scholarly journals STIMULUS-RESPONSE IN THE MIXED LYMPHOCYTE REACTION

1973 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 1602-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Harrison ◽  
William E. Paul
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Spleen Cell ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Mouse Spleen Cell ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Reactions

Mixed lymphocyte reactions occur when mouse spleen cell populations depleted of thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes are cultured with allogeneic target cells inactivated by mitomycin C or X irradiation, and when F1 hybrid responder cells are cultured with inactivated parental target cells. These responses might be interpreted as indicating that T lymphocytes are not required for responsiveness and that F1 lymphocytes recognize parental alloantigens. Data reported here indicate that the more likely explanation for these surprising results is that inactivated target cells recognize the "responding" cells and this recognition leads to the response observed.

scholarly journals Fine specificity of alloimmune cytotoxic T lymphocytes directed against H-2K. A study with Kb mutants.

1980 ◽  
Vol 151 (5) ◽  
pp. 993-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
C J Melief ◽  
L P de Waal ◽  
M Y van der Meulen ◽  
R W Melvold ◽  
H I Kohn
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Stimulator Cell ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Fine Specificity ◽  
Close Relationship

The fine specificity of alloimmune cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) was investigated in CTL responses across the smallest known H-2 differences, those based on mutation at a single H-2 locus. CTL were generated in all possible mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) combinations among seven H-2Kb mutants and the mouse strain of origin, C57BL/6 (B6-H-2b). CTL were also generated in all F1 hybrid responder/homozygous stimulator-cell combinations among four Kb mutants and B6-H-2b. CTL activity was measured in cell-mediated lympholysis (CML) against target cells from all Kb mutants and B6-H-2b. Cross-reactivity against targets other than the MLC stimulator was extensive and led to the distinction of 64 CML target determinants. Two Kb mutants (B6-H-2bm6 and B6.C-H-2bm9) showed identical typing for all 64 CML determinants. CML reactions after MLC between these two haplotypes were mutually negative. The mutants B6-H-2bm3 and B6.C-H-2bm11 showed identical typing for 47 of the 64 determinants. Their close relationship is in agreement with the finding that H-2bm3 anti-H-2bm11 CTL were the only ones that exclusively lysed target cells of stimulator-cell genotype. On the basis of CML typing, the sequence of relatedness of the mutants with H-2b is as follows: bm6/bm9-bm10-bm3-bm1-bm11, bm6/bm9 being the closest to, and bm11 the most distant from H-2b. The extensive cross-reactivity of alloimmune CTL appears to reflect immunogenetic complexity rather than lack of specificity. Comparison with other reports supports the notion that the system of Kb CML determinants, recognized by alloimmune CTL, is at least partially overlapping with the H-2Kb specificity repertoire involved in the associative T cell recognition of virus-infected cells.

scholarly journals Antigen receptors on major histocompatibility complex-restricted T lymphocytes. I. Preparation and characterization of syngeneic antisera against trinitrophenyl-activated T cell blasts and demonstration of their specificity for idiotypes on cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

1980 ◽  
Vol 151 (5) ◽  
pp. 1166-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
P H Krammer ◽  
R Rehberger ◽  
K Eichmann
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Cell Receptors ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocytes ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Cell Receptors ◽  
Activated T Cell

This paper describes the specificity of AKR anti-(a) [AKR anti-trinitrophenylated AKR (AKR-TNP)] [AKRa (AKRaAKR TNP)] antisera raised in syngeneic AKR mice against AKRaAKR-TNP cell populations enriched for H-2-restricted aTNP cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTL) by blast-cell isolation. The activity of the antisera resided in the Ig fraction. All antisera were shown to reproducibly react with AKRaAKR-TNP-CTL-containing cell populations in indirect immunofluorescence and all removed the major fraction of CTL in complement-dependent lysis causing a considerable depression of cell-mediated lympholysis. The antisera were nonreactive with alloreactive AKRaC57BL/6 CTL and other H-2-restricted AKR CTL against fluorescein-isothiocyanate-conjugated AKR-target cells. It could be excluded that the antisera contained contaminating antibodies against TNP, TNP-neoantigenic determinants (NAD), or processed CTL-receptor-bound TNP-NAD, thus demonstrating specificity for determinants on T cell receptors of AKRaAKR-TNP CTL. These receptors were produced by the CTL themselves. These observations are interpreted to suggest that AKRa (AKRaAKR-TNP) antisera contain anti-idiotypic antibodies directed against specificity-associated determinants (idiotypes) on T cell receptors of H-2-restricted AKRaAKR-TNP CTL. The antisera provide a new tool to study the genetic control of idiotype expression on H-2-restricted CTL, the biochemistry of T cell receptors, and the regulation of the generation of H-2 restricted CTL on the idiotype level.

scholarly journals Role of antigen, CD8, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) avidity in high dose antigen induction of apoptosis of effector CTL.

1996 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Alexander-Miller ◽  
G R Leggatt ◽  
A Sarin ◽  
J A Berzofsky
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
High Dose ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Peptide Antigen ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Selection Of

Experimental data suggest that negative selection of thymocytes can occur as a result of supraoptimal antigenic stimulation. It is unknown, however, whether such mechanisms are at work in mature CD8+ T lymphocytes. Here, we show that CD8+ effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are susceptible to proliferative inhibition by high dose peptide antigen, leading to apoptotic death mediated by TNF-alpha release. Such inhibition is not reflected in the cytolytic potential of the CTL, since concentrations of antigen that are inhibitory for proliferation promote efficient lysis of target cells. Thus, although CTL have committed to the apoptotic pathway, the kinetics of this process are such that CTL function can occur before death of the CTL. The concentration of antigen required for inhibition is a function of the CTL avidity, in that concentrations of antigen capable of completely inhibiting high avidity CTL maximally stimulate low avidity CTL. Importantly, the inhibition can be detected in both activated and resting CTL. Blocking studies demonstrate that the CD8 molecule contributes significantly to the inhibitory signal as the addition of anti-CD8 antibody restores the proliferative response. Thus, our data support the model that mature CD8+ CTL can accommodate an activation signal of restricted intensity, which, if surpassed, results in deletion of that cell.

scholarly journals Self-sparing of long-term in vitro-cloned or uncloned cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

1986 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 962-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Luciani ◽  
J F Brunet ◽  
M Suzan ◽  
F Denizot ◽  
P Golstein
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Con A ◽  
T Cell Clones ◽  
Cell Clones

At least some long-term in vitro-cultured cytotoxic T cell clones and uncloned cell populations are able, in the presence of Con A, to lyse other cells, to be lysed by other cells, but not to lyse themselves. This as-yet-unexplained result may have implications as to the mechanism of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Private specificities of H-2K and H-2D loci as possible selective targets for effector lymphocytes in cell-mediated immunity.

1975 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
B D Brondz ◽  
I K Egorov ◽  
G I Drizlikh
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Skin Grafts ◽  
Immune Lymphocytes ◽  
Direct Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cross Absorption ◽  
Private Specificity ◽  
Two Populations

Receptors of effector T lymphocytes of congeneic strains of mice do not recognize public H-2 specificities and react to private H-2 specificities only. This has been established with the use of three tests: direct cytotoxicity assay of immune lymphocytes upon target cells, specific absorption of the lymphocytes on the target cells, and rejection of skin grafts at an accelerated fashion. Immunization with two private H-2 specificities in the system C57BL/10ScSn leads to B10.D2 induces formation of two corresponding populations of effector lymphocytes in unequal proportion: a greater part of them is directed against the private specificity H-2.33 (Kb), while the smaller part is towards H-2.2 (Db) private specificity. These two populations of effector lymphocytes do not overlap, as demonstrated by experiments on their cross-absorption on B10.D2 (R107), B10.D2 (R101), B10.A(2R), and B10.A(5R) target cells, as well as on mixtures of R107 and R101 targets. Following removal of lymphocytes reacting with one of the private H-2 specificities, lymphocytes specific to the other specificity are fully maintained. A mixture of target cells, each bearing one of the two immunizing private specificities, absorbs 100% of the immune lymphocytes and is totally destroyed by them. It is suggested that H-2 antigens are natural complexes of hapten-carrier type, in which the role of hapten is played by public H-2 specifities and that of the carrier determinant by either private H-2 specificities or structures closely linked to them. Various models of steric arrangement of MHC determinants recognized by receptors of effector T lymphocytes are discussed.

Inhibition of mouse spleen cell activity by organotin compounds: Effect of attachment of a maltose residue to the organotin group

1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamya Al-Imara ◽  
Myer R. Salaman ◽  
Vojin S. Sljivic ◽  
Robert C. Poller
Keyword(s):  
Spleen Cell ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Organotin Compounds ◽  
Mouse Spleen ◽  
Mouse Spleen Cell

scholarly journals Absence of allogeneic restriction in human T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity to Epstein-Barr virus-infected target cells. Demonstration of an HLA-linked control at the effector level.

1979 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 1310-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Lipinski ◽  
W H Fridman ◽  
T Tursz ◽  
C Vincent ◽  
D Pious ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Target Cell ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Specific Lysis ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Positive Target ◽  
Epstein Barr

Peripheral T lymphocytes from patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) are sensitized in vivo against the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The expression of HLA-A, B, or C molecules at the target cell surface is necessary for the cytotoxic reaction because (a) EBV-positive Daudi cells lacking HLA-A, B, and C determinants are resistant to anti-EBV T-cell lysis, (b) cytolysis of EBV-positive target cells can be consistently inhibited by anti-HLA-A, B, and C and anti-beta 2 microglobulin antibodies. However, no evidence for allogeneic restriction in this system was apparent as (a) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) from one given individual could exert a cytotoxicity of a similar magnitude on different EBV-positive target cells, regardless of the number of HLA-A or B specificities shared by the effectors and targets; (b) CTL from IM patients were able to kill target cells without any HLA-A or B antigen in common; and (c) T5-1 variants lacking one or two HLA antigens at the A, B, or D locus are killed to the same extent as the parental cells. 7 of the 9 IM patients with detectable circulating anti-EBV CTL carried the HLA-A1 antigen, whereas none of the 16 IM patients lacking detectable peripheral CTL were HLA-A1 positive (mean specific lysis of T5-1 target cells by T cells from HLA-A1 positive patients: 29.3 vs. 0.6% in HLA-A1-negative patients) (P less than 10(-9)). These data suggest an HLA-A1-linked gene control of the magnitude of the anti-EBV CTL response. Thus, the HLA region appears to act at two different level sin the T-cell-mediated lysis of EBV-infected cells by controlling first, the development of anti-EBV and second, the expression of HLA-A, B, and C molecules involved as recognition structures at the target cell surface.

scholarly journals Specificity studies on cytolytic T lymphocytes directed against murine leukemia virus-induced tumors. Analysis of monoclonal cytolytic T lymphocytes.

1982 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Plata
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Cytolytic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Tumor Target ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Leukemia Viruses ◽  
Murine Leukemia

The specificities of cloned cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) were studied for the analysis of CTL populations generated against murine leukemia viruses (MuLV) in H-2 congenic BALB/c (H-2d) and BALB.B (H-2b) mice. In particular, CTL generated in response to tumors induced by Gross MuLV and Friend MuLV were studied; these tumors expressed virus-induced antigens that do not cross-react and that can be distinguished from each other. The systematic study of 92 CTL clones clearly indicated that MuLV-immune CTL were highly heterogeneous with respect to both the intensities of target cell lysis that they mediated and to their specificity of recognition of MuLV-induced tumor target cells. Various categories of CTL clones were identified, ranging from CTL clones tht were tightly H-2 restricted and specific for the immunizing tumor to CTL clones that displayed no discernible patterns of specificity and that attacked a large number of different target cells. In addition, the surface markers of these cloned CTL were defined, and the best conditions for their prolonged maintenance in culture were determined. The present data indicate that future efforts in the definition of target antigens recognized by tumor-specific CTL should be performed with monoclonal lymphocytes.

Ultrastructure of conjugates of cytolytic T lymphocytes and target cells

1978 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-616
Author(s):  
S. N. Bykovskaya ◽  
M. O. Raushenbakh ◽  
A. N. Rytenko ◽  
A. F. Bykovskii
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Cytolytic T Lymphocytes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document