If the Earth were a cube, what would be the value of the acceleration of gravity at the center of each face?

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 065013
Author(s):  
J A Lira
Keyword(s):  
The Earth ◽  
Acceleration Of Gravity

scholarly journals FORWARD MODELLING METODE GAYABERAT DENGAN MODEL INTRUSI DAN PATAHAN MENGGUNAKAN OCTAVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nurul ◽  
Syamsurijal Rasimeng ◽  
Ida Bagus Suananda Yogi ◽  
Aprillia Yulianata ◽  
Aisah Yuliantina
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Attraction Force ◽  
Distance Curve ◽  
Rock Density ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Fracture Modeling ◽  
Fracture Models ◽  
Acceleration Of Gravity

The gravity method is a geophysical exploration method to measure variations in the acceleration of gravity on the surface of the earth in response to variations in rocks that exist beneath the surface. In gravity exploration requires a preliminary picture as a reference for measurement. This study aims to make forward modeling synthetic OCTAVE based using synthetic data on subsurface rock structures, so as to produce intrusion and fracture models based on differences in the value of the acceleration of gravity from one point to another on the surface of the earth. Synthetic modeling with the geological parameter approach of the study area is based on variations in the price of rock density. The model parameters used in intrusion modeling are the density value of 2.7 g/cm3 and the depth of 850 meters while the fracture modeling uses a density value of 2.7 g/cm3 with a depth of 350 meters and 360 meters and a thickness of 500 meters. From intrusion modeling, the gravity vertical component of attraction force is 0.03 mGal and in the fracture modeling the gravity vertical component of attraction force is 0.0565 mGal. Based on the results of this modeling, distance curve vs. gravity anomaly response is obtained for both cases. In the intrusion rock model obtained by the profile model with an open type down. While the fracture modeling is obtained anomalous profile curve variation which states that in the fracture area with a significant change in the direction of the curve.

scholarly journals Barometric formula for non-isothermal atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (2) ◽  
pp. 022053
Author(s):  
E N Bodunov ◽  
GG Khokhlov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Finite Amount ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Linear Decrease ◽  
Acceleration Of Gravity ◽  
Isothermal Atmosphere

Abstract A new barometric formula is derived for a non-isothermal atmosphere. It takes into account the dependence of the acceleration of gravity and gas temperature on the height z above the Earth’s surface. When deriving this formula, it was assumed that the dependence of the gas temperature on altitude is due to the heating of the Earth’s surface by the Sun and the subsequent heat transfer of energy from the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere. The proposed formula coincides with the classical barometric formula for an isothermal atmosphere at low altitudes z, takes into account the experimental linear decrease in the temperature of the atmosphere in its lower layers with increasing altitude z and gives a physically correct asymptotics for the pressure (and for concentration) of the gas as z -> oo, namely, the pressure (and concentration) of gas tends to zero faster than exponentially as z -> oo, which ensures the localization of a finite amount of gas near the Earth.

Reduction of geometric leveling results to a system of normal heights using the global gravity models of the Earth

2018 ◽  
Vol 935 (5) ◽  
pp. 2-9
Author(s):  
K.I. Markovich
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Mean Error ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Gravity ◽  
Normal Heights ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Acceleration Of Gravity ◽  
Gravity Acceleration ◽  
Global Gravity Models

The possible range of application of models of the Earth’s gravitational field is considered in the article by reducing the results of geometric leveling to a system of normal heights. The accuracy of the global gravity models EGM2008, EIGEN-6C4, GECO on the gravity acceleration differences calculated for the territory of the Republic of Belarus by the results of instrumental gravimetric measurements and obtained from gravity models was estimated. Areas of Belarus are determined for which the gravitational correction for the transition to the system of normal heights will be caused by the deviation of the level surfaces of the normal gravitational field from the actual, and not by the errors of the gravitational models in the form of acceleration of gravity. It is shown that the error of the gravitational correction obtained from the data of gravity models for the territory of Belarus is many times less than the permissible random mean error of geometric leveling of the first class.

scholarly journals I. Some measurements of atmospheric turbulence

1921 ◽  
Vol 221 (582-593) ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Atmospheric Turbulence ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Potential Temperature ◽  
Eddy Diffusivity ◽  
Atmospheric Density ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Acceleration Of Gravity

The following notation is used throughout. The co-ordinate axes are a right-handed rectangular system x, y, h , in which 0 h is directed vertically upwards, and 0 x lies in any azimuth which happens to be convenient. Elements of distance to east and to north are denoted by de, dn , so that they are special cases of, dx, dy . The atmospheric density is ρ, the pressure is p , acceleration of gravity is g , latitude ϕ is reckoned negative in the southern hemisphere, and ω is the angular velocity of the earth. Velocities are denoted by v with a suffix to indicate the direction towards which they blow. Momenta per unit volume are denoted by m x , m Y , m H . The eddy-diffusivity is denoted by a capital K as in G. I. Taylor’s recent papers. Another, and in the author’s opinion a better, measure of turbulence is ξ discussed in a previous paper. The relation K to ξ is given by ∂/∂p(ξ ∂χ/∂p) ═ ∂χ/∂t ═ ∂ 2 x/∂h 2 ........(1) where χ is either potential temperature, or else mass of water or smoke per mass of atmosphere. If ρ and ξ were independent of height, then from (l) we should have ξ ═ g 2 ρ 3 K.............(2) It is suggested that ξ might be named “the turbulivity.” Its dimensions are: (mass) 2 x (length) -2 x (time) -5 .

NOTE ON THE VARIATION FROM EQUATOR TO POLE OF THE EARTH’S GRAVITY

Geophysics ◽  
1943 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Sigmund Hammer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Factors ◽  
Shape Effect ◽  
Centripetal Acceleration ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Acceleration Of Gravity ◽  
Air Effect ◽  
Normal Acceleration

The various physical factors constituting the increase in the normal acceleration of gravity of the earth from equator to pole are analyzed mathematically. The magnitudes of the essential factors are (1) centripetal acceleration +3.39 gals, (2) decrease in distance from the center of the earth—the so‐called “Free Air” effect +6.63 gals, and (3) mass‐shape effect due to polar flattening −4.85 gals.

Theory of the hinged seismometer with support in general motion*

1952 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-261
Author(s):  
Perry Byerly
Keyword(s):  
Angular Displacement ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Simple Pendulum ◽  
Axis Of Rotation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Acceleration Of Gravity ◽  
General Motion

Summary of Conditions We may summarize the conditions under which we are justified in neglecting rotations or tilts of the earth and accelerations in directions other than that in the direction of freedom of the pendulum at rest. Note that we have first restricted ourselves to hinged pendulums with motion constrained in a plane and have required the angular displacement to be small. Here, T 0 is the free period of the pendulum. L the distance from the axis of rotation to the center of oscillation (the equivalent simple pendulum length). a that to the center of mass. g is the acceleration of gravity. T is the period of simple harmonic earth waves. Λ is their wave length. V is their apparent surface speed. A is their amplitude. (I) g T 0 2 2 π L < < Λ A (II) T 0 2 L < < T 2 A (III) 2 π T 0 < < T Λ A (IVa) g 2 π < < Λ T 2 = V T (IVb) g < < Λ 2 A T 2 = V 2 A (V) 2 π L < < Λ (VI) 4 π 2 a < < Λ 2 A

Acceleration of gravity for the earth model as an ellipsoidal mass with nonuniform density

1996 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Z. Maialle ◽  
Oscar Hipólito
Keyword(s):  
Earth Model ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Acceleration Of Gravity

The motion of a lunar orbiter

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Y. Kozai
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Artificial Satellite ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Triaxial Ellipsoid ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Secular Motion ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Close Satellite ◽  
The Mean

The motion of an artificial satellite around the Moon is much more complicated than that around the Earth, since the shape of the Moon is a triaxial ellipsoid and the effect of the Earth on the motion is very important even for a very close satellite.The differential equations of motion of the satellite are written in canonical form of three degrees of freedom with time depending Hamiltonian. By eliminating short-periodic terms depending on the mean longitude of the satellite and by assuming that the Earth is moving on the lunar equator, however, the equations are reduced to those of two degrees of freedom with an energy integral.Since the mean motion of the Earth around the Moon is more rapid than the secular motion of the argument of pericentre of the satellite by a factor of one order, the terms depending on the longitude of the Earth can be eliminated, and the degree of freedom is reduced to one.Then the motion can be discussed by drawing equi-energy curves in two-dimensional space. According to these figures satellites with high inclination have large possibilities of falling down to the lunar surface even if the initial eccentricities are very small.The principal properties of the motion are not changed even if plausible values ofJ3andJ4of the Moon are included.This paper has been published in Publ. astr. Soc.Japan15, 301, 1963.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

The Origin of the Moon

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Ruskol
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

The difference between average densities of the Moon and Earth was interpreted in the preceding report by Professor H. Urey as indicating a difference in their chemical composition. Therefore, Urey assumes the Moon's formation to have taken place far away from the Earth, under conditions differing substantially from the conditions of Earth's formation. In such a case, the Earth should have captured the Moon. As is admitted by Professor Urey himself, such a capture is a very improbable event. In addition, an assumption that the “lunar” dimensions were representative of protoplanetary bodies in the entire solar system encounters great difficulties.

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