scholarly journals Detection of oscillatory solutions in a vacuum diode with total electron reflection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2103 (1) ◽  
pp. 012205
Author(s):  
V I Kuznetsov ◽  
IK Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Vacuum Diode ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
Electrode Gap ◽  
Oscillatory Solutions ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Electron Reflection ◽  
Instability Development ◽  
Non Linear

Abstract Stability features of steady-state solutions for a vacuum diode with complete deceleration of electron beam is studied. A boundary line on the (inter-electrode gap, external voltage)-plane separating stable solutions from unstable ones is built up. An instability development is shown to end in a state with non-linear oscillations of the electric field but with no virtual cathode in a plasma. Existence of non-linear oscillations of the electric field in a vacuum diode with total reflection of an electron beam points out that such a diode can be a basis to create microwave generator.

scholarly journals Вольт-амперные характеристики начальной стадии дугового разряда в высоковольтном вакуумном диоде

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
С.Г. Давыдов ◽  
А.Н. Долгов ◽  
А.В. Корнеев ◽  
Р.Х. Якубов
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Vacuum Diode ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Ion Acceleration ◽  
Plasma Cloud ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Instability Development

AbstractThe process of electron instability development and propagation of a cathode electron beam and anomalous ion beam, followed by outburst of current in the initial stage of arc discharge was observed in rarefied plasma cloud of high-voltage vacuum diode. These events are consistent with the model of anomalous ion acceleration in interelectrode plasma at the spark stage of vacuum arc discharge.

scholarly journals Double layers in the downward current region of the aurora

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Ergun ◽  
L. Andersson ◽  
C. W. Carlson ◽  
D. L. Newman ◽  
M. V. Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Phase Space ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Double Layers ◽  
Parallel Electric Field ◽  
Electrostatic Waves ◽  
Current Region ◽  
Decisive Evidence

Abstract. Direct observations of magnetic-field-aligned (parallel) electric fields in the downward current region of the aurora provide decisive evidence of naturally occurring double layers. We report measurements of parallel electric fields, electron fluxes and ion fluxes related to double layers that are responsible for particle acceleration. The observations suggest that parallel electric fields organize into a structure of three distinct, narrowly-confined regions along the magnetic field (B). In the "ramp" region, the measured parallel electric field forms a nearly-monotonic potential ramp that is localized to ~ 10 Debye lengths along B. The ramp is moving parallel to B at the ion acoustic speed (vs) and in the same direction as the accelerated electrons. On the high-potential side of the ramp, in the "beam" region, an unstable electron beam is seen for roughly another 10 Debye lengths along B. The electron beam is rapidly stabilized by intense electrostatic waves and nonlinear structures interpreted as electron phase-space holes. The "wave" region is physically separated from the ramp by the beam region. Numerical simulations reproduce a similar ramp structure, beam region, electrostatic turbulence region and plasma characteristics as seen in the observations. These results suggest that large double layers can account for the parallel electric field in the downward current region and that intense electrostatic turbulence rapidly stabilizes the accelerated electron distributions. These results also demonstrate that parallel electric fields are directly associated with the generation of large-amplitude electron phase-space holes and plasma waves.

scholarly journals Electric field distribution in the cathode sheath of an electron beam glow discharge

1987 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 409-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Lee ◽  
L.‐U. A. Andersen ◽  
J. J. Rocca ◽  
M. Marconi ◽  
N. D. Reesor
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Electric Field Distribution ◽  
Cathode Sheath

Deepening of domains at e-beam writing on the -Z surface of lithium niobate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Kokhanchik ◽  
Evgenii Emelin ◽  
Vadim Vladimirovch Sirotkin ◽  
Alexander Svintsov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Domain Walls ◽  
Normal Component ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Sign Inversion

Abstract The focus of the study was to investigate the peculiarities of the domains created by electron beam (e-beam) in a surface layer of congruent lithium niobate, which comparable to a depth of electron beam charge penetration. Direct e-beam writing (DEBW) of different domain structures with a scanning electron microscope was performed on the polar -Z cut. Accelerating voltage 15 kV and e-beam current 100 pA were applied. Different patterns of local irradiated squares were used to create domain structures and single domains. No domain contrast was observed by the PFM technique. Based on chemical etching, it was found that the vertices of the domains created do not reach the surface level. The average deepening of the domain vertices was several hundred nanometers and varied depending on the irradiation dose and the location of the irradiated areas (squares) relative to each other. Computer simulation was applied to analyze the spatial distribution of the electric field in the various irradiated patterns. The deepening was explained by the fact that in the near-surface layer there is a sign inversion of the normal component of the electric field strength vector, which controls the domain formation during DEBW. Thus, with the help of e-beam, domains were created completely located in the bulk, in contrast to the domains that are nucleated on the surface of the -Z cut during the polarization inversion with AFM tip. The detected deepening of e-beam domains suggests the possibility of creating the “head-to-head” domain walls in the near-surface layer lithium niobate by DEBW.

scholarly journals Electric field strength on water based aluminum alloys nanofluids flow up a non-linear inclined sheet

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
R. Kandasamy ◽  
Nur Atikah bt Adnan ◽  
Jaafar Abdul Abbas Abbood ◽  
Mohd Kamarulzaki ◽  
Mohd Saifullah
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Inclined Sheet
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