British Shipboard Narratives and the Romantic Authorship of the Chinese Coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-183
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Chang
Keyword(s):  

2030 ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rutger van Santen ◽  
Djan Khoe ◽  
Bram Vermeer

A hurricane striking the Chinese coast is ten times as lethal as one hitting the United States. The number of U.S. victims is limited because of better precautions, warning systems, and evacuation methods. More effective observation and communication can save lives. A century ago, hurricanes killed around 7,000 Americans every year, whereas nowadays there are only very few hurricanes of the lethality of Katrina. That progress has yet to reach every corner of Earth, says Guus Berkhout regretfully. This Dutch geophysicist has immersed himself in the mechanisms of disasters and disaster prevention since the beginning of his scientific career—first as professor of seismic imaging and later as professor of innovation at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. We talked to him at the university campus that lies 3 meters below sea level. At his laboratory, Berkhout analyzes the early warning systems and contingency plans that will be needed to protect both his lab and his compatriots. “We can’t stop earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, or tidal waves from happening,” he stresses. “And we may never be able to predict hurricanes or earthquakes with sufficient accuracy. Nor can we hope to prevent people from living in dangerous places. They are simply too attractive.” Human beings indeed seem addicted to living on the edge of catastrophe. The World Bank has calculated that a fifth of all countries are under permanent threat of natural disaster, with some 3.4 billion people—roughly half the world’s population—at heightened risk of being killed by one. Yet unsafe regions are often exceptionally popular places to live and work, one reason being that floodplains and the slopes of volcanoes are highly fertile. The climate is milder along the coast, the soil better, and transport more efficient than farther inland. Even the likelihood of earthquakes isn’t enough to persuade people to live elsewhere, as witnessed by some of the most densely populated areas of California and Japan. Current migration trends—moving to where the action is—suggest that the proportion of people living in unsafe areas will only increase.



2019 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 224-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Shi ◽  
Jinhai Zheng ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Antoine Joly ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 967-983
Author(s):  
Jingming Hou ◽  
Ye Yuan ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Zhiyuan Ren


1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Mao-chang ◽  
Lian Shu-min ◽  
Yang Dong-fang ◽  
Eduardo Zorita


2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 918-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Huan Chang Dong ◽  
Sing Tung Teng ◽  
Stephen S. Bates ◽  
Po Teen Lim


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Hans von Storch ◽  
Qingyyuan Wang ◽  
Qingliang Zhou

Abstract. We have designed a method for testing the quality of multidecadal analyses of SST in regional seas by using a set of high-quality local SST observations. In recognizing that local data may reflect local effects, we focus on dominant EOFs of the local data and of the localized data of the analyses. We examine patterns, and the variability as well as the trends of the principal components. This method is applied to examine four different SST analyses, namely HadISST1, ERSST, COBE SST, and NOAA OISST. They are assessed using a newly constructed high-quality data set of SST at 26 coastal stations along the Chinese coast in 1960–2015 which underwent careful examination with respect to quality, and a number of corrections of inhomogeneities. The four gridded analyses perform by and large well, in particular since 1980. However, for the pre-satellite time period, before 1980, the analyses differ among each other and show some inconsistencies with the local data, such as artificial break points, periods of bias and differences in trends. We conclude that gridded SST-analyses need improvement in the pre-satellite time (prior to 1980s), by re-examining in detail archives of local quality-controlled SST data in many data-sparse regions of the world.



1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 777-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Jacobs ◽  
R. H. Preller ◽  
S. K. Riedlinger ◽  
W. J. Teague


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