scholarly journals Combining thermal insulation and mobile communication in buildings: influence of laser-treated glazing on microwave propagation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012181
Author(s):  
Jeremy Fleury ◽  
Luc Burnier ◽  
Héloïse Delaporte ◽  
Andreas Schüler
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Transmission Loss ◽  
Silver Coating ◽  
Contour Plot ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Microwave Propagation ◽  
Building Sector

Abstract With the purpose of reducing the heating energy in buildings, it is common practice to install energy-efficient windows to increase the thermal insulation of a façade. These insulating glass units (IGIJ) include a thin silver coating acting as an infrared mirror which reduces the thermal losses that occur through radiation, but at the same time reflects the microwaves for mobile communication. To address this drawback, a specific laser treatment is performed on the silver coating which strongly improves the transmission of microwaves through the window. In this study, the attenuation of microwaves signal was analyzed inside the SolAce unit in the "NEST" research building at the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) in Dübendorf. Two configurations (with and without laser-treated glazing) were carried out by interchanging two hinged windows. The results showed a significant improvement in signal strength in the configuration with laser-treated IGUs. A transmission loss contour plot of the SolAce unit showed a highly directional propagation of the wave which suggests that more than two windows should be treated to achieve better mobile communication in the entire unit. The novel patterned coating is thus especially valuable in the building sector to increase the microwave signal for mobile communication. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first implementation and testing of laser-treated coating for energy-efficient glazing in the building sector.

Embedding metal foam into metal–organic framework monoliths for triggering a highly efficient release of adsorbed atmospheric water by localized eddy current heating

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingle Tao ◽  
Qiangqiang Li ◽  
Qiannan Wu ◽  
Haiqing Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Metal Foam ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Eddy Current Heating

Localized eddy current heating delivered by metal foam embedded in a MOF monolith provides a novel, low-cost, and energy efficient way to overcome the thermal insulation nature of MOF monoliths and realize their highly efficient regenerations.

scholarly journals The Energy-Efficient Processing of Fine Materials by the Micropyretic Synthesis Route

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Efficient Processing ◽  
The One ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Diffusion Controlled Reaction

Energy-efficient processing of TiB compound with nanowhiskers by micropyretic synthesis is investigated in this paper. Micropyretic synthesis not only offers shorter processing time but also excludes the requirement for high-temperature sintering and it is considered as the one of the novel energy-saving processing techniques. Experimental study and numerical simulation are both carried out to investigate the correlation of the processing parameters on the microstructures of the micropyretically synthesized products. The diffusion-controlled reaction mechanism is proposed in this study. It is noted that nanosize TiB whiskers only occurred when the combustion temperature is lower than the melting point of TiB but higher than the extinguished temperature. The results generated in the numerical calculation can be used as a helpful reference to select the proper route of processing nanosize materials. The Arrhenius-type plot of size and temperature is used to calculate the activation energy of TiB reaction. In addition to verifying the accuracy of the experimental measures, the reaction temperature for producing the micropyretically synthesized products with nanofeatures can be predicted.

Energy consultants calculating sustainability for residential buildings

Facilities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (11/12) ◽  
pp. 825-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Andre Søraa ◽  
Håkon Fyhn ◽  
Jøran Solli
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the role of a particular energy calculator in enhancing the energy efficiency of existing homes by asking how this calculator was developed and how it is domesticated by craftspeople working as energy consultants.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on qualitative interviews with users and producers of the energy calculator (n= 22), as well as participation in energy consultation training.FindingsThe paper finds that, in the energy calculator, there is a striking lack of connection between the domestication and script because of lack of energy consultants’ involvement in the design and implementation process.Practical implicationsThe enrolment of energy consultants as energy calculator users earlier in and throughout the design process could be valuable in making the transition to an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly building sector.Social implicationsThe paper argues for recognition of the role of energy consultants, especially craftspeople, as participants in the design process for tools of governance. This is a call to acknowledge the value of particular skills and experiences possessed by craftspeople doing home consultation.Originality/valueBy understanding the intricate developer–user synchronicity in tools developed for upgrading the building sector, energy mitigation can be made more effective.

scholarly journals AERATED CONCRETE MICROWAVE REFLECTION AND TRANSMISSION PROPERTIES IN A WET ENVIRONMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Tarmo Koppel ◽  
Inese Vilcane ◽  
Viktor Mironov ◽  
Andrei Shiskin ◽  
Sanita Rubene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Transmission Loss ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Microwave Propagation ◽  
Reflection And Transmission ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Base Station Antennas ◽  
Mobile Phone Base Station ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
Wetting Process

Excess water content within the building material could greatly alter the interaction of the microwave with the material. In this study aerated concrete (AEROC) block walls (60x60cm) were investigated for their microwave (2.4 GHz) properties under wetting conditions. The spray wetting of the wall was conducted to simulate the environmental processes such as raining or water damage. 50ml/m² water dosage was applied on the surface of the concrete 21 times in 1 min intervals. The results show a noticeable decrease in microwave penetration power through the material after the sample gets enriched with water. As the water content on the surface of the material rises, so does the transmission loss. During the different water content of the aerated concrete, the reflection loss varied from -15.04 dB (dry wall) to -5.03 dB (wet wall’s surface). The transmission loss continues to rise during the entire length of the experiment, from -4.5 dB as a dry sample to -8.3 dB after 441 ml (1035 ml/m² during 23 min) of sprayed water. The variation of reflected microwave power was approximately ten times, which is quite a significant indicator of alteration of microwave propagation. The results demonstrate wetting process as an considerable factor in assessing microwave propagation in near the sources, such as mobile phone base station antennas, industrial microwave heaters and ovens etc.

A review on mmWave based energy efficient RoF system for next generation mobile communication and broadband systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Sharma ◽  
Shelly Singla ◽  
Varun Gupta ◽  
Abhishek Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Efficient System

Abstract In today’s scenario, wireless communication is turning into a decisive and leading backbone to access the worldwide network. Therefore, the usage of mobile phones and broadband is rising staggeringly. To satisfy their expulsive needs, it demands increment in data rates while providing higher bandwidth and utilizing optical fiber in wireless communication, and this becomes a worldwide analysis area. Radio over fiber (RoF) system is taken into account as best solution to fulfill these needs. In RoF system, the radio frequency signal operated at millimeter wave (30–300 GHz) is centralized and processed at control station (CS) and also, the CS upconverts this electrical signal to optical domain. By employing optical fiber link, this signal reaches to base station (BS). Then, the received optical signal converts back to electrical domain at the respective BS. Now BS radiates the electrical signal to corresponding mobile station (MS) in commission with the millimeter wave frequency bands. This RoF system is providing massive bandwidth, facilitating large mobility for RF frequency signals, small loss, fast and cost effective setup, wonderful security, and unlicensed spectrum etc. The RoF system introduces microcells structure for BS cells to boost the frequency reuse and needed capacity. It has benefits in terms of ability to fulfill increasing bandwidth demands to cut back the power consumption and the dimensions of the handset devices. This paper firstly explains the overview of existing wireless mobile communication and broadband systems and then, targets the review of RoF system which will become energy efficient system for next generation mobile communication and future broadband systems. This paper also includes the performance degradation and evaluation parameters. Finally, this paper presents the various research opportunities for its implementation zone.

Thermal Insulation Of The Foundation Walls Of Buildings And Calculation Of Its Thickness

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Tulakov Elmurad Salomovich ◽  
◽  
Matyokubov Bobur Pulatovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Dew Point Temperature ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings ◽  
Basement Walls ◽  
External Barrier

If the surface temperature of any building material drops sharply without changing the humidity and the surface temperature is lower than the dew point temperature, dew-like water droplets are formed on the surface of this material. This condition is called condensing humidity condition. Condensation moisture formed on the surfaces of building materials and external barriers is slowly absorbed into the body of building materials over time, increasing the relative humidity of this structure. Condensation moisture can be observed when the temperature of the surfaces of external barrier structures drops sharply. This condition can be observed everywhere where the basement is connected to the outer walls of the basement. The article deals with the issue of thermal insulation and calculation of basement walls of modern energy-efficient buildings, which are widely used in the country and abroad.

Energy-Efficient Design of LTE Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Saurabh Dixit ◽  
Himanshu Katiyar ◽  
Arun Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cellular Network ◽  
Signal Propagation ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Data Usage ◽  
Backward Compatibility ◽  
Energy Efficient Design

There has been a paradigm shift in the field of mobile communication, with an overwhelming increase in data usage. As more and more users are migrating to smartphones, the amount of data being transmitted has increased. However, huge amounts of data and signal propagation are bound to be detrimental to the ecological balance. Long-term evolution (LTE), due to its flexibility and backward compatibility, has emerged as the network of choice for 4G and beyond. In this chapter, the significance of core technologies for LTE network is highlighted, along with the inherent advantage of reducing the energy consumption of cellular network. An energy-efficient design of LTE is proposed that blends the technologies proposed by 3GPP such as adaptive OFDMA with that of MU-MIMO.

scholarly journals Construction goes green: An interview with Kevin Surace of Serious Materials

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 958-959
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Materials Chemistry ◽  
National Semiconductor

Buildings are stealthy contributors to global climate change. The energy needed to heat, cool, and light buildings, as well as manufacture construction materials, contributes more than half of greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. But Kevin Surace, chair and CEO of Serious Materials, has made it his mission to tackle the built environment head-on. An electrical engineer by training, he has worked at IBM, Seiko-Epson, National Semiconductor, and General Magic. He later started the companies Air Communications and Perfect Commerce. In 2002, he began to develop sound-muffling polymers as a sideline, shifting his focus to materials chemistry. Sound-dampening materials now account for much of Serious Materials' business, but the company has received most of its accolades for its energy-efficient products. We caught up with Surace at Serious Materials' headquarters in Sunnyvale, Calif., to talk about how materials science can help make green buildings good business.

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