scholarly journals Partitioning of ecosystem respiration in a paludified shallow-peat spruce forest in the southern taiga of European Russia

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 045028 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kurbatova ◽  
F Tatarinov ◽  
A Molchanov ◽  
A Varlagin ◽  
V Avilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Spruce Forest

scholarly journals Interannual variability of the ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes at paludified spruce forest and ombrotrophic bog in southern taiga

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim Mamkin ◽  
Vitaly Avilov ◽  
Dmitry Ivanov ◽  
Andrey Varlagin ◽  
Julia Kurbatova
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Ombrotrophic Bog ◽  
Flux Measurements

Abstract. Climate warming in high latitudes impacts CO2 sequestration of northern peatlands through the changes in both production and decomposition processes. The response of the net CO2 fluxes between ecosystems and the atmosphere to the climate change and weather anomalies can vary across the forest and non-forest peatlands. To better understand the differences in CO2 dynamics at forest and non-forest boreal peatlands induced by changes in environmental conditions the estimates of interannual variability of the net ecosystem exchange (NEE), total ecosystem respiration (TER) and gross primary production (GPP) was obtained at two widespread peatland ecosystems – paludified spruce forest and adjacent ombrotrophic bog in the southern taiga of west Russia using 6-year of paired eddy covariance flux measurements. The period of measurements (2015–2020) was characterized by both positive and negative annual and growing season air temperature and precipitation anomalies. Flux measurements showed that in spite of the lower growing season TER (332…339 gC∙m−2) and GPP (442…464 gC∙m−2) rates the bog had a lower NEE (−132…−108) than the forest excepting the warmest and the wettest year of the period and was a sink of atmospheric CO2 in the selected years while the forest was a CO2 sink or source between years depending on the environmental conditions. Growing season NEE at the forest site was between −142 and 28 gC∙m−2, TER between 1135 and 1366 gC∙m−2 and GPP between 1207 and 1462 gC∙m−2. Annual NEE at the forest was between −62 and 145 gC∙m−2, TER between 1429 and 1652 gC∙m−2 and GPP between 1345 and 1566 gC∙m−2 respectively. Anomalously warm winter with sparse and thin snow cover lead to the increased GPP as well as lower NEE in early spring at forest and to the increased spring TER at the bog. Also, the shifting of the compensation point to the earlier dates at the forest and to the later dates at the bog following the warmest winter of the period was detected. This study suggest that the warming in winter can increase CO2 uptake of the paludified spruce forests of southern taiga in non-growing season.

scholarly journals Can a bog drained for forestry be a stronger carbon sink than a natural bog forest?

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 2189-2226 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hommeltenberg ◽  
H. P. Schmid ◽  
M. Droesler ◽  
P. Werle
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Net Ecosystem Exchange ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Co2 Exchange ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Abstract. This study compares the CO2 exchange of a natural bog forest, and of a bog drained for forestry in the pre-alpine region of southern Germany. The sites are separated by only ten kilometers, they share the same formation history and are exposed to the same climate and weather conditions. In contrast, they differ in land use history: at the Schechenfilz site a natural bog-pine forest (Pinus mugo rotundata) grows on an undisturbed, about 5 m thick peat layer; at Mooseurach a planted spruce forest (Picea abies) grows on drained and degraded peat (3.4 m). The net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) at both sites has been investigated for two years (July 2010 to June 2012), using the eddy covariance technique. Our results indicate that the drained, forested bog at Mooseurach is a much stronger carbon dioxide sink (−130 ± 31 and −300 ± 66 g C m−2 a−1 in the first and second year respectively) than the natural bog forest at Schechenfilz (−53 ± 28 and −73±38 g C m−2 a−1). The strong net CO2 uptake can be explained by the high gross primary productivity of the spruces that over-compensates the two times stronger ecosystem respiration at the drained site. The larger productivity of the spruces can be clearly attributed to the larger LAI of the spruce site. However, even though current flux measurements indicate strong CO2 uptake of the drained spruce forest, the site is a strong net CO2 source, if the whole life-cycle, since forest planting is considered. We determined the difference between carbon fixation by the spruces and the carbon loss from the peat due to drainage since forest planting. The estimate resulted in a strong carbon release of +156 t C ha−1 within the last 44 yr, means the spruces would need to grow for another 100 yr, at the current rate, to compensate the peat loss of the former years. In contrast, the natural bog-pine ecosystem has likely been a small but consistent carbon sink for decades, which our results suggest is very robust regarding short-term changes of environmental factors.

Energy and CO2 exchange in an undisturbed spruce forest and clear-cut in the Southern Taiga

2019 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 252-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim Mamkin ◽  
Julia Kurbatova ◽  
Vitaly Avilov ◽  
Dmitry Ivanov ◽  
Olga Kuricheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Exchange ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Clear Cut

scholarly journals Can a bog drained for forestry be a stronger carbon sink than a natural bog forest?

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3477-3493 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hommeltenberg ◽  
H. P. Schmid ◽  
M. Drösler ◽  
P. Werle
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plant Area Index ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Abstract. This study compares the CO2 exchange of a natural bog forest, and of a bog drained for forestry in the pre-Alpine region of southern Germany. The sites are separated by only 10 km, they share the same soil formation history and are exposed to the same climate and weather conditions. In contrast, they differ in land use history: at the Schechenfilz site a natural bog-pine forest (Pinus mugo ssp. rotundata) grows on an undisturbed, about 5 m thick peat layer; at Mooseurach a planted spruce forest (Picea abies) grows on drained and degraded peat (3.4 m). The net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) at both sites has been investigated for 2 years (July 2010–June 2012), using the eddy covariance technique. Our results indicate that the drained, forested bog at Mooseurach is a much stronger carbon dioxide sink (−130 ± 31 and −300 ± 66 g C m−2 a−1 in the first and second year, respectively) than the natural bog forest at Schechenfilz (−53 ± 28 and −73 ± 38 g C m−2 a−1). The strong net CO2 uptake can be explained by the high gross primary productivity of the 44-year old spruces that over-compensates the two-times stronger ecosystem respiration at the drained site. The larger productivity of the spruces can be clearly attributed to the larger plant area index (PAI) of the spruce site. However, even though current flux measurements indicate strong CO2 uptake of the drained spruce forest, the site is a strong net CO2 source when the whole life-cycle since forest planting is considered. It is important to access this result in terms of the long-term biome balance. To do so, we used historical data to estimate the difference between carbon fixation by the spruces and the carbon loss from the peat due to drainage since forest planting. This rough estimate indicates a strong carbon release of +134 t C ha−1 within the last 44 years. Thus, the spruces would need to grow for another 100 years at about the current rate, to compensate the potential peat loss of the former years. In contrast, the natural bog-pine ecosystem has likely been a small but stable carbon sink for decades, which our results suggest is very robust regarding short-term changes of environmental factors.

scholarly journals Forest history, peatland development and mid- to late Holocene environmental change in the southern taiga forest of central European Russia

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Novenko ◽  
Andrey N. Tsyganov ◽  
Natalia M. Pisarchuk ◽  
Elena M. Volkova ◽  
Kirill V. Babeshko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Testate Amoeba ◽  
Peatland Development ◽  
Taiga Forest

AbstractUnderstanding the long-term ecological dynamics of boreal forests is essential for assessment of the possible responses and feedbacks of forest ecosystems to climate change. New data on past forest dynamics and peatland development were obtained from a peat sequence in the southern Valdai Hills (European Russia) based on pollen, plant macrofossil, micro-charcoal, peat humification, and testate amoeba analyses. The results demonstrate a dominance of broadleaved forests in the study area from 7000–4000 cal yr BP. Picea was initially a minor component of this forest but increased in cover rapidly with climatic cooling beginning at 4000 cal yr BP, becoming the dominant species. Broadleaved species persisted until 900 cal yr BP, with evidence for intensified felling and forest management over recent centuries. Over the last four hundred years there is evidence for widespread paludification and the establishment of Picea-Sphagnum forests. These data demonstrate how modern wet woodlands have been shaped by a combination of climatic and anthropogenic factors over several millennia. The results also demonstrate the value of a multiproxy approach in understanding long-term forest ecology.

scholarly journals Areas of syntaxons of bog vegetation in the taiga zone of European Russia and the influence of the orographic factor on them

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
V. A. Smagin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
The North ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Eastern Edge ◽  
North Western

The aim of the article is to review the geographical distribution of the main types of plant communities of mires of the boreal zone of European Russia, and to assess the impact of the orographic factor on it. The review made on the materials of 40-year study of mires vegetation of European Russia. It was found that the main botanical and geographical boundaries within the taiga zone of European Russia pass through the subzones of the northern and southern taiga, the Eastern edge of Fennoscandia and the coastal part of the North-Western region.

Mosses of spruce “island” in the valley of the More-Yu River (Bolshezemelskaya Tundra, northeast European Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-399
Author(s):  
G. V. Zheleznova ◽  
T. P. Shubina
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Picea Obovata ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
State Nature Reserve ◽  
Data Book ◽  
First Time ◽  
State Nature

For the first time an annotated list of mosses of the northernmost «island» relict spruce forest in the northeast European Russia has been compiled. The Spruce forest was isolated from the area of spruce (Picea obovata) presumably 4.5 thousand years ago. Spruce «island» is located in Bolshezemelskaya Tundra, in the middle reaches of the More-Yu River on the territory of the state nature reserve of regional importance (67°49'50"–67°59'67"N, 60°01'47"–60°03'02"E). The total area of spruce communities is about 2.5 km2. The age of the trees is 150–200 years. The annotated list includes 134 species of mosses, of which 17 species are found for the first time for Bolshezemelskaya Tundra. New data on the occurrence of six rare species of mosses included in the Red Data Book of the Arkhangelsk Region (2008) — Aloina brevirostris, Cynodontium strumiferum, Encalypta rhaptocarpa, Meesia uliginosa, Scorpidium cossonii, Tetraplodon mnioides are presented.

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