Tunable dual plasmon-induced transparency and slow-light analysis based on monolayer patterned graphene metamaterial

Abstract We propose a novel terahertz metamaterial structure based on patterned monolayer graphene. This structure produces an evident dual plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) phenomenon due to destructive interference between bright and dark modes. Since the Fermi level of graphene can be adjusted by an external bias voltage, the PIT phenomenon can be tuned by adjusting the voltage. Then the coupled-mode theory (CMT) is introduced to explore the internal mechanism of the PIT. After that, we investigate the variation of absorption rate at different graphene carrier mobilities, and it shows that the absorption rate of this structure can reach 50%, which is a guideline for the realization of graphene terahertz absorption devices. In addition, through the study of the slow-light performance for this structure, it is found that its group index is as high as 928, which provides a specific theoretical basis for the study of graphene slow-light devices.

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Dual-Mode On-to-Off Modulation of Plasmon-Induced Transparency and Coupling Effect in Patterned Graphene-Based Terahertz Metasurface

Nanoscale Research Letters ◽

10.1186/s11671-019-3237-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Zhimin Liu ◽

Enduo Gao ◽

Zhenbin Zhang ◽

Hongjian Li ◽

Hui Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Slow Light ◽

Coupling Effect ◽

Structural Parameters ◽

Fdtd Simulation ◽

Destructive Interference ◽

Dual Mode ◽

Coupled Mode ◽

Induced Transparency ◽

Difference Time ◽

Plasmon Induced Transparency

AbstractThe plasmon-induced transparency (PIT), which is destructive interference between the superradiation mode and the subradiation mode, is studied in patterned graphene-based terahertz metasurface composed of graphene ribbons and graphene strips. As the results of finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation and coupled-mode theory (CMT) fitting, the PIT can be dynamically modulated by the dual-mode. The left (right) transmission dip is mainly tailored by the gate voltage applied to graphene ribbons (stripes), respectively, meaning a dual-mode on-to-off modulator is realized. Surprisingly, an absorbance of 50% and slow-light property of 0.7 ps are also achieved, demonstrating the proposed PIT metasurface has important applications in absorption and slow-light. In addition, coupling effects between the graphene ribbons and the graphene strips in PIT metasurface with different structural parameters also are studied in detail. Thus, the proposed structure provides a new basis for the dual-mode on-to-off multi-function modulators.

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Optical tunable multifunctional slow light device based on double monolayer graphene grating-like metamaterial

New Journal of Physics ◽

10.1088/1367-2630/ac3d50 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hui Xu ◽

Xiaojing Wang ◽

Zhiquan Chen ◽

Xuelei Li ◽

Longhui He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Slow Light ◽

Incident Light ◽

Monolayer Graphene ◽

Group Index ◽

Dark Mode ◽

Coupled Mode ◽

Frequency Selection ◽

Electrostatic Doping ◽

Tunable Device ◽

Induced Transparency

Abstract A very simple optical tunable device, which can realize multiple functions of frequency selection, reflection and slow light, is presented at the investigation. The proposed device is constructed by a periodic grating-like structure. There are two dielectrics (graphene and silicon) in a period of the equivalent grating. The incident light will strongly resonate with the graphene of electrostatic doping, forming an evanescent wave propagating along the surface of graphene, and this phenomenon is the surface plasmon. Under constructive interference of the polaritons, a unique plasmonic induced transparency phenomenon will be achieved. The induced transparency produced by this device can be well theoretically fitted by the bright and dark mode of optical equivalent cavity which can be called coupled mode theory (CMT). This theory can well analyze the influence of various modes and various losses between the function of this device. The device can use gate voltages for electrostatic doping in order to change the graphene carrier concentration and tune the optical performance of the device. Moreover, the length of the device in y-direction is will be much larger than the length of single cycle, providing some basis for realizing the fast tunable function and laying a foundation for the integration. Through a simulation and calculation, we can find that the group index and group delay of this device are as high as 515 and 0.257 picoseconds (ps) respectively, so it can provide a good construction idea for the slow light device. The proposed grating-like metamaterial structure can provide certain simulation and theoretical help for the optical tunable reflectors, absorbers, and slow light devices.

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Dual plasmon-induced transparency and slow light effect in monolayer graphene structure with rectangular defects

Journal of Physics D Applied Physics ◽

10.1088/1361-6463/aae9cc ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 025104 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Hui Xu ◽

Mingzhuo Zhao ◽

Mingfei Zheng ◽

Cuixiu Xiong ◽

Baihui Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Slow Light ◽

Monolayer Graphene ◽

Light Effect ◽

Induced Transparency ◽

Plasmon Induced Transparency

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Triple plasmon-induced transparency and outstanding slow-light in quasi-continuous monolayer graphene structure

Science China Physics Mechanics and Astronomy ◽

10.1007/s11433-020-1566-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

CuiXiu Xiong ◽

Hui Xu ◽

MingZhuo Zhao ◽

BaiHui Zhang ◽

Chao Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Slow Light ◽

Monolayer Graphene ◽

Induced Transparency ◽

Plasmon Induced Transparency

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Tunable Graphene-Based Plasmon-Induced Transparency Based on Edge Mode in the Mid-Infrared Region

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9030448 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 448 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Heng Xu ◽

Zhaojian Zhang ◽

Shangwu Wang ◽

Yun Liu ◽

Jingjing Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Slow Light ◽

Incident Angle ◽

Transparency Window ◽

Monolayer Graphene ◽

Geometrical Parameters ◽

Edge Mode ◽

Mid Infrared ◽

Transmission Amplitude ◽

Induced Transparency ◽

Plasmon Induced Transparency

A monolayer-graphene-based concentric-double-rings (CDR) structure is reported to achieve broadband plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) on the strength of edge mode in the mid-infrared regime. The theoretical analysis and simulation results reveal that the structure designed here has two plasmonic resonance peaks at 39.1 and 55.4 THz, and a transparency window with high transmission amplitude at the frequency of 44.1 THz. Based on the edge mode coupling between neighbor graphene ribbons, PIT phenomenon is produced through the interference between different (bright and dark) modes. The frequency and bandwidth of the transparency window and slow light time could be effectively adjusted and controlled via changing geometrical parameters of graphene or applying different gate voltages. Additionally, this structure is insensitive to the polarization and incident angle. This work has potential application on the optical switches and slow light modulators.

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Dynamically controllable multi-switch and slow light based on a pyramid-shaped monolayer graphene metamaterial

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics ◽

10.1039/d0cp06182d ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 3949-3962

Author(s):

Cuixiu Xiong ◽

Liu Chao ◽

Biao Zeng ◽

Kuan Wu ◽

Min Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Slow Light ◽

Monolayer Graphene ◽

Light Effect ◽

Induced Transparency ◽

Plasmon Induced Transparency

We can achieve a tunable multi-switch and good slow light effect based on the quadruple plasmon induced transparency effect in a five-step-coupled pyramid-shaped monolayer graphene metamaterial.

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Quadruple plasmon-induced transparency and tunable multi-frequency switch in monolayer graphene terahertz metamaterial

Journal of Physics D Applied Physics ◽

10.1088/1361-6463/ac48b0 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Yuhui Li ◽

Yiping Xu ◽

Jiabao Jiang ◽

Liyong Ren ◽

Shubo Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Modulation Depth ◽

Spectral Response ◽

Incident Light ◽

Extinction Ratio ◽

Fdtd Method ◽

Monolayer Graphene ◽

Destructive Interference ◽

Induced Transparency ◽

Plasmon Induced Transparency

Abstract A monolayer graphene metamaterial composed of a graphene block and four graphene strips, which has the metal-like properties in terahertz frequency range, is proposed to generate an outstanding quadruple plasmon-induced transparency (PIT). Additional analyses show that the forming physical mechanism of the PIT with four transparency windows can be explained by strong destructive interference between the bright mode and the dark mode, and the distributions of electric field intensity and electric field vectors under the irradiation of the incident light. Coupled mode theory (CMT) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method are employed to study the spectral response characteristics of the proposed structure, and the theoretical and simulated results are in good agreement. It is found that a tunable multi-frequency switch and excellent optical storage can be achieved in the wide PIT window. The maximum modulation depth is up to 99.7%, which corresponds to the maximum extinction ratio of 25.04 dB and the minimum insertion loss of 0.19 dB. In addition, the time delay is as high as 0.919 ps, the corresponding group refractive index is up to 2755. Thus, the proposed structure provides a new method for the design of terahertz multi-frequency switches and slow light devices.

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Freestanding bilayer plasmonic waveguide coupling mechanism for ultranarrow electromagnetic-induced transparency band generation

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81118-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Li Yu ◽

Yuzhang Liang ◽

Shuwen Chu ◽

Huixuan Gao ◽

Qiao Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Coupling ◽

Transmission Band ◽

Waveguide Structure ◽

Plasmonic Waveguide ◽

Plasmonic Nanostructures ◽

Destructive Interference ◽

Group Index ◽

Coupling Mechanism ◽

Induced Transparency ◽

Electromagnetic Induced Transparency

AbstractStrong electromagnetic coupling among plasmonic nanostructures paves a new route toward efficient manipulation of photons. Particularly, plasmon-waveguide systems exhibit remarkable optical properties by simply tailoring the interaction among elementary elements. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a freestanding bilayer plasmonic-waveguide structure exhibiting an extremely narrow transmission peak with efficiency up to 92%, the linewidth of only 0.14 nm and an excellent out of band rejection. The unexpected optical behavior considering metal loss is consistent with that of electromagnetic induced transparency, arising from the destructive interference of super-radiative nanowire dipolar mode and transversal magnetic waveguide mode. Furthermore, for slow light application, the designed plasmonic-waveguide structure has a high group index of approximately 1.2 × 105 at the maximum of the transmission band. In sensing application, its lowest sensing figure of merit is achieved up to 8500 due to the ultra-narrow linewidth of the transmission band. This work provides a valuable photonics design for developing high performance nano-photonic devices.

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