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Letarte ◽  
Jane Addis ◽  
Marcy E. MacDonald ◽  
Alan Bernstein ◽  
Phil Lake
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Antigen Present ◽  
Friend Cells ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Thy-1 antigen, present in large amounts on the brain and thymus of mice, exists in two allelic forms, either Thy-1.1 or Thy-1.2. Previous results have shown that Thy-1.1 alloantigen is expressed on a glycoprotein of molecular weight 25 000, therefore referred to as the Thy-1 glycoprotein. However the presence of Thy-1.2 alloantigen on the purified Thy-1 glycoprotein could not be established unequivocally. The present paper demonstrates that Thy-1.2 alloantigen, identified by F7D5 monoclonal antibody, is localized on the Thy-1 glycoprotein. The limited neutralization by the glycoprotein of the reactivity of AKR anti-C3H allosera to thymocytes is explained by the fact that the antiserum contains antibodies to determinants other than Thy-1.2. The alloantisera are shown to react with viral proteins encoded for by endogenous murine leukemia virus and expressed at the surface of Friend cells and thymocytes.

scholarly journals Helper-independent mink cell focus-inducing strains of Friend murine type-C virus: potential relationship to the origin of replication-defective spleen focus-forming virus.

1978 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
D H Troxler ◽  
E Yuan ◽  
D Linemeyer ◽  
S Ruscetti ◽  
E M Scolnick
Keyword(s):  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Potential Relationship ◽  
Virus Complex ◽  
Mink Cell ◽  
Type C ◽  
Nih Swiss ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Ecotropic Virus ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Recent studies have indicated that both the replication-defective spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) in the Friend virus complex and the helper-independent mink cell focus-inducing (MCF) viruses derived from AKR-murine leukemia virus (MuLV) are env gene recombinants between ecotropic virus and xenotropic virus. In an attempt to isolate additional env gene recombinants between Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) and xenotropic virus, we have inoculated cloned ecotropic F-MuLV into newborn NIH Swiss mice and analyzed MuLV released from preleukemic and leukemic spleens of infected mice. Two helper-independent MCF strains of F-MuLV have been isolated. Like the previously described AKR-MCF viruses, the Friend MCF viruses are env gene recombinants between an ecotropic virus (F-MuLV) and a mouse xenotropic virus, as shown by host range, interference pattern, and tryptic peptide analysis of the gp70s of these MuLV. Furthermore, RNA from the Friend MCF viruses hybridizes completely to cDNAsffv, a nucleic acid probe which detects that portion of SFFV which was not derived from P-MuLV. The ability to isolate replicating MCF viruses derived from F-MuLV FURTHER strengthens the parallels between the Friend erythroleukemia system and the AKR thymic leukemia system. Finally, the potential relationship of helper-independent env gene recombinants between F-MuLV and xenotropic virus to be highly leukemogenic SFFV is discussed.

Biosynthesis and metabolism of viral proteins expressed on the surface of murine leukemia virus-infected cells

Virology ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Ledbetter ◽  
Robert C. Nowinski ◽  
Robert N. Eisenman
Keyword(s):  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Replication of type C Virus Particles in Burkitt Lymphoma Cells in Vitro Treated with Feline or Murine Leukemia Virus

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
K. Maruyama ◽  
T. Fujimoto ◽  
G. R. Swearingen ◽  
L. Dmochowski
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Burkitt Lymphoma ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Type C ◽  
Human Embryo Kidney ◽  
Murine Leukemia

In the course of studies on possible interaction between animal leukemia viruses and a hypothetical human cancer virus(es), a culture line (P3) derived from Burkitt lymphoma and containing herpestype virus was inoculated 10 times with feline or murine leukemia virus. Filtrates (0.45 µ Millipore) of tissue culture fluid from feline lymphoma cell cultures containing type C particles (supplied by Dr. C. G. Rickard) and from human embryo kidney cell cultures infected with Rauscher leukemia virus(supplied by Dr. B. S. Wright) were used as source of virus. Electron micro scopy was carried out on cells from cultures before inoculation, the 4-day-old culture after 10 inoculations, and subcultures at 2nd (30 days), 3rd (40 days), 12th(85 or 95 days) passages after the last inoculation.

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