The effect of 6 hours stirring time on natural iron sand base on magnetics Fe3O4 nanoparticle by sonification

2021 ◽  
Vol 1943 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
A A Wibowo ◽  
H Sutanto ◽  
P Priyono ◽  
A N Syahida ◽  
F D D Irianti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticle ◽  
Natural Iron ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Sand Base

Application of Plakett-Burman Screening Design in Optimization of Process Parameters for Formulation of Canaglifozin Nanosuspension

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 5208-5216
Author(s):  
Nisha Patel ◽  
Hitesh A Patel
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Pareto Chart ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Screening Design ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Response Variables

In this study, we sought to improve the dissolution characteristics of a poorly water-soluble BCS class IV drug canaglifozin, by preparing nanosuspension using media milling method. A Plackett–Burman screening design was employed to screen the significant formulation and process variables. A total of 12 experiment were generated by design expert trial version 12 for screening 5 independent variables namely the amount of stabilizer in mg (X1), stirring time in hr (X2), amt of Zirconium oxide beads in gm (X3), amount of drug in mg (X4) and stirring speed in rpm (X5) while mean particle size in nm (Y1) and drug release in 10 min. were selected as the response variables. All the regression models yielded a good fit with high determination coefficient and F value. The Pareto chart depicted that all the independent variables except the amount of canaglifozin had a significant effect (p<0.001) on the response variables. The mathematical model for mean particle size generated from the regression analysis was given by mean particle size = +636.48889 -1.28267 amt of stabilizer(X1) -4.20417 stirring time (X2) -7.58333 amt of ZrO2 beads(X3) -0.105556 amt of drug(X4) -0.245167 stirring speed(X5) (R2=0.9484, F ratio=22.07, p<0.001). Prepared canaglifozin nanosuspension exemplified a significant improvement (p<0.05) in the release as compared to pure canaglifozin and marketed tablet with the optimum formulation releasing almost 80% drug within first 10min. Optimized nanosuspension showed spherical shape with surface oriented stabilizer molecules and a mean particle diameter of 120.5 nm. There was no change in crystalline nature after formulation and it was found to be chemically stable with high drug content.

Fabrication, Optimization and Characterization of Paclitaxel and Spirulina Loaded Nanoparticles for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-733
Author(s):  
Keerthi G.S. Nair ◽  
Yamuna Ravikumar ◽  
Sathesh Kumar Sukumaran ◽  
Ramaiyan Velmurugan
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Oral Bioavailability ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Central Composite Rotatable Design ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Nanoparticle Formulation ◽  
Central Composite

Background: Paclitaxel and spirulina when administered as nanoparticles, are potentially useful. Methods: Nanoformualtions of Paclitaxel and Spirulina for gastric cancer were formulated and optimized with Central composite rotatable design (CCRD) using Response surface methodology (RSM). Results: The significant findings were the optimal formulation of polymer concentration 48 mg, surfactant concentration 45% and stirring time of 60 min gave rise to the EE of (98.12 ± 1.3)%, DL of (15.61 ± 1.9)%, mean diameter of (198 ± 4.7) nm. The release of paclitaxel and spirulina from the nanoparticle matrix at pH 6.2 was almost 45% and 80% in 5 h and 120 h, respectively. The oral bioavailability for the paclitaxel spirulina nanoparticles developed is 24.0% at 10 mg/kg paclitaxel dose, which is 10 times of that for oral pure paclitaxel. The results suggest that RSM-CCRD could efficiently be applied for the modeling of nanoparticles. The paclitaxel and spirulina release rate in the tumor cells may be higher than in normal cells. Paclitaxel spirulina nanoparticle formulation may have higher bioavailability and longer sustainable therapeutic time as compared with pure paclitaxel. Conclusion: Paclitaxel-Spirulina co-loaded nanoparticles could be effectively useful in gastric cancer as chemotherapeutic formulation.

Transformation of Structure, Magnetic Properties and Microwave Absorption Capability in Nd-Doped Strontium Hexaferrite

2020 ◽  
Vol 855 ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Mukhtar Effendi ◽  
Efi Solihah ◽  
Candra Kurniawan ◽  
Wahyu Tri Cahyanto ◽  
Wahyu Widanarto
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Microwave Absorption ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Strontium Hexaferrite ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Tetragonal Crystal ◽  
Capability Analysis ◽  
Natural Iron

The synthesize of Nd3+-strontium hexaferrite magnetic material by the solid-state reaction method has been successfully carried out. This study aims to determine the effect of Nd3+ on the structure, magnetic properties, and microwave absorption capability of the material. Preparation of (1-x)SrO:xNd2O3:6Fe2O3 where x = 0, 10, 20, and 30 mol% using basic material in the form of SrCO3 powder, Nd2O3 powder and Fe3O4 from natural iron sand. The characterization includes the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) examination to determine the crystal structure, the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for exploring the surface morphology, Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) for the magnetic properties investigation of material, and Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) for microwave absorption capability analysis. The XRD results show that the addition of Nd3+ doping increases the number of SrNdFeO4 phases. The phase has a tetragonal crystal system that has cell parameters a = b = 3.846 Å, and c = 12.594 Å. The magnetic properties of the material showed that the addition of Nd3+ decreased the saturation and remanence magnetization values, whereas the value of the coercivity field increased. Meanwhile, the best microwave absorption occurs in samples with the addition of Nd3+ as much as 0.3 mol, which results in a reflection loss value of -18.9 dB with a frequency bandwidth of 3.9 GHz.

scholarly journals Characterization and Reconstitution of Human Lipoyl Synthase (LIAS) Supports ISCA2 and ISCU as Primary Cluster Donors and an Ordered Mechanism of Cluster Assembly

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1598
Author(s):  
Amber L. Hendricks ◽  
Christine Wachnowsky ◽  
Brian Fries ◽  
Insiya Fidai ◽  
James A. Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Assembly ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Iron Sulfur Cluster ◽  
Sulfur Transfer ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Iron Sulfur ◽  
Natural Iron ◽  
Lipoyl Synthase

Lipoyl synthase (LIAS) is an iron–sulfur cluster protein and a member of the radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) superfamily that catalyzes the final step of lipoic acid biosynthesis. The enzyme contains two [4Fe–4S] centers (reducing and auxiliary clusters) that promote radical formation and sulfur transfer, respectively. Most information concerning LIAS and its mechanism has been determined from prokaryotic enzymes. Herein, we detail the expression, isolation, and characterization of human LIAS, its reactivity, and evaluation of natural iron–sulfur (Fe–S) cluster reconstitution mechanisms. Cluster donation by a number of possible cluster donor proteins and heterodimeric complexes has been evaluated. [2Fe–2S]-cluster-bound forms of human ISCU and ISCA2 were found capable of reconstituting human LIAS, such that complete product turnover was enabled for LIAS, as monitored via a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) assay. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies of native LIAS and substituted derivatives that lacked the ability to bind one or the other of LIAS’s two [4Fe–4S] clusters revealed a likely order of cluster addition, with the auxiliary cluster preceding the reducing [4Fe–4S] center. These results detail the trafficking of Fe–S clusters in human cells and highlight differences with respect to bacterial LIAS analogs. Likely in vivo Fe–S cluster donors to LIAS are identified, with possible connections to human disease states, and a mechanistic ordering of [4Fe–4S] cluster reconstitution is evident.

Recent advances in synthesis of organometallic complexes of indium

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-151
Author(s):  
Hira Anwar ◽  
Rosenani A. Haque ◽  
Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Heterocyclic Carbenes ◽  
Organometallic Complexes ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Indium Complexes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Different Temperatures

AbstractThe indium complexes are being used in many applications like catalysis, optoelectronics, sensors, solar cells, biochemistry, medicine, infrared (IR) mirrors and thin-film transistors (TFTs). In organometallic complexes of indium, it forms different types of complexes with single, double, triple and tetra linkages by coordinating with numerous elements like C, N, O and S and also with some other elements like Se and Ru. So, the present study comprises all the possible ways to synthesize the indium complexes by reacting with different organic ligands; most of them are N-heterocyclic carbenes, amines, amides and phenols. The commonly used solvents for these syntheses are tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, toluene, benzene, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water. According to the nature of the ligands, indium complexes were reported at different temperatures and stirring time. Because of their unique characteristics, the organometallic chemistry of group 13 metal indium complexes remains a subject of continuing interest in synthetic chemistry as well as material science.

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