The safety of passenger transportation is not only to prevent accidents but also to ensure the conditions of health and efficiency of passengers and driver and the comfort of moving, which is guaranteed by the microclimate in the bus and the driver's workplace. One of the principal indicators of the microclimate is the air temperature in the cabin. The purpose of the work is to develop and substantiate the method of calculating the temperature of the bus interior.Unorganized air exchange due to body leaks (infiltration) influence on the thermal regime of the bus interior. Air exchange due to body leaks depends linearly on the speed of the bus. Heat loss through the structural elements of the body linearly depends on the outside air temperature.The calculation of the thermal state of the bus interior, in principle, is reduced to the estimation of the calorific value of the liquid heater, taking into account all heat losses in the cabin. The method of calculation developed on two indicators: experimentally defined coefficient of heat transfer of a body of the city bus and its inverse size, the calculated value of thermal resistance of unit of the area of salon of the bus. The thermal regime of the interior of a city bus in the conditions of winter operation is significantly influenced by heat exchange through the openings of open doors at short-term service stops. As for long-distance coaches, open the passenger door is much less. Therefore at the operation of buses of the specified class, it is necessary to give in salon-fresh air which needs to be heated.Since there are statistics on heat transfer of the body of city buses, the temperature of their cabins proposes to be calculated by the heat transfer coefficient of the bus body.In this method, the calculation depends on the heat transfer coefficient of the body. The supply and heating of air for ventilation are not taken into account, as the passenger door carries out air exchange in the cabin during bus stops.As calculations have shown, heat losses primarily depend on the temperature difference between the outside air and in the cabin. However, statistics on heat transfer of intercity (tourist) bus bodies are not currently available in the available publications. The temperature condition of intercity buses must correspond to the following calculations, inverse to the heat transfer coefficient of the body - thermal resistance per unit area of the bus.The method of calculating the temperature of the bus interior is substantiated. For city buses should be based on the calculation of heat transfer coefficients body. The temperature condition of intercity buses must be calculated from the thermal resistance per unit area of the bus interior. We proved that heat losses in the cabin of intercity buses, compared to city buses, are much lower due to the absence of heat losses at service stops at the exit and entry of passengers, which account for more than half of all heat losses. To reduce heat loss, the use of double-glazed windows instead of single panes has a particularly significant effect.
Designing a 24-hour perturbation method for the estimation of a building heat transfer coefficient
