The Epidemiology and Control of Acinetobacter baumannii in Health Care Facilities

Background: Health care workers have critical roles to play in breaking the chain of infections in health care settings. The outbreak of Lassa Fever and Ebola Virus Disease in the West African sub-region in recent times is a rationale for a dire need for a strong epidemic preparedness system. The objective of the study is to assess the knowledge and practice of preparedness for infectious disease prevention and control among healthcare workers in secondary health care facilities in Osogbo, Nigeria.Methods: It was a Descriptive cross sectional study and 340 healthcare workers were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Research instrument used were semi structured pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the SPSS software version 17 .0.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 42 + 8.9 years. Out of the 340 healthcare workers studied 88.7% had good knowledge, while 72% and 67% had favorable attitude and good practice towards preparedness for infectious disease prevention and control respectively. Three hundred and eight (90.6%) said they washed their hands regularly before and after procedures. Only 37.4% said they still recap used needles and 31.8% said they have Infectious Disease Prevention and Control committee in their health facility. One hundred and ninety eight (58.2%) said they normally practice quarantine for eligible suspected cases and 77.4% perceived themselves to be at occupational risk of contracting infectious diseases. Having more than ten years of working experience was the major predictor of likelihood to have good knowledge, attitude and practice of preparedness on binary logistic regression analysis.Conclusion: The gap between knowledge and practice of preparedness for Infectious Disease and prevention Control calls for improved awareness and training among health workers, and their consistent monitoring towards behavioural change.

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Expert-proposed European strategies to monitor and control infection, antibiotic use, and resistance in health-care facilities

The Lancet Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/s1473-3099(11)70070-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 338-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Herman Goossens

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Control Infection ◽

And Control ◽

Monitor And Control

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Infection prevention and control in health-care facilities in which hematopoietic cell transplant recipients are treated

Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽

10.1038/bmt.2009.261 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 (8) ◽

pp. 495-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

D Yokoe ◽

C Casper ◽

E Dubberke ◽

G Lee ◽

P Muñoz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Infection Prevention ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Infection Prevention And Control ◽

Cell Transplant ◽

Transplant Recipients ◽

Hematopoietic Cell Transplant ◽

Care Facilities ◽

And Control

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bla TEM, bla SHV and bla CTX-M-15 Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase Produced by Acinetobacter baumanii, Enterobacter clocae and Proteus mirabilis from Pregnant Women in Three Secondary Health Care Facilities in South-south, Nigeria

Journal of Advances in Microbiology ◽

10.9734/jamb/2019/v18i130154 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Florence Z. Uyanga ◽

Emmanuel O. Ekundayo ◽

Emmanuel O. Nwankwo

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽

Proteus Mirabilis ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Secondary Health Care

Background/Purpose: Based on fact there is high urinary tract infection and increasing treatment failure among pregnant women and this has led to increased mortality and morbidity among pregnant women, and increased stay in the hospital. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and distribution of blaTEM, blaCTX-M-15 and blaSHV genes among A. baumannii, P. mirabilis and E. clocae strains isolated from urine samples from pregnant women attending antenatal at three secondary health care facilities south-south Nigeria. Methods: A. baumannii, P. mirabilis and E. clocae strains were isolated and identified using Microbact 24E. The disc diffusion and combined discs methods were used for testing antimicrobial susceptibility. The presence of ESBL was detected using Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST) and CHROMagar respectively. Plasmid extraction was carried out following the protocol of ZR Plasmid Miniprep-Classic extraction kit. Finally, the frequency of resistant genes including blaTEM, blaCTX-M-15 and blaSHV in selected 50 ESBL producing isolates was studied by PCR and using designed primers. Results: A total of 252 clinical isolates was collected from three secondary health care facilities in south-south, Nigeria. ESBLs were found in 231 (92%) isolates. blaCTX-M-15 was the commonest genotype (58.3%), followed by blaSHV (43.3%) and blaTEM (43.3%). Conclusion: ESBL positive strains of Enterobacter clocae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Proteus mirabilis are increasingly found in isolates from pregnant women. The widespread use of antibiotics has caused shifts in bacterial development to overcome the existing mechanisms of combating bacterial infections. These strains become resistant to frequently used antibiotics and they can pass the gene to other bacterial strains, the quick detection of these strains in clinical laboratories an essential step. The frequency of genes encoded ESBL isolates of Enterobacter clocae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Proteus mirabilis may be due to abuse and misuse of antibiotics.

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