scholarly journals Measuring color differences in gonioapparent materials used in the automotive industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 605 ◽  
pp. 012006 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Melgosa ◽  
L Gómez-Robledo ◽  
G Cui ◽  
C Li ◽  
E Perales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Color Differences ◽  
Materials Used

The influence of additives on the adhesion behaviour of thermoplastic materials used in the automotive industry

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 131-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-J. Jacobasch ◽  
K. Grundke ◽  
St. Schneider ◽  
F. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Materials Used

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF IMPACT RESISTANT POLYMER COMPOSITION ABS/PC FOR AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
I. Yagrushkina ◽  
M. Dyul'dina ◽  
A. Nogachev ◽  
K. Yakunin
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Polymer Composite Material ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Component Ratio ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Polymer and composite materials are becoming more and more widely used in the Russian automotive industry. The Russian market of polymer materials for automotive components is characterized by an insufficiently developed production of some types of such materials. And, as a result, the use of imported materials. Styrene plastics are one of the innovative materials for the automotive industry. Using them in a car makes the product more attractive to customers. The use of this type of plastics allows to create a new look for the car. This applies to both the interior and exterior. The aim of this work is to develop the composition of a polymer composition based on ABS plastic from domestic raw materials. In addition, the new mixed composition should replace imported mixed compositions or contain a minimum amount of imported components of the composition, which will significantly reduce the cost of products and accordingly the car. The article analyzes the polymer materials used in the automotive industry. The disadvantages of using these materials in their pure form are revealed. The selection of the components of the composition of the impact-resistant material with the development of its formulation has been made. The composition of an impact-resistant polymer composition based on ABS plastic and PC has been developed, which is not inferior in terms of the complex of properties to the imported material. The influence of the composition of ABS-plastic, various grades of polycarbonate, their ratio in the polymer composite material on the physical, mechanical and technological properties of the obtained composition has been investigated. It is shown that the best set of properties is possessed by a material based on 2020-30 ABS-plastic and PC-3S polycarbonate with a component ratio of 70%:30%.

Penampilan Fenotipik Delapan Genotipa Jagung Lokal Manokwari Hasil Penggaluran Generasi Pertama

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouke Lenda Mawikere ◽  
Amelia S. Sarungallo ◽  
Diyah A. Aribowo ◽  
Efa Gultom
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Hybridization Method ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Color Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

<em>The objective of this study was to obtain the package information about� the characteristics of first generation of eight genotypes of Manokwari-local corn which made strain based on seed color differences. The materials used in this study were eight genotypes of Manokwari-local corn, organic and inorganic fertilizers according to recommended dosage, and pesticides. Planting was done in the farmer�field located in Beach� Amban, Manokwari. The study was designed using a single row and eight� local corn genotipes which were planted in one seedbed with a size of 4m x 1.5m. Hybridization method used was artificially self-pollinating. The variables measured� were� plant- height character, stem character, leave character, cobs character, and seed character. Data analysis was done using T-test of the difference between the average value for each variable observed.� Eight genotypes of� Manokwari-local corn� which have been evaluated on the characteristics of their vegetative and generative were vary. The highest percentage of seed color in a uniform cob was found in a population of� Red-Kebar genotypes ( 94.4 % ) and the lowest in Purple-Anggi population ( 13.3 % ).</em>

Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Sound Absorption of Automotive Sound Absorbing Materials

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward R. Green ◽  
Andrea L. Zent
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Humidity Measurements ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Absorption Measurements

Normally, small differences in day-to-day and laboratory-to-laboratory sound absorption measurements do not have large consequences because most noise control applications are not highly sensitive to small changes in sound absorption. However, in the automotive industry, materials are not purchased unless they meet strict sound absorption targets. As a result, decisions worth millions of U.S. dollars are made based on acoustic measurements. As material sound absorption moves closer to target values, the consequences of small measurement variations, such as those which might be caused by changes in ambient temperature and humidity during the course of a test, become more critical. The purpose of the work presented in this paper is to investigate which materials used for vehicle sound absorption are sensitive to temperature and humidity. Measurements are made using an impedance tube. It is discovered that typical materials used as absorbers in automotive applications are not sensitive to small temperature changes, and only a few materials are sensitive to changes in humidity.

scholarly journals Color and Translucency Stability of Three-Dimensional Printable Dental Materials for Crown and Bridge Restorations

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Jong-Eun Kim ◽  
Won-Huy Choi ◽  
Dasun Lee ◽  
Yooseok Shin ◽  
Sung-Ho Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Color Differences ◽  
Distinct Color ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
And Storage

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare color and translucency stability of three-dimensional (3D) printable dental materials for crown and bridge restorations. Five different materials were investigated, and twelve disc-shaped specimens of two different thicknesses (1 and 2 mm) were prepared using a digital light processing 3D printer. Color measurements were made according to the CIELAB color scale (L*, a*, and b*) using a spectrophotometer 1 h, 1 day, 1 week, one month, and six months after post-curing of the materials, and the translucency parameter (TP) was calculated. The L*, a*, b*, and TP values were compared among the different materials and storage periods using repeated measures analysis of variance. Color and translucency changes of the specimens after the different storage periods were compared with 1 h measurements to determine whether they exceeded clinically perceivable thresholds. The L*, a*, b*, and TP values showed significant differences according to the storage periods, as well as among the materials. Until one month, some materials demonstrated distinct color differences, while others showed small color differences below a clinically perceivable threshold. The translucency differences were not clinically perceivable for any specimen. After six months, all specimens demonstrated large color changes, whereas the changes in translucency were relatively small. In conclusion, the color of 3D printable dental materials changed with time, and the differences varied with the materials used. On the contrary, the changes in translucency were small. Overall, the materials became darker, more yellowish, and more opaque after six months of water storage.

scholarly journals Possibilities of optimizing fuel consumption in hybrid and electronic airplanes

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
László Gogolák ◽  
Sándor Csikós ◽  
Tamás Molnár ◽  
Péter Szuchy ◽  
István Bíró ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Electric Drives ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Electric Aircraft ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Materials Used

The automotive industry was always characterized by innovation and the use of cutting edge technology. Daily we can see vehicles packed with technological advancements. The main focus of the current technological trend is electric drives. With the rise in popularity of electric cars more types of vehicles are adapting electric drives. In the case of airplanes the standards are higher than in the case of cars so the emphasis of research and innovation is greater. This paper presents a list of the challenges electric aircrafts face and their potential solutions. Currently many of these problems currently only have partial solutions if any. There is also a comparison between the properties of materials used and the expectations for hybrid aircraft. A comprehensive model was created taking into account the criteria set for hybrid and electric aircraft. With the aid of the model the effect of the most important components on efficiency can be assessed.

New Rolled Aluminium Alloy Products for the Automotive Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kłyszewski ◽  
J. Żelechowski ◽  
A. Frontczak ◽  
P. Rutecki ◽  
W. Szymanski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Clad Layer ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Sacrificial Protection

Abstract Clad aluminium strips are used in the automotive industry to manufacture parts of heat exchangers. They are characterised by favourable strength properties, good corrosion resistance and susceptibility to plastic deformation, and can undergo surface brazing at a temperature of about 600°C. As a result of studies, the properties of alloys for the production of clad strips have been optimised. Optimising covered the alloy chemical composition and selected parameters such as the metal condition, the mechanical properties and anti-corrosion behaviour, including the methods for corrosion potential equalisation and sacrificial protection. The obtained technological results of the clad aluminium strip production were verified under the industrial conditions of Impexmetal Huta Aluminium Konin S.A. In a laboratory of the Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals (IMN), the clad strips were tested for the pre-assumed functional properties. Mechanical properties were tested, and the structure and corrosion behaviour were characterised. The reactivity of the clad layer was analysed under different technological conditions. The thermal bond produced by these clad layers was tested by simulation of the heat exchanger manufacturing process. As a result of the conducted research it has been found that all the essential characteristics of the clad strips produced under domestic conditions are in no way different from the properties of imported strips, while modification of the alloy chemical composition has contributed to the effective sacrificial protection of heat exchangers made from these strips. Clad aluminium strips are now successfully produced by the domestic aluminium industry. The improvement of materials used for the heat exchangers can contribute to the reduced overall dimensions of these products and increased efficiency, thus leading to energy savings. The results were obtained within the framework of the Task No. ZPB/38/66716/IT2/10 executed as part of the „IniTech” Project.

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