Monte Carlo Investigation of the Depth-dose Profile of Proton Beams and Carbon Ions in Water, Skeletal Muscle, Adipose Tissue, and Cortical Bone for Hadron Therapy Applications

Introduction: Radiation therapy using electron beams is a promising method due to its physical dose distribution. Monte Carlo (MC) code is the best and most accurate technique for forespeaking the distribution of dose in radiation treatment of patients.Materials and Methods: We report an MC simulation of a linac head and depth dose on central axis, along with profile calculations. The purpose of the present research is to carefully analyze the application of MC methods for the calculation of dosimetric parameters for electron beams with energies of 8–14 MeV at a Siemens Primus linac. The principal components of the linac head were simulated using MCNPX code for different applicators. Results: The consequences of measurements and simulations revealed a good agreement. Gamma index values were below 1 for most points, for all energy values and all applicators in percent depth dose and dose profile computations. A number of states exhibited rather large gamma indices; these points were located at the tail of the percent depth dose graph; these points were less used in in radiotherapy. In the dose profile graph, gamma indices of most parts were below 1. The discrepancies between the simulation results and measurements in terms of Zmax, R90, R80 and R50 were insignificant. The results of Monte Carlo simulations showed a good agreement with the measurements. Conclusion: The software can be used for simulating electron modes of a Siemens Primus linac when direct experimental measurements are not feasible.

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Grid Monte Carlo Simulation of a Medical Linear Accelerator

European Journal of Engineering Research and Science ◽

10.24018/ejers.2018.3.12.1001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (12) ◽

pp. 40-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Didi Samir ◽

Mustapha Zerfaoui ◽

Abdelilah Moussa ◽

Yassine Benkhouya ◽

Mehdi El Ouartiti

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Linear Accelerator ◽

Field Size ◽

Dose Profile ◽

Depth Dose ◽

Grid Simulation ◽

Medical Linear Accelerator ◽

Measured Dose ◽

Better Than ◽

Good Agreement

A full grid simulation of the head of an Elekta Synergy Platform medical linear accelerator is performed using the Geant4 Monte Carlo platform. The simulation includes all components of the accelerator head and a homogeneous water phantom. Results in terms of depth doses and lateral dose profiles are presented for 6 MV photon beam with the 10x10 cm2 reference field size at 100 cm distance from the source. Overall, a good agreement with the measured dose data is achieved with a precision better than 0.93% and 2.63% for the depth dose profile and lateral dose profiles respectively.

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Synchrotron FTIR Microspectroscopy Investigations on Biochemical Changes Occurring in Human Cells Exposed to Proton Beams

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app12010336 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 336

Author(s):

Ines Delfino ◽

Valerio Ricciardi ◽

Maria Lepore

Keyword(s):

Radiation Effects ◽

Human Cells ◽

Biochemical Changes ◽

Carbon Ions ◽

Cancer Treatments ◽

Heavy Particles ◽

Proton Beams ◽

Hadron Therapy ◽

Particle Irradiation ◽

Cell Components

Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy using a synchrotron radiation source (SR-μFTIR) has great potential in the study of the ionizing radiation effects of human cells by analyzing the biochemical changes occurring in cell components. SR-μFTIR spectroscopy has been usefully employed in recent years in some seminal work devoted to shedding light on processes occurring in cells treated by hadron therapy, that is, radiotherapy with charged heavy particles (mainly protons and carbon ions), which is gaining popularity as a cancer treatment modality. These studies are particularly useful for increasing the effectiveness of radiotherapy cancer treatments with charged particles that can offer significant progress in the treatment of deep-seated and/or radioresistant tumors. In this paper, we present a concise revision of these studies together with the basic principles of μFTIR spectroscopy and a brief presentation of the main characteristics of infrared SR sources. From the analysis of the literature regarding the SR-μFTIR spectroscopy investigation on human cells exposed to proton beams, it is clearly shown that changes in DNA, protein, and lipid cell components are evident. In addition, this review points out that the potential offered by SR-μFTIR in investigating the effects induced by charged particle irradiation have not been completely explored. This is a crucial point for the continued improvement of hadron therapy strategies.

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SU-GG-J-05: Monte Carlo Investigation and Measurements of Distal Edge Degradation in Lung Phantoms with Therapeutic Proton Beams

Medical Physics ◽

10.1118/1.3468228 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 37 (6Part9) ◽

pp. 3145-3145

Author(s):

L Perles ◽

G Sawakuchi ◽

D Mirkovic ◽

R Mohan ◽

U Titt

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Proton Beams ◽

Distal Edge ◽

Monte Carlo Investigation

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Bragg peak characteristics of proton beams within therapeutic energy range and the comparison of stopping power using the GATE Monte Carlo simulation and the NIST data

Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice ◽

10.1017/s1460396919000554 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 173-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shiva Zarifi ◽

Hadi Taleshi Ahangari ◽

Sayyed Bijan Jia ◽

Mohammad Ali Tajik-Mansoury ◽

Milad Najafzadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Energy Range ◽

Bragg Peak ◽

Stopping Power ◽

Reference Database ◽

Monte Carlo Code ◽

Proton Beams ◽

Depth Dose ◽

Entrance Dose ◽

Study Results

AbstractPurpose:To examine detail depth dose characteristics of ideal proton beams using the GATE Monte Carlo technique.Methods:In this study, in order to improve simulation efficiency, we used pencil beam geometry instead of parallel broad-field geometry. Depth dose distributions for beam energies from 5 to 250 MeV in a water phantom were obtained. This study used parameters named Rpeak, R90, R80, R73, R50, full width at half maximum (FWHM), width of 80–20% distal fall-off (W(80–20)) and peak-to-entrance ratio to represent Bragg peak characteristics. The obtained energy–range relationships were fitted into third-order polynomial formulae. The present study also used the GATE Monte Carlo code to calculate the stopping power of proton pencil beams in a water cubic phantom and compared results with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard reference database.Results:The study results revealed deeper penetration, broader FWHM and distal fall-off and decreased peak-to-entrance dose ratio with increasing beam energy. Study results for monoenergetic proton beams showed that R73 can be a good indicator to characterise a range of incident beams. These also suggest FWHM is more sensitive than W(80–20) distal fall-off in finding initial energy spread. Furthermore, the difference between the obtained stopping power from simulation and NIST data almost in all energies was lower than 1%.Conclusion:Detail depth dose characteristics for monoenergetic proton beams within therapeutic energy ranges were reported. These results can serve as a good reference for clinical practitioners in their daily practice.

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Depth dose characteristics of proton beams within therapeutic energy range using the particle therapy simulation framework (PTSim) Monte Carlo technique

Biomedical Journal ◽

10.4103/2319-4170.167076 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 408 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chung-Chi Lee ◽

Siou-Yin Cai ◽

Tsi-Chain Chao ◽

Mei-Jyun Lin ◽

Chuan-Jung Tung

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Energy Range ◽

Monte Carlo Technique ◽

Particle Therapy ◽

Simulation Framework ◽

Proton Beams ◽

Depth Dose

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Dosimetric Algorithm to Reproduce Isodose Curves Obtained from a LINAC

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/849505 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Julio Cesar Estrada Espinosa ◽

Segundo Agustín Martínez Ovalle ◽

Cinthia Kotzian Pereira Benavides

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Absorbed Dose ◽

Numerical Data ◽

Radiation Beam ◽

Calculation Time ◽

Water Phantom ◽

Percentage Depth Dose ◽

Dose Profile ◽

Depth Dose ◽

Mcnpx Code

In this work isodose curves are obtained by the use of a new dosimetric algorithm using numerical data from percentage depth dose (PDD) and the maximum absorbed dose profile, calculated by Monte Carlo in a 18 MV LINAC. The software allows reproducing the absorbed dose percentage in the whole irradiated volume quickly and with a good approximation. To validate results an 18 MV LINAC with a whole geometry and a water phantom were constructed. On this construction, the distinct simulations were processed by the MCNPX code and then obtained the PDD and profiles for the whole depths of the radiation beam. The results data were used by the code to produce the dose percentages in any point of the irradiated volume. The absorbed dose for any voxel’s size was also reproduced at any point of the irradiated volume, even when the voxels are considered to be of a pixel’s size. The dosimetric algorithm is able to reproduce the absorbed dose induced by a radiation beam over a water phantom, considering PDD and profiles, whose maximum percent value is in the build-up region. Calculation time for the algorithm is only a few seconds, compared with the days taken when it is carried out by Monte Carlo.

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