Liquid-dependent impedance induced by vapor condensation and percolation in nanoparticle film

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Kano ◽  
Harutaka Mekaru
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Percolation Theory ◽  
Vapor Condensation ◽  
Laplace Pressure ◽  
Void Space ◽  
Organic Vapor ◽  
Condensed Liquid ◽  
Nanoparticle Film

Abstract A liquid-dependent impedance is observed by vapor condensation and percolation in the void space between nanoparticles. Under the Laplace pressure, vapor is effectively condensed into liquid to fill the nanoscale voids in an as-deposited nanoparticle film. Specifically, the transient impedance of the nanoparticle film in organic vapor is dependent on the vapor pressure and the conductivity of the condensed liquid. The response follows a power law that can be explained by the classical percolation theory. The condensed vapor gradually percolates into the void space among nanoparticles. A schematic is proposed to describe the vapor condensation and percolation dynamics among the nanoparticles. These findings offer insights into the behavior of vapor adsorbates in nanomaterial assemblies that contain void space.

Comparing the power law constant (n) for mono- and bi-dispersed filled slurries: using percolation theory concepts

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 583-599
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Campbell ◽  
Jayaprakash S. Radhakrishnan ◽  
Mark D Wetzel
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Percolation Theory

Dynamics of Spontaneous Spreading with Evaporation for thin Solvent Films

1996 ◽  
Vol 464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne D. Dussaud ◽  
Sandra M. Troian
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Spreading Coefficient ◽  
Entire Surface ◽  
Spreading Behavior ◽  
Tracer Particles ◽  
Spreading Coefficients

ABSTRACTWe have investigated the spreading behavior of solvent droplets on a bulk water support using solvents with different vapor pressures and spreading coefficients. Instead of seeding the surface with tracer particles, as is usually done to track moving fronts, we employ laser shadowgraphy to visualize the entire surface of the spreading film including the leading edge. For non-volatile systems it has previously been shown that the leading edge advances in time as t3/4. We find that volatile systems with positive initial spreading coefficients exhibit two spreading fronts, both of which demonstrate power law growth but with exponents closer to 1/2. Surprisingly, differences in the liquid vapor pressure or the spreading coefficient seem only to effect the speed of advance but not the value of the exponent. We are presently investigating the behavior of the subsurface flow to determine the mechanism leading to the smaller spreading exponent.

TOLERANCE OF SCALE-FREE NETWORKS UNDER DEGREE SEGMENT PROTECTION AND REMOVAL

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 1250156
Author(s):  
TAO FU ◽  
BO XU ◽  
YONG-AN ZHANG ◽  
YINI CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Percolation Theory ◽  
Power Law Distribution ◽  
Degree Sum ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Critical Node ◽  
Scale Free Networks ◽  
Node Protection ◽  
Node Removal ◽  
Removal Fraction

We study the tolerance of scale-free networks (following a power-law distribution P(k) = c⋅kα) under degree segment protection and removal. We use percolation theory to examine analytically and numerically the critical node removal fraction pc required for the disintegration of the network as well as the critical node protection fraction ppc necessary to immunize the network against the disintegration. We show that when degree segment protection is prior to degree segment removal and 2 ≤ α ≤3, scale-free networks are quite robust due to the extremely low value of ppc. Meanwhile, if we protect a degree segment with a fixed fraction of nodes, the threshold pc has a generally downward trend as the degree sum of the segment decreases, but it is not strictly monotonic.

Separation of Volatile Organic Compounds from Water by Pervaporation

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Vapor Condensation ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
The Difference

Pervaporation is a membrane process used to separate liquid mixtures. Separation is achieved by a combination of evaporation and membrane permeation. As a result, the process offers the possibility of removing dissolved volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from water, dehydrating organic solvents, and separating mixtures of components with close boiling points or azeotropes that are difficult to separate by distillation or other means.A schematic diagram of the pervaporation process is shown in Figure 1. In the example shown, the feed liquid is a solution of toluene in water which contacts one side of a membrane that is selectively permeable to toluene. The permeate, enriched in toluene, is removed as a vapor from the other side of the membrane. The driving force for the process is the difference in the partial vapor pressures of each component in the feed liquid and the permeate gas. This driving force can be increased by raising the temperature of the feed liquid to increase its vapor pressure or by decreasing the permeate gas pressure. The permeate gas pressure can be adjusted by using a vacuum pump, but industrially the most economical method is to cool and condense the vapor. Condensation spontaneously generates a vacuum. The permeate vapor pressure is then determined by the temperature of the permeate condenser and the composition of the permeate liquid generated by cooling and condensing the permeate vapor.Pervaporation membranes are made by coating a thin layer of selective polymer material onto a microporous support.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document