Photoacoustic spectroscopy allows to make correlations between blood p450 cytochrome and glycemia in type 1 experimental diabetes

Abstract Diabetes is the eight-cause death worldwide. The cause of death of patients with diabetes is mostly the long-term complications, that are not easy to detect opportunely. In previous studies, we applied photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), a non-destructive technique, to detect several components of blood. The goal of the study was to apply the phase-resolved method (PRM), on blood optical absorption spectra obtained by PAS, to analyse blood components in experimental type 1 diabetes. Diabetes was produced in male Wistar rats through the administrations of streptozotocin (STZ). Venous blood samples were obtained one, two, four and eight weeks after STZ. PRM applied to spectra allowed to detect p450 cytochrome. There was a significant and positive correlation between glycaemia and p450 cytochrome (p=0.001). Since p450 cytochrome participates in detoxification function, results indicate that glycaemia could affect detoxification. It will be important in future studies to study the implications of those results on the development of diabetes complications. The novelty of the study was to use PAS to find out if there was any correlation between spectroscopy variables and glycaemia. It is concluded that PRM applied to PAS is a suitable technology to study p450 cytochrome in diabetes.

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Photoacoustic Spectroscopy and Hyperglycemia in Experimental Type 1 Diabetes

Applied Spectroscopy ◽

10.1177/00037028211047257 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 000370282110472

Author(s):

Lilia I. Olvera Cano ◽

Guadalupe C. Villanueva Lopez ◽

Evelyn Romero Mateos ◽

Alfredo Cruz Orea

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Optical Absorption ◽

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽

Time Course ◽

Diabetes Complications ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

World Health ◽

Male Wistar Rats

According to the World Health Organization, diabetes was the seventh leading cause of death in 2016. Long-term diabetes complications are associated with hyperglycemia. It is difficult to predict the beginning and evolution of those complications. The goal of the study was to evaluate the relationship between glycemia and blood spectroscopic variables in an experimental model of type 1 diabetes (streptozotocin model). Blood samples were taken weekly (10 weeks) from the tail of male Wistar rats with or without diabetes. Blood optical absorption spectra were obtained by means of photoacoustic spectroscopy. It was possible to estimate the time-course of blood characteristic peak ratios. The area under the curve of those peaks correlated with hyperglycemia. The evolution of the optical absorption at 450 nm, related to cytochrome p450, was obtained by using the phase-resolved method. The area under the curve of p450 correlated also with hyperglycemia. It is concluded that photoacoustic spectroscopy is a reliable technology to detect the effects of hyperglycemia on blood with possible applications in the study of long-term diabetes complications.

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A Review of Pramlintide in the Management of Diabetes

Clinical Medicine Therapeutics ◽

10.4137/cmt.s2369 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. CMT.S2369

Author(s):

Caroline Messer ◽

Dina Green

Keyword(s):

Microvascular Complications ◽

Effective Means ◽

Postprandial Glucose ◽

Tight Glycemic Control ◽

Minimal Risk ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Insulin Dependent

Tight glycemic control in type 1 and type 2 diabetes reduces the risk for microvascular complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Yet, despite intensive insulin regimens, many insulin-dependent patients are unable to achieve euglycemic states. This review will focus on pramlintide, an equipotent amylin analog, and its role in the management of diabetes. Pramlintide lowers glucose through the same mechanisms as amylin: it slows gastric emptying, suppresses the postprandial rise of glucagon in patients with diabetes, and promotes satiety. Long-term clinical trials have shown that the use of pramlintide as an adjunct to insulin minimizes postprandial glucose excursions and reduces both HbA1C and body weight when compared to placebo. Although its effects on HbA1C are modest, pramlintide has gained popularity as a result of its relatively few contraindications, limited side effects, minimal risk for hypoglycemia, and potential for weight loss. The combination of insulin and pramlintide may provide an effective means for patients with diabetes to meet their HbA1C goals.

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Overestimation of Risk and Increased Fear of Long-term Complications of Diabetes in People with Type 1 and 2 Diabetes

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/a-0977-2667 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 127 (10) ◽

pp. 645-652 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Florian Arend ◽

Ulrich A. Müller ◽

Andreas Schmitt ◽

Margarete Voigt ◽

Nadine Kuniss

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Complications ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Diabetes Type ◽

Complications Of Diabetes ◽

Personal Risk ◽

Disease Management Programmes

AbstrAct Objective The quality report of the disease management programmes of North Rhine Westphalia 2016 showed prevalences for long-term complications (neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy) of less than 30% for people with diabetes type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2). The aim of this study was to assess risk expectations and fear regarding long-term complications of diabetes in people with DM1 and DM2. Methods We assessed risk expectations and fear regarding diabetes complications in people with DM1 (n=110) and DM2 (n=143 without insulin, n=249 with insulin) visiting an University outpatient department of metabolic diseases. Fear of long-term complications was measured with the “Fear of Complications Questionnaire (FCQ)” (range 0–45 points, scores ≥30 suggest elevated fear). Participants were asked to estimate general and personal risks of long-term complications 10 years after developing diabetes in %. Results Elevated fear of complications (FCQ scores ≥30) was observed in 34.5, 25.9, and 43.0% of those with DM1, DM2 without insulin and DM2 with insulin, respectively. Participants estimated a mean general risk of diabetes-related complications after 10 years amounting to 45.9±15.8% (DM1), 49.7±15.4% (DM2 without insulin), and 52.5±16.4% (DM2 with insulin) and personal risk with 52.5±24.4% (DM1), 45.8±22.7% (DM2 without insulin), and 54.1±23.4% (DM2 with insulin), respectively. Higher risk expectations were associated with higher fear of complications (p<0.001). Conclusion Risk estimations regarding long-term complications were exaggerated in people with DM1 and DM2. About one third of the participants reported elevated fear of complications. Participants’ risk expectations and fear regarding diabetes complications appear excessive compared to population-based prevalence rates.

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PP205-MON IMPACT OF LONG-TERM DIET CHANGES ON PLASMA OMENTIN-1 LEVELS IN OBESE PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1

Clinical Nutrition Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1744-1161(12)70544-6 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 219

Author(s):

J. Lesna ◽

A. Tichá ◽

R. Hyšpler ◽

F. Musil ◽

V. Bláha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Patients With Diabetes

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Empowerment in the Treatment of Diabetes and Obesity

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2016/5671492 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Włodzimierz Łuczyński ◽

Barbara Głowińska-Olszewska ◽

Artur Bossowski

Keyword(s):

Standard Of Care ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Treatment Of Diabetes ◽

Based Medicine ◽

Diabetes And Obesity ◽

Positive Effect

As the available therapies for diabetes and obesity are not effective enough, diabetologists and educators search for new methods to collaborate with patients in order to support their health behaviors. The aim of this review is to discuss perspectives for the development of new empowerment-type therapies in the treatment of diabetes/obesity. Empowerment is a process whereby patients gain the necessary knowledge to influence their own behavior to improve the quality of their lives. It is carried out in five stages: (1) identify the problem, (2) explain the feelings and meanings, (3) build a plan, (4) act, and (5) experience and assess the execution. Although many years have passed since the advent and popularization of the concept of empowerment, the area remains controversial, mainly with regard to the methodology of therapy. Some previous studies have confirmed the positive effect of empowerment on body weight, metabolic control, and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes; however, few studies have been conducted in patients with type 1 diabetes. There is still a need to confirm the effectiveness of empowerment in accordance with Evidence Based Medicine by performing long-term observational studies in a large group of patients. In future, empowerment may become part of the standard of care for patients with diabetes and/or obesity.

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Left ventricular systolic dysfunction predicts long-term major microvascular complication outcomes in type 1 diabetes. The Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications (EDC) study of childhood onset diabetes

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications ◽

10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.12.004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 298-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jingchuan Guo ◽

Rachel G. Miller ◽

Tina Costacou ◽

William P. Follansbee ◽

Trevor J. Orchard

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Diabetes Complications ◽

Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction ◽

Systolic Dysfunction ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Microvascular Complication ◽

Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction ◽

Childhood Onset

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Fructosamine 3-Kinase and Glyoxalase I Polymorphisms and Their Association With Soluble RAGE and Adhesion Molecules in Diabetes

Physiological Research ◽

10.33549/physiolres.932790 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. S283-S291 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. ŠKRHA ◽

A. MURAVSKÁ ◽

M. FLEKAČ ◽

E. HOROVÁ ◽

J. NOVÁK ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adhesion Molecules ◽

Diabetes Complications ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Glyoxalase I ◽

Advanced Glycation ◽

Soluble Rage ◽

Glycation End Products ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Relationship Of

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are key players in pathogenesis of long-term vascular diabetes complications. Several enzymes such as fructosamine 3-kinase (FN3K) and glyoxalase I (GLO I) are crucial in preventing glycation processes. The aim of our study was to evaluate an association of FN3K (rs1056534, rs3848403) and GLO1 rs4746 polymorphisms with parameters of endothelial dysfunction and soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE) in 595 diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Genotypic and allelic frequencies of mentioned polymorphisms did not differ between subgroups. In diabetic patients significant differences were observed in sRAGE concentrations according to their rs1056534 and rs3848403 genotype. While GG and CG genotypes of rs1056534 with mutated G allele were associated with significant decrease of sRAGE (GG: 1055±458 and CG: 983±363 vs. CC: 1796±987 ng/l, p<0.0001), in rs3848403 polymorphism TT genotype with mutated T allele was related with significant sRAGE increase (TT: 1365±852 vs. CT: 1016±401 and CC: 1087±508 ng/l, p=0.05). Significant differences in adhesion molecules were observed in genotype subgroups of GLO1 rs4746 polymorphism. In conclusion, this is the first study describing significant relationship of FN3K (rs1056534) and (rs3848403) polymorphisms with concentration of sRAGE in patients with diabetes.

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Effects of Cholecalciferol on Key Components of Vitamin D-Endo/Para/Autocrine System in Experimental Type 1 Diabetes

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2018/2494016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anna Mazanova ◽

Ihor Shymanskyi ◽

Olha Lisakovska ◽

Lala Hajiyeva ◽

Yulia Komisarenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Experimental Type ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Objectives.Recent prospective studies have found the associations between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and vitamin D deficiency. We investigated the role of vitamin D in the regulation of 25OHD-1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) and VDR expression in different tissues of T1D rats.Design.T1D was induced in male Wistar rats by streptozotocin (55 mg/k b.w.). After 2 weeks of T1D, the animals were treated orally with or without vitamin D3(cholecalciferol; 100 IU/rat, 30 days).Methods.Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was detected by ELISA. CYP27A1, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, and VDR were assayed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting or visualized by immunofluorescence staining.Results.We demonstrated that T1D led to a decrease in blood 25OHD, which is probably due to the established downregulation of CYP27A1 and CYP2R1 expression. Vitamin D deficiency was accompanied by elevated synthesis of renal CYP27B1 and VDR. Conversely, CYP27B1 and VDR expression decreased in the liver, bone tissue, and bone marrow. Cholecalciferol administration countered the impairments of the vitamin D-endo/para/autocrine system in the kidneys and extrarenal tissues of diabetic rats.Conclusions.T1D-induced vitamin D deficiency is associated with impairments of renal and extrarenal CYP27B1 and VDR expression. Cholecalciferol can be effective in the amelioration of diabetes-associated abnormalities in the vitamin D-endo/para/autocrine system.

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