Tapered coated coreless optical fiber pollution sensor

Abstract This project is centered on the design and implementation of a pollution-sensitive optical fiber using a No core optical fiber. The sensors are used for estimating refractive indices and concentrations of various contaminated water (dirty pond water (contains mud and animal excrement), chemically contaminated water, oiled water, drainage water is an environmental pollutant, Sodium chloride water and sucrose water) and distilled water (The refractive index was measured in the laboratory with an Abbe refractometer device) as well as for evaluating the performance parameters such as sensitivity (11.11μm/RIU for tapered sensor 10min and 11.13μm/RIU for tapered sensor 20min) and resolution (0.000069 RIU for tapered No core 10min and 0.000079 RIU for 20min tapered) of sensor (multimode fiber-no core fiber-multimode fiber), with 40 nm thick gold (Au) metal film of the exposed sensing region).

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Phytoremediation and Nanoremediation : Emerging Techniques for Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage Water

Defence Life Science Journal ◽

10.14429/dlsj.3.11346 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 190 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Pratyush Kumar Das

Keyword(s):

Acid Mine Drainage ◽

Mine Water ◽

Mine Drainage ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Drainage Water ◽

Environmental Pollutant ◽

Water Drainage ◽

Mining Sites ◽

Acid Mine ◽

The Cost

<p>Drainage from mining sites containing sulfur bearing rocks is known as acid mine drainage (AMD). Acid mine drainage water is a serious environmental pollutant that has its effects on plants, animals and microflora of a region. Mine water drainage mainly occurs due to anthropogenic activities like mining that leave the sulfur bearing rocks exposed. This drainage water poses as a potent soil, water and ground water pollutant. Although a lot of remediation measures have been implemented in the past but, none of them have been able to solve the problem completely. This review intends to focus on new emerging and better techniques in the form of phytoremediation and nanoremediation for treatment of acid mine drainage water. Besides, the review also gives more importance to the phytoremediation technique over nanoremediation because of the cost effectiveness and eco-friendly nature of the first and the nascent status of the latter. A hypothetical model discussing the use of hyperaccumulator plants in remediation of acid mine water has been proposed. The model also proposes natural induction of the phytoremedial ability of the plants involved in the remediation process. The proposed model assisted by inputs from further research, may be helpful in proper treatment of acid mine drainage water in the near future.</p>

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Determination of temperature and strain by a compact optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) composed of a single-mode fiber (SMF), seven core fiber (SCF), and multimode fiber (MMF) with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG)

Instrumentation Science & Technology ◽

10.1080/10739149.2021.1884092 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Zhaojun Liu ◽

Lianqing Zhu ◽

Lidan Lu ◽

Chunmei Shangguan ◽

Dongliang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Fiber ◽

Fiber Bragg Grating ◽

Single Mode ◽

Single Mode Fiber ◽

Zehnder Interferometer ◽

Bragg Grating ◽

Multimode Fiber ◽

Core Fiber ◽

Mach Zehnder Interferometer

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Relative humidity FOS design using spherical hydrogel on no-core multimode fiber

Advanced Electromagnetics ◽

10.7716/aem.v8i5.1288 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 65-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Nasiri ◽

S. Makouei ◽

T. Y. Rezaii

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Optical Fiber ◽

Linear Response ◽

Evanescent Waves ◽

Multimode Fiber ◽

Multimode Fibers ◽

Sensor Structure ◽

Intensity Changes ◽

Core Fiber

In this paper, the design and simulation of a new optical fiber-based relative humidity (RH) sensor formed by spherical hydrogel droplets over the no-core fiber is stablished. The introduced sensor is capable of detecting humidity changes based on Evanescent waves and splice losses. Refractive index of PEGDMA hydrogel sphere changes with variation of humidity which can cause intensity changes in fiber. The sensor structure includes a no-core fiber in the length of 4 mm connected to two multimode fibers which performs sensing by three hydrogel spheres with diameter of 1 mm. The sensor operation wavelength is adjusted at 631nm. The results show that the designed structure has linear response for humidity in the range of 20 to 95%RH. In the meantime, the obtained sensitivity is about 0.13643 mW /% RH. The simulated sensor has some useful advantages in addition to having some associated with the two primary sensors including the simplicity of the structure and the sensor's function which can be explained by reduction of the length of sensing portion and increase in the sensitivity and range of humidity detection.

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Brillouin scattering signal in polymer optical fiber enhanced by exploiting pulsed pump with multimode-fiber-assisted coupling technique

Optics Letters ◽

10.1364/ol.38.001467 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 38 (9) ◽

pp. 1467 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Yosuke Mizuno ◽

Neisei Hayashi ◽

Kentaro Nakamura

Keyword(s):

Optical Fiber ◽

Brillouin Scattering ◽

Multimode Fiber ◽

Polymer Optical Fiber ◽

Coupling Technique ◽

Scattering Signal

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Hydrological Characteristics of Ordovician Karst Top in a Deep Region and Evaluation of Its Threat to Coal Mining: A Case Study for the Weibei Coalfield in Shaanxi Province, China

Geofluids ◽

10.1155/2020/7629695 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Tao Li ◽

Jiarui Zhang ◽

Ying Gao ◽

Xinqi Cao ◽

Hongyang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coal Mining ◽

North China ◽

Water Pressure ◽

Water Inrush ◽

Drainage Water ◽

Shaanxi Province ◽

Water Drainage ◽

Mining Areas ◽

Hydrogeological Characteristics ◽

In Situ Experiments

Widely distributed in North China, Ordovician karst is characterized by having high thickness, nonuniform aquosity, and significant water pressure-bearing properties. Deep mining in North China is threatened by associated water hazards; hence, research on the hydrogeological characteristics of deep Ordovician karst is needed. In this study, the Weibei coalfield in Shaanxi Province, China, was selected as the study area, especially mines in the Hancheng and Chenghe mining areas. In situ experiments, including water pumping, water drainage, water injecting and water pressure, and laboratory experiments, were conducted to study the hydrogeological characteristics of the Ordovician karst top in the study area. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on controlling factors for the development of the Ordovician karst top in the study area, and a method for evaluating the water inrush risk in coal mining areas based on karst hydrogeological characteristics was proposed. The research results indicated that the Ordovician karst top in the study area was characterized by heterogeneity, vertical zonation, and partially filled properties, which were mainly controlled by two factors: sedimentation and tectonism. The hydrogeological conditions of the Ordovician karst could be divided into three types: nonfilled and nonsignificant tectonism, filled and nonsignificant tectonism, and significant tectonism. Among them, the filled and nonsignificant tectonism type Ordovician karst top type had a filling thickness of 20 m. Based on karst hydrogeological characteristics, the methods were proposed to evaluate the water inrush risk in the coal mining floor. The practical tests verified the methods.

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Study on the characteristic of light transmission in a single-multimode fiber

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979220500988 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (10) ◽

pp. 2050098

Author(s):

Ying Liu ◽

Ruo-Nan Kang ◽

Bin Wang ◽

Fei-Fei Guo ◽

Kun Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Fiber ◽

Light Transmission ◽

Superposition Principle ◽

Multimode Fiber ◽

Direct Transmission ◽

Transmission Characteristics ◽

Multimode Optical Fiber ◽

Transmission Process ◽

Transmission Imaging ◽

Compensation Principle

Based upon the optical coherence superposition principle, a system to acquire light transmitted by a single-multimode fiber has been built. By collecting the optical interference images and using MATLAB software for analysis, the target light transmitted by a single-multimode optical fiber can be extracted from it. Thus, the transmission characteristics of light in a single-multimode optical fiber can be obtained, aiming to realize the direct transmission imaging through the multimode optical fiber by the compensation principle according to the change of phase in the transmission process and to provide technical support for the development of medical examination and medical devices in China.

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